情態(tài)動詞基本用法

1、GrammarModel verbs表示說話人的情緒，態(tài)度表示說話人的情緒，態(tài)度或語氣等?；蛘Z氣等。情態(tài)動詞的語法特征情態(tài)動詞的語法特征1)接動詞原形：接動詞原形：Mv+doThe girl can The girl can dancing dancing very well.very well.2) Mv無人稱無人稱, 數(shù)的變化數(shù)的變化The girl cans The girl cans dance dance very well.very well.3)謂語部分謂語部分=Mv+do The girl can very well.The girl can very well.MvMv 情態(tài)

2、動詞的個數(shù)（情態(tài)動詞的個數(shù)（1515） （4組）組） can / could, may / might, shall / should, will / would （4對）對） have to, had better, ought to, used to （3個）個） must, need, dare 能力能力 The girl The girl cancan dance very well. dance very well. No one No one couldcould finish it. finish it. 可能性可能性 Can Can the news be true? the

3、news be true? Who Who can it be?can it be? It cant be my mother. It cant be my mother. 許可許可 Can Can I sit here? I sit here? 1.can /could：2.may 和和might ：許可（正式）許可（正式）: : MayMay I come in ? I come in ? You You maymay go now. go now.可能性可能性 I I maymay be wrong. be wrong. The guestThe guest maymay arrive

4、this afternoon.arrive this afternoon.祝愿祝愿 MayMay you succeed! you succeed! MayMay you have a good journey! you have a good journey! 3.shall：構(gòu)成將來時構(gòu)成將來時 I I shall shall go to clean graves next Monday.go to clean graves next Monday.求意見求意見（1 1，3 3人稱）人稱）疑問疑問句句 Shall Shall we go by train, Mom?we go by tra

5、in, Mom? Shall Shall he sit here?he sit here?允諾、警告、命令或威脅等允諾、警告、命令或威脅等（2 2，3 3人稱）人稱）陳述陳述句句 YouYou shall shall be punished if you break the rule.be punished if you break the rule.條約，規(guī)定條約，規(guī)定 VisitorsVisitors shallshall notnot pickpick flowers.flowers. 4.should 應(yīng)該應(yīng)該 You You should should keep your promi

6、se.keep your promise. 推測推測 Its 10 pm. She Its 10 pm. She shouldshould be at home be at home now.now. “竟然竟然” Im so Im so angry.Heangry.He shouldshould refuse my refuse my invitation. invitation. 5.must 必須必須 We must learn by heart. We must learn by heart.推測推測 YouYou mustmust bebe the new teacher. the

7、new teacher. （現(xiàn)在）（現(xiàn)在） He He must be eating. must be eating. （進行）（進行） There is nobody here. TheyThere is nobody here. They must have all must have all gonegone home. home. （過去）（過去） “偏偏偏偏” MustMust you make such a big noiseyou make such a big noise? ?6.will構(gòu)成將來時構(gòu)成將來時I I willwill call at your house tom

8、orrow. call at your house tomorrow.意愿意愿Come whenever you Come whenever you willwill. .I I will will never do that again.never do that again.請求，建議請求，建議(2(2人稱）人稱）WillWill you type this, please? you type this, please?自然規(guī)律自然規(guī)律FishFish will will die without water.die without water.7.would構(gòu)成將來時構(gòu)成將來時I I to

9、ld him Itold him I would would call at his house the next day.call at his house the next day.意愿意愿I told him that I I told him that I would would never do that again.never do that again.請求，建議請求，建議( (更客氣）更客氣）WouldWould you type this, please?you type this, please?“過去常常過去常?！盨he She would would get up ea

10、rly at six every morning lastget up early at six every morning lastyear.year. 與完成時have done的連用 近義詞辨析 一些提問的答語 固定搭配當中的情態(tài)動詞MvMv的其他要點的其他要點與完成時have done的連用 may/might have + done sth can /could have + done sth should/ought to have done sth need have done sth would like to have done sthI would like to have

11、 read the article, but I was very busy then. Philip Philip may /might have been hurt may /might have been hurt in the car accident. in the car accident. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She -She must have gone must have

12、gone by bus.by bus.I saw our teacher in the office just nowI saw our teacher in the office just now You You cant have seen cant have seen herher，she is still abroadshe is still abroadKate is already two hours lateKate is already two hours lateWhat can have What can have happened happened to herto he

13、r？ 對過去情況的推測或估計 對過去所發(fā)生的事情的遺憾或責備“本卻沒”We We should have studied should have studied last nightlast night，but we went but we went to the concert insteadto the concert insteadI dressed very warmly for the trip, but I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I I needntneednt have donehave done so. The weathe

14、r was hot. so. The weather was hot. Did you scold him for his mistakeDid you scold him for his mistake？ Yes Yes，but but Id better not have doneId better not have done it it 與完成時have done的連用 近義詞辨析 一些提問的答語 固定搭配當中的情態(tài)動詞MvMv的其他要點的其他要點辨析辨析1.can 1.can 與與 be able tobe able to 時態(tài)時態(tài)can : can : can /couldcan /

15、couldbe able to : be able to : am, is, are ;was , were am, is, are ;was , were able toable to 含義含義be able to=succeed in doing be able to=succeed in doing sthsth. .Can Can you understand English?you understand English?Two years later, he Two years later, he was able to was able to speak very speak ve

16、ry good English.good English.辨析辨析2.must 2.must 與與have tohave to 主客觀主客觀I I dont like to stay here any longer, I dont like to stay here any longer, I must must leave leave now.now.Its too late, I Its too late, I have to have to leave now.leave now. 時態(tài)時態(tài)have/has/had tohave/has/had to 否定否定mustnt mustnt

17、禁止禁止 dont have to dont have to 不必不必辨析辨析3. would 3. would 與與 usedused toto 存在與否He used to like fish. (現(xiàn)在不了)He would like fish.（現(xiàn)在是不是這樣，不知道） 動作or狀態(tài)would表過去發(fā)生的習慣動作She would get up early at six every day .used to 過去的動作或狀態(tài)We used to be good friends. There _ be a temple here. （used to 現(xiàn)在沒有,狀態(tài)）“過去常常過去常?！?與

18、完成時have done的連用 近義詞辨析 一些提問的答語 固定搭配當中的情態(tài)動詞MvMv的其他要點的其他要點一些提問的答語 - Could I borrow your pen? - Yes, you can. - No, Im afraid not. -May I watch TV tonight? - Yes, you may. - No, you may not. No, you mustnt. No, youd better not. -Must /Need I finish my homework now? - Yes, you must. - No, you neednt 與完成時

19、have done的連用 近義詞辨析 一些提問的答語 固定搭配當中的情態(tài)動詞MvMv的其他要點的其他要點 may/might as well=had bettermay/might as well=had better may well (may well (理所當然，完全有理由）理所當然，完全有理由） cant help doingcant help doing cant help but do(cant help but do(不得不，只好）不得不，只好） cant withoutcant without只能只能Eg: You may as well stay at home tonigh

20、t She may well be proud of her son. I cant help but tell her the truth. I cant live without you固定搭配當中的情態(tài)動詞固定搭配當中的情態(tài)動詞1. I think Ill give Bob a ring later in the week. You _. You havent been in touch with him for ages. A. will B. may C. have to D. shouldD 練習坊練習坊I. Choose the correct answer.2. John, l

21、ook at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour? A. Must B. Can C. May D. ShouldA 3. There _ any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. A. mustnt be B. shant have C. shouldnt be D. neednt haveC 4. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingl

22、y called the World Wide Wait because it _ be very slow. A. Should B. must C. will D. can5. Helen _ go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet. A. shall B. must C. may D. canD C 6. Someone is knocking at the door. _ it be Venis? No, it _ be her; she left for New York this morning. A. Can; mu

23、stnt B. Might; cant C. May; doesnt D. Can; cantD 7. Mike promised his doctor he _ not drink, and he has never drunk ever since. A. might B. should C. could D. wouldD 8. Is there a movie on in the cinema tonight? There _ be. I will phone the cinema and find it out. A. might B. should C. can D. mustA

24、9. When I was studying at Beijing University, I _ take a walk along the lake every evening. A. will B. would C. could D. shallB10. Mr Brown, many students want to see you. _ they wait here or outside? A. Shall B. Will C. Can D. WouldA can; couldWhen I was young I _ climb any tree in the forest.Learn

25、ing a language _ be a real challenge.couldcanII. 選用正確的情態(tài)動詞填空。選用正確的情態(tài)動詞填空。may; mightI asked if I _ go home half an hour earlier today.There _ not be enough money to pay for the repairs.mightmay / mightwill; wouldWhen he got older, he _ never do his homework.Nancy _ keep talking unless you tell her to

26、 shut up.wouldwillshall; shouldBy now, they _ already be in Dubai.I _ be replaced by someone from the New York office.shouldshallmust; cantYou _ have stayed up. You look so tired.You _ be 45! I thought you were about 25 years old.mustcantHarvest and Thanksgiving festivals canbe very happy events. (P

27、2)考點考點 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞can的用法。的用法?？祭祭? It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometimes. (福建福建 2008)A. must B. can C. should D. would考點點撥考點點撥 考例回顧考例回顧選選B。can表示表示“可能可能”，意為，意為“有時有時天氣可能會相當冷天氣可能會相當冷”。must必須、必須、肯定；肯定；should應(yīng)該；應(yīng)該；would表示過去表示過去常常。常常?？祭祭? You _ be hungry already you h

28、ad lunch only two hours ago! (浙江浙江 2008)A.wouldnt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt選選B。此題考查情態(tài)動詞表推測。此題考查情態(tài)動詞表推測。cant意意為為“不可能不可能”；mustnt意為意為“禁止、一禁止、一定不定不要要”；wouldnt常表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬槌１硎緦ΜF(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r況的虛擬；的虛擬；neednt意為意為“沒有必要沒有必要”。在肯定句中，在肯定句中，may的可能性比的可能性比can 高，高，may表示現(xiàn)實的可能性，表示現(xiàn)實的可能性，can表示理論表示理論上的可能性。如：上的可能性。如： The road may be blocked. 這條路可能不通了。這條路可能不通了。 The road can be blocked. 這條路可能會是不通的。這條路可能會是不通的。 2) could的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. could 是是can的過去式的過去式, 表示與過去表示與過去 有關(guān)的能力和推測有關(guān)的能力和推測: e.g. We all knew tha