modalverb情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、JackI have good news for you!RoseWhat?JackThe educational department has carried out rules to reduce students too much study load. RoseReally? If so, I dont have to stay up late to do so much homework and my mom may allow me to play computer games.JackThe best thing I think is that I can have more s

2、pare time to take exercise after class.RoseSure. By the way, who is your favorite sports star?JackLiu Xiang, I should say.RoseTell me something about him.JackWell, maybe I can show you some photos. 1. Ability （能力）（能力）2. Obligation （義務(wù)）（義務(wù)）3. Certainty （可能性）（可能性）4. Permission （允許（允許）5. Make requests（

3、提出請(qǐng)求）（提出請(qǐng)求）6. Make suggestions（提出建（提出建議）議）7. Make offers（提供幫助）（提供幫助）8. Give advice（提出意見(jiàn)）（提出意見(jiàn)）1.Ability (能力能力):Liu Xiang can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds.can/could:1. can 一般表示與生俱來(lái)的能力或一般表示與生俱來(lái)的能力或者一種客觀可能性者一種客觀可能性,還可以表示請(qǐng)還可以表示請(qǐng)求和允許求和允許 。Learning English _ be difficult.canMan can not live

4、without air. _ I use your bike?Cancan/could:2.在疑問(wèn)句中，用在疑問(wèn)句中，用could可表示請(qǐng)可表示請(qǐng)求，語(yǔ)氣較委婉。求，語(yǔ)氣較委婉。 _I have the television on? Yes, you _. / No, you _CouldHe asks if he _ smoke here.couldcan/maycant/Im afraid notcan/could:3.表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句或驚嘆句中）要用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句或驚嘆句中） Hes such a nice per

5、son that he _ commit the crime! cant你怎么會(huì)如此地粗心！你怎么會(huì)如此地粗心！ How can you be so careless! Can this be true? can/could:4. can never/canttoo表示表示“無(wú)論怎樣無(wú)論怎樣也不過(guò)分也不過(guò)分”，“越越越越好好” 。你過(guò)馬路的時(shí)候再小心也不為過(guò)。你過(guò)馬路的時(shí)候再小心也不為過(guò)。 You cant be too careful while crossing the road. can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別:Edison always wondered why hens cou

6、ld hatch (孵孵) chickens while he was not able to.Question: Are the two modal verbs interchangeable (互換互換) ? If not, why?can表示表示或或，而，而be able to更加強(qiáng)調(diào)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)或者或者，能做到的事情。能做到的事情。can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別:1.A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone _ run out of the building.was able to2. She _ s

7、peak both English and French.canIm so tired! I have to do the training for at least 10 hours a day! 2.Obligation (義務(wù)義務(wù)):yet he must work hard to win the gold medal.Although Liu Xiang is so gifted in hurdle raceadvisabilitynecessityought to/shouldhave tomustYour mother brings you up and takes good ca

8、re of you, so when she is old, you _ look after her in return. A.can B.may C.have to D.must Shi Dongpeng might win a medal at the Olympic Games.Although the chance of winning a medal is small, Ill try my best! 3.Certainty (可能性可能性) :very uncertainalmost certainmightshouldmustmaycouldought towill1.He

9、_ be at home.2.He _ be at home, for he just called me from his home 15 seconds ago.A.may B.might C.must A.may B.might C.must (can)1. must 表示肯定的猜測(cè)，譯為表示肯定的猜測(cè)，譯為“一定一定”，不能用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。不能用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。This must be your pen.He must be doing his homework now.He must have arrived already.mustmust2. 表示表示“堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持”（常用于固

10、定句型：（常用于固定句型：if you must do sth. 如果你非得要做某事）如果你非得要做某事）如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開(kāi)。如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開(kāi)。If you must leave, do it quietly.They_ be doing the experiment in the lab.Why？Because the lights are still burning.A.could B.can C.must D.would 4.Permission (允許允許):May I eat KFC if I win the gold medal?may/might:1. 表示

11、許可。表示請(qǐng)求、允許時(shí)，表示許可。表示請(qǐng)求、允許時(shí)，might比比may的語(yǔ)氣更委婉一些。的語(yǔ)氣更委婉一些。 Might/May I use your computer? Yes, you can. /No, you cant/mustnt. may/might:2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。用于祈使句中表示祝愿。3.表示推測(cè)、可能（只用于肯定句，表示推測(cè)、可能（只用于肯定句，疑問(wèn)句則要用疑問(wèn)句則要用can或或could）。）。 祝你成功！祝你成功！ May you succeed. He may be very busy now. May you be happy all your life.

12、5.Making requests (提出要求提出要求):Can you help me with my training?I dont know how to use this equipment! will can could wouldinformalformal6.Making suggestions (提出建議提出建議):Shall we do the training in the morning?Its too hot to take exercise in the afternoon. shall:1.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)

13、方的意句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)、向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示或提供幫助見(jiàn)、向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示或提供幫助 。1.Shall we begin our lesson? 2.When shall he be allowed to leave hospital? 3.Shall I carry this bag for you?shall:2.Shall用于第二、第三人稱，表用于第二、第三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。諾或威脅。 You shall fail if you dont work harder. He shall be punished according to t

14、he rule. 等我讀完這本書(shū)，就會(huì)給他的。等我讀完這本書(shū)，就會(huì)給他的。 He shall have the book when I finish it.警告警告威脅威脅允諾允諾7.Making offers (提供幫助提供幫助):Dont worry, dear, I will wash them right away.Mom, my dirty clothes have been piled up! I dont have timewill/would:1. 表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，would比比will委婉客氣。委婉客氣。sentence pattern Would you

15、 pleaseWould you mindWould ratherWould you likewill/would:2.表示意志、愿望和決心。表示意志、愿望和決心。 I will never do that again. will/would:3.可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。翻譯為性。翻譯為“經(jīng)常、慣于、總經(jīng)常、慣于、總是是”。1).The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work. would2).門(mén)就是打不開(kāi)門(mén)就是打不開(kāi) ! The

16、 door wont open. will/would:I will go to the park with you tomorrow if you will offer me lunch. Question: Is this sentence correct? Why?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示表示 “意愿意愿”8.Giving advice (提出意見(jiàn)提出意見(jiàn)):You should not/ought not to eat so much before running.How delicious!should:1.Should表示勸告、建議、命令，表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是其同義詞是ou

17、ght to；在疑問(wèn)句中，；在疑問(wèn)句中，通常用通常用should代替代替oughtto。Should I open the window? 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。 We should learn from each other.should:2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should用于第一人稱用于第一人稱時(shí)可以表示說(shuō)話人的一種謙遜、時(shí)可以表示說(shuō)話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語(yǔ)氣?？蜌?、委婉的語(yǔ)氣。 RoseSure. By the way, who is your idol?JackLiu Xiang, I should say.I should advise you not to d

18、o that again. 3. should表示意外或驚訝表示意外或驚訝 常譯為常譯為 “居然，竟然居然，竟然”。 I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信這樣一個(gè)紳士居然對(duì)老人我不敢相信這樣一個(gè)紳士居然對(duì)老人如此無(wú)禮。如此無(wú)禮。should:4. should 表示猜測(cè)時(shí)，一般指按經(jīng)驗(yàn)或邏輯表示猜測(cè)時(shí)，一般指按經(jīng)驗(yàn)或邏輯判斷，翻譯成判斷，翻譯成“照說(shuō)應(yīng)該，估計(jì)，想必照說(shuō)應(yīng)該，估計(jì)，想必” should: -When can I come for the photos ? I need them t

19、omorrow afternoon. -They _be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need三三. “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的用法的用法（1）must have done對(duì)過(guò)去某事的十分肯定猜測(cè)對(duì)過(guò)去某事的十分肯定猜測(cè)（2）may/might have done對(duì)過(guò)去某事的可能性對(duì)過(guò)去某事的可能性猜測(cè)猜測(cè)（3）cant/couldnt have done對(duì)過(guò)去某事的否定對(duì)過(guò)去某事的否定猜測(cè)猜測(cè)（4）should/ought to have done過(guò)去應(yīng)該做而未過(guò)去應(yīng)該做而未做做（5）shouldnt/oug

20、htnt to have done 過(guò)去不應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上做了過(guò)去不應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上做了（6）neednt have done 本沒(méi)有必要做的事實(shí)際本沒(méi)有必要做的事實(shí)際卻做了卻做了（7）could have done 本來(lái)能夠做的（有能力做）事實(shí)際卻未做到本來(lái)能夠做的（有能力做）事實(shí)際卻未做到Practice1.With so much work on hand, you _to see the game last night. A. mustnt go B. could have goneC. shouldnt go D. shouldnt have gone2. There was plent

21、y of time. She _.A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurriedC. must not hurry D. neednt have hurriedPractice3. I saw Mary in the library yesterday. -You_ her. She is still abroad.A. mustnt see B. cant have seen C. mustnt have seen D. couldnt see4. Aunt Mary_the train, otherwise she would have arr

22、ived here by now.A. must have missed B. should have missedC. had missed D. might miss四四. 可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need 、 dare 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (+動(dòng)詞原形)行為動(dòng)詞needdare 1.1.無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化; 2.2.尤其用于：尤其用于：* *否定句及疑問(wèn)句中否定句及疑問(wèn)句中; ;* *在在if/whetherif/whether之后之后; ;* *或與或與hardlyhardly, , nevernever, , no oneno one, , nobodynobody連用連用; ; 3. 3.常以常以needntneednt 和和darentdarent 的形式出現(xiàn)的形式出現(xiàn); ;4.dare4.dare有其過(guò)去時(shí)有其過(guò)去時(shí)dareddared. . 多用于肯定句多用于肯定句; (sb.) need to do dare to do(sth.) need to be d