課時微訓(xùn)練23

1、高中總復(fù)習(xí) 講練測高中新課標(biāo)RJ英語課時微訓(xùn)練23(時間：45分鐘滿分：41分).閱讀理解(共8小題；每小題2分，滿分16分)A(2014北京卷)Choosing the Right Resolution(決定)Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with，a goal of losing weight.However，setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.To reach our goal of losing weightthe

2、output，we need to control what we eatthe input(輸入)That is，we tend to care about the output but not to control the input.This is a bad way to construct goals.The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input.Instead of resolving to lose weight，try an actionable resolution：“Ill stop having dess

3、ert for lunch，”or“Ill walk every day for 20 minutes.”Creating a goal that focuses on a wellspecified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.Recently a new science behind incentives(激勵)，including in education，has been discussed.For example，researcher Roland Fryer wanted

4、 to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school.In some cases，he gave students incentives based on input，like reading certain books，while in others，the incentives were based on output，like results on exams.His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on

5、 input but had no effect when based on output.Fryers conclusion was that the incentives for inputs might be more effective because students do not know how to do better on an exam，aside from general rules like“study harder”Reading certain books，on the other hand，is a wellset task over which they hav

6、e much more control.As long as you have direct control over your goal，you have a much higher chance of success.And its easier to start again if you fail，because you know exactly what you need to do.If you want to cut down on your spending，a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of

7、 going to a caf，for example.This is a wellspecified actionbased goal for which you can measure your success easily.Spending less money isnt a goal because its too general.Similarly，if you want to spend more time with your family，dont stop with this general wish.Think about an actionable habit that y

8、ou could adopt and stick to，like a family movie night every Wednesday.In the long run，these new goals could become a habit.語篇解讀人們總是為自己的減肥設(shè)立目標(biāo)，但是又總是無法成功。作者告訴我們那是愿望，我們只關(guān)注了輸出，而忽視了輸入的影響。同時作者還通過實驗告訴我們要養(yǎng)成采取行動的習(xí)慣。1The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _.Ait is hard to ac

9、hieve for most AmericansBit is focused too much on the resultCit is dependent on too many thingsDit is based on actionable decisions解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段一、二行To reach our goal of losing weightthe output，we need to control what we eatthe input(輸入)That is，we tend to care about the output but not to control

10、the input.可知，為了實現(xiàn)我們減肥的目的，我們需要控制我們的輸入，而不是只關(guān)注結(jié)果(輸出)。我們只為自己設(shè)立減肥的目標(biāo)的錯誤所在只是注意結(jié)果。故B正確。答案：B2In Roland Fryers research，some students did better than the others because _.Athey obeyed all the general rulesBthey paid more attention to examsCthey were motivated by their classmatesDthey were rewarded for readin

11、g some books解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段四句His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output.可知，當(dāng)以輸入為基礎(chǔ)的時候，激勵會有很好的結(jié)果。再根據(jù)第三段三句In some cases，he gave students incentives based on input，like reading certain books可知，針對輸入的激勵是讓他們讀書。故D項說法：激勵他們讀書是有效的。故D正確。答案：D3Acco

12、rding to the writer，which of the following statements is a good goal?A“Ill give up dessert.”B“Ill study harder.”C“Ill cut down my expenses.”D“Ill spend more time with my family.”解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段可知，要想減肥，很重要的是控制我們的輸入。選項里的A項：“Ill give up desert.”我將放棄甜點。這就屬于控制輸入。故A正確。答案：A4The writer strongly believes th

13、at we should _.Adevelop good habits and focus on the outcomeBbe optimistic about final goals and stick to themCpick specific actions that can be turned into good habitsDset ambitious goals that can balance the input and output解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Think about an actionable habit that you could adopt

14、 and stick to，like a family movie night every Wednesday.可知，作者建議我們考慮那些我們能夠采納也能夠堅持的行動習(xí)慣。也就是說作者認(rèn)為我們要采取一些能夠成為習(xí)慣的行為。故C正確。答案：CBA tonedeaf(音盲)teenager who suffered a concussion(腦震蕩)has astonished his family by suddenly being able to play music effortlessly.Lachlan Connors，a high school junior from Denver，C

15、olorado，now plays 13 instruments，even though he has never learned to read music.But he didnt always have such a talent.As a younger student he loved sport，dreamed of a career playing lacrosse(長曲棍球)and had no passion for music.“He really had no talent，”his mother told CBS.“I would say，Cant you hear w

16、hats next？with something likeTwinkle，Twinkle Little Star and hed say NoWhen he was in the sixth grade，he was playing lacrosse when he fell backwards and knocked the back of his head against the ground，suffering a concussion.”“I remember getting up and feeling dazed，”he told CBS.“I didnt realize some

17、thing bad had happened.”The doctors told him he could return to the field，but he went on to suffer another couple of hard hits to the head，which sent him to hospital.As his condition worsened，doctors told him he should not play contact sports any more，but there was one strange good side effect: his

18、newlyfound musical talent.He can now play 13 instruments，including piano，guitar，mandolin，harmonica and bagpipes.“Music is the thing that gets me up every morning，”he said.His doctor，Dr.Spyridon Papadopoulos，said that the concussions switched on part of Lachlans brain that had previously been dormant

19、.The condition of suddenly developing a talentmusical，artistic or mathematicalis believed to occur when the right brain compensates for an injury on the left brain.語篇解讀本文介紹了一位音盲青少年在一次腦震蕩之后，忽然變得能毫不費力地彈奏多種樂器的事。5What can we know about Lachlan Connors?AHe was born deaf but able to speak after an acciden

20、t.BHe was not interested in music before sixth grade.CHe has been dreaming of becoming a musician.DHe has never had a music lesson in his life.解析：推理判斷題。第一段中指出“Lachlan Connors在一次腦震蕩事故之后，忽然能夠不費力氣地彈奏樂器”結(jié)合第一段最后一句中信息：“had no passion for music”及第二段中信息：When he was in the sixth grade，.he fell backwards and

21、knocked the back of his head against the ground，suffering a concussion.可推知B項正確。答案：B6After the first hit to the head，the doctors advised Lachlan_.Ato go on playing lacrosseBto have a rest at homeCto give up contact sportsDto be sent to hospital解析：細(xì)節(jié)查找題。根據(jù)第三段中信息：The doctors told him he could return to

22、 the field，but he went on to suffer another couple of hard hits to the head，.可知A項正確。答案：A7The underlined word“dormant”can best be replaced by_.Aimmature BincompleteCweak Dinactive解析：詞義猜測題。第一段中指出“Lachlan Connors在一次腦震蕩事故之后，忽然能夠不費力氣地彈奏樂器”，醫(yī)生說這次腦震蕩打開了Lachlan大腦中原先不活躍的部分，故“dormant”與“inactive”意思相同，故選D項。答案：D

23、8Where is the text probably from?AA fashion magazine.BA biography.CA news report.DA science fiction.解析：推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了一個青少年因為一次腦震蕩事故，忽然由先前的對音樂毫無興趣轉(zhuǎn)變成能毫不費力地彈奏多種樂器的事，最有可能選自新聞報道，故選C項。答案：C.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)(2014山西省太原市高三一模)Have you heard of a student awarded masters

24、degree？Of course.But the following student is quite different.Because she is _9_ blind and deaf.She is _10_ combination of disabilities that is one of the most severely known to mankind.Mrs.Michelle Smithdas _11_(enjoy)a special success when she was awarded a masters degree at Teachers College，New Y

25、ork，in the spring of 2005.She did it with a lot of help from a lot of friends and _12_(volunteer)Michelle，who received her degree in education of blind and visually impaired(受損的)learners，_13_(believe)to be the first to gain a graduate degree from a top，famous university.She is an instructor at the H

26、elen Keller National Centre in Sands Point，New York，_14_ she teaches Braille，vocabulary，sign language and _15_ communication skills to those who are deafblind like her.For five years，she was driven to and from New York City for her classes by Mrs.Linda Stillman，who also served _16_ her interpreter.D

27、uring classes，Mrs.Stillman would sit next to Michelle and hold her hand，using the manual alphabet(also known as fingerspelling)to communicate.Michelle also participated fully in class，going on all field trips and _17_(ask)questions in class.Outside class，many of her friends and helpers helped her re

28、ad textbooks and write research papers.According to one professor at Teachers College，Michelle was _18_ only a fine student but also an inspiration to us all.語篇解讀Michelle Smithdas雖然是聾啞人，但她卻憑借堅強(qiáng)的毅力獲得了頂尖著名大學(xué)的碩士學(xué)位。9解析：根據(jù)語境可知，這里表示又聾又啞，both.and.“既又”，符合語境。答案：both10解析：此句中的that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，由該從句中的is可知，此處應(yīng)填a。a co

29、mbination of表示“事物的結(jié)合，綜合”。答案：a11解析：根據(jù)“when she was awarded a masters degree at Teachers College”可知，這里應(yīng)用一般過去時。答案：enjoyed12解析：根據(jù)“a lot of friends and”可知，第12空應(yīng)使用名詞volunteer的復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案：volunteers13解析：主語Michelle和believe之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)；這里敘述的是一個事實：Michelle是第一個獲得頂尖著名大學(xué)研究生學(xué)位的盲人和視力受損的學(xué)生，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。答案：is believed14解析：先行詞是the Helen Keller National Centre in Sands Point