(英語(yǔ))高一英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題(有答案和解析)含解析

1、（英語(yǔ)）高一英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題 (有答案和解析 )含解析一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1閱讀理解amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like, as preparations are made for the worlds first free from 3d-printed property (房產(chǎn)).experts will build a house called curve appeal, which will be 3d-printed off-site before being put to

2、gether on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. these four main sections will then be joined together.although 3d-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in chattanooga, tennessee, later this year will be the first of its kind, as it will contain

3、 no regular shapes or angles. the house is the creation of the design company watg, based in london and california. the design for curve appeal draws inspiration from the case study house program.the architects leading the program were famed for constantly pushing the limits in terms of minimalist (

4、 極簡(jiǎn)主義 ) materials, and trying to create open-plan spaces that focused on enhancing ( 增強(qiáng)) natural light. in a written statement, a spokesman for watg said, “employing many of the same modem design principles, curve appeal is the next evolutionary step. its important that the architecture and the envi

5、ronment work together harmoniously. the chosen site is steps away from the tennessee river in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.”watg was awarded the first prize in the freeform home design challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. the competition was aimed at arc

6、hitects, designers, engineers and artists. participants were challenged to design a 600 to 800sq ft single- family home that rethinks traditional aesthetics ( 美學(xué) ), ergonomics, construction, building systems and structure.over the last year, watgs chicago office has been developing their design with

7、 branch technology. this project is currently underway, working towards breaking ground later this year. once completed, the curve appeal home will have open and light-filled inside living spaces.（1）from the passage we can know that curve apple .a. will be different from an ordinary house b. is the

8、first 3d-printed buildingc. has apparent walls and a roof d. was ever built in the world（2）where is the architect located according to paragraph 4?a. far away from the tennessee river. b. in the woods near the tennessee river.c. between the tennessee river and the woods. d. next to some modem archit

9、ectures.（3）what does the freeform home design challenge do?a. it motivates participants to design at random. b. it emphasizes traditions rather than modernization.c. it sponsors competitors when necessary. d. it helps put creative ideas into practice.（4）whats the passage mainly about?a. what our hom

10、es will look like in the future. b. the freeform home design challenge.c. the worlds first freeform 3d-printed house. d. the development of 3d in architecture. 【答案】（1）a（2） b（3） d（4） c【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了世界上第一個(gè)免費(fèi)的 3d 打印房子。(1) 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“experts will build a house called curve appeal, which will b

11、e 3d-printed off-site before being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. these four main sections will then be joined to gether.”可知，curve apple 不同于一 般的房子。故選 a。(2) 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“the chosen site is steps away from the tennessee river in a beautiful wooded, sunli

12、t area.”可知，建筑師住在 the tennessee river 附近的樹(shù)林里。故選 b。(3) 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“watg was awarded the first prize in the freeform home design challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. the competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists.”可知，the freefor

13、m home design challenge 有助于把創(chuàng)造性的想法付諸實(shí)踐。故選 d。(4) 考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第三段中的“although 3d-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed in chattanooga, tennessee, later this year will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles.”可知，本文主要談?wù)摰氖鞘澜缟系谝粋€(gè)免費(fèi)的 3d 打印房子。故選

14、c。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱 讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推 理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2閱讀理解a new study suggests a link between exposure to greenery and reduced desires for alcohol cigarette and junk food.the study is the first to investigate the possible relationships between exposure to

15、 nature and desires and negative emotions. researchers at the university of plymouths school of psychology surveyed 149 respondents ( 應(yīng)答者) aged 21 o 65 about the proportion( 比例 )of green space in their neighborhood, the presence of green views from their home, their access to a garden and how often

16、they use public green space. the study also asked questions about experiences with depression and anxiety, as well as desires for things like caffeine, alcohol and nicotine. participants rated the intensity( 強(qiáng)度), imagery, and intrusiveness(侵?jǐn)_性) of their desires on an 11-point scale.researchers found

17、 the presence of visible green space contributed to decreased desires for junk food. the effect was particularly noticeable when more than 25 percent of a respondents view was greenery.previous scholarship( 學(xué)術(shù)研究) has dealt mostly with exercise in nature: a 2015 study out of the university of michiga

18、n found 90- minute group nature walks were effective at combattingdepression and relieving other mood disorders. but for people who struggle with accessibility or dont have time for a 90-minute walk, this new study suggests just looking out a window at a tree can help fight off a bad habit.it has be

19、en known for some time that being outdoors in nature is linked to a persons well- being, lead author leanne martin said in a statement. but for there to be a similar association with desires from simply being able to see green space adds a new dimension to the previous research.a 2018 study from den

20、marks aarhus university for example, found that. having access to green space throughout childhood decreased a persons risk of developing mental health problems as an adult.（1）what does the second paragraph mainly talk about?a. the results of the new study.b. the purpose of the new study.c. the sign

21、ificance of the new study.d. the content of the new study.（2）what does the underlined word combatting in paragraph 4 probably mean? a.reducing.b. developing.c. understanding.d. encouraging（3）according to the passage, the new study _.a. mainly referred to exercise in natureb. has enriched the previou

22、s research to some degreec. was carried out by the university of michigand. found exposure to greenery helped cure mental problems（4）n which section of a newspaper may this passage appear?a. entertainmentb. business worldc. tech &scienced. environment【答案】 （1）d（2） a（3） b（4） c【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一項(xiàng)新的

23、研究成果 - 多看綠色植物和吃垃圾 食品這兩者看似風(fēng)馬牛不相及，可研究結(jié)構(gòu)卻表明它們之間存在著一種奇妙的關(guān)系：多看 綠色植物能幫助人們克制吃垃圾食品的欲望。（1）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段中的 “researchers surveyed 149 respondents aged 21 o 65 about the proportion of green space in their neighborhood” 研究人員調(diào)查了年齡在 2165 歲 之間的 149 名參與者小區(qū)內(nèi)的綠植比例 ；以及 “the study also asked questions about experiences w

24、ith depression and anxiety”研究中還問(wèn)了與抑郁及焦慮有關(guān)的問(wèn)題 等可知，第二段主要介紹了新研究的調(diào)查內(nèi)容，故選 d。（2） 考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，在大自然中散步對(duì)人體有各種各樣的好處，再結(jié)合 句中出現(xiàn)的 “relieving other mood disorders(緩解其他情緒紊亂 )” 不難推斷出， combatting depression 應(yīng)表示“減輕抑郁”。故選 a。（3） 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“adds a new dimension(方面) to the previous research”為以前的研究增加了新的方面，可知，新的研究在某

25、種程度上豐富了之前的研究 成果。故選 b。（4） 考查推理判斷。縱觀全文可知，本文介紹了一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究的研究成果，所以該文章 最有可能出現(xiàn)在“技術(shù)與科學(xué)”版塊。故選 c?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和段落大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一 篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行 分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3閱讀理解one of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion i had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in

26、 the family house in bethlehem, pennsylvania.we had heard in school about a planet called pluto. it was the farthest, coldest, and darkest thing a child could imagine. we guessed how long it would take to die if we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on. we tr

27、ied to figure out how much colder pluto was than antarctica, or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in pennsylvania.pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet” （矮星） in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture

28、of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system.plutos underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive. clyde tombaugh was a kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self- ground lenses. as an assistant at lowell observat

29、ory in flagstaff, arizona, tombaughs task was to search millions of stars for a moving point of light, a planet that the observatorys founder thought existed beyond the orbit of neptune. on february 18 ，1930，tombaugh found it. pluto was the first planet discovered by an american, and represented a m

30、oment of light in the midst of the great depressions dark encroachment (入侵).pluto is much more than something that is not a planet. its a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isnt the limit at all. we dont know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme na

31、ture is capable of making until we get there to look.（1）why did pluto become famous in 2006 according to the passage?a. because it lost its major planet status.b. because it disappeared in the sky.c. because it was discovered by an american.d. because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the un

32、iverse.（2）what can be a suitable title for the text?a. an american scientist: clyde tombaughb. pluto was first discovered by a boyc. plutos strange romanced. the days i spent with my brother in pennsylvania（3）what can we learn from the fourth paragraph?a. clyde tombaugh discovered the darkness in th

33、e great depression.b. pluto was the only planet that was discovered by clyde tombaugh.c. clyde tombaughs job was to build telescopes for lowell observatory.d. clyde tombaughs telescopes used for searching stars were very simple.（4）what does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph most probably

34、 mean?a. pluto is no less than a planet in the solar system.b. pluto is much more than a planet in the solar system.c. pluto is more important than any other planet in the sky.d. pluto is not a planet in the solar system, but it is more than a planet.【答案】 （1）a（2） c（3） d（4） d【解析】 【分析】文章講述了小時(shí)候作者對(duì)冥王星的認(rèn)

35、識(shí)，以及冥王星被發(fā)現(xiàn)和被從太陽(yáng) 系去除的經(jīng)過(guò)，更表現(xiàn)了冥王星的神秘和魅力，這使作者認(rèn)識(shí)到宇宙是無(wú)窮的，也是不斷 變化的，需要我們不停去探索。(1) 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段 pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet” （矮星）in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote c

36、orners of our solar system 可知， 在 2006 年冥王星被從太陽(yáng)系大行星中被去除，失去了其大行星地位，故選 a。(1) 主旨大意題。文章主要講述的是冥王星的被發(fā)現(xiàn)和被從太陽(yáng)系去除的經(jīng)過(guò)，更表現(xiàn)了 它的神秘和魅力。c 項(xiàng)“冥王星的奇怪浪漫史”概括全文，故選 c。(1) 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段 clyde tombaugh was a kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses.和 on february 1

37、8，1930， tombaugh found it. pluto was the first planet discovered by an american, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the great depressions dark encroachment (入侵).可知，是 clyde tombaugh 用他簡(jiǎn)陋的儀器發(fā)現(xiàn)了冥王星，成了第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)行星的美國(guó)人，并且給黑 暗的大蕭條時(shí)期帶來(lái)了一線光明。故選 d。(1) 猜測(cè)句意題。此句指冥王星的發(fā)現(xiàn)并不僅僅是一顆行星，它還讓我們知道了宇宙無(wú)限大，天空根本不是極限

38、，它們是不斷變化的需要我們?nèi)ヌ剿?。故選 d?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查科普類短文閱讀。4閱讀理解weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye, a skilled hand and lots of patience. but in lenwood haddocks case, being blind works to his advantage. his trained, sensitive hands are acutely aware of every step of the process. since beginning his craft in

39、 1986, lenwood has woven about 145, 000 perfect hammocks.lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18, during a hunting accident. “my whole working career has been blind,” he says. he first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the north carolina division of services for the b

40、lind connected him with hatteras hammocks. on his first day of work. “i did a total of one hammock,” lenwood recalls, laughing. “and then i came home and lay down to sleep. i lift weights, but i wasnt as tough as i thought until i started weaving.lt takes a lot of energy, and youre standing up all d

41、ay.”in time, however, lenwood found he had a knack ( 竅門) for the job. at first he worked on-site at the company, but after a year lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.there, he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in

42、 a variety of sizes. one day, he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.the process of weaving a hammock involves making and catching hundreds of loops ( 環(huán)). a single missed stitch ( 織針) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock

43、 uncomfortable or even dangerous to use. experienced weavers miss loops sometimes, but to his companys knowledge, lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. lenwoods skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes.the company has acquired other brands and changed its

44、 name to the hammock source. today, it is the worlds largest maker and seller of hammocks, all built by hand.however, lenwoods routine has changed little. he works his fingers back and forth across the rows, looping the rope and pulling it. with every hammock, lenwood presents himself a perfect prod

45、uct. “im not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits.（1）lenwood stopped doing his first job because .a. it was for people with good eyesight only b. the company failed to go on with its business c. the company didnt produce hammocks d. he was not skilled at doing woodwork（2）it can be learned from

46、the passage that lenwood .a. has been blind all through his life b. used to work as a hunter to support his familyc. was born in the 1950s with good eyesight d. has worked as a hammock weaver for 10 years（3）what can we learn about lenwood from the 4th paragraph?a. he moved very often while he was wo

47、rking on a hammock. b. he had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock.c. he had to stay 8 miles away from the worksite to complete it. d. he needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock.（4）what does the passage mainly talk about?a. the success of the hammock source company b. a

48、blind craftsman who makes perfect hammocksc. how to weave perfect hammocks by hand d. how to become a successful craftsman【答案】（1）b（2） c（3） a（4） b【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇人物傳記，因故雙目失明的美國(guó)人lenwood，用其訓(xùn)練有素，敏感的雙手創(chuàng)造編織吊床的奇跡。(1) 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“he first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the

49、north carolina division of services for the blind connected him with hatteras hammocks.”可知， lenwood 十八歲時(shí)失明，后來(lái)找到第一份工作，但他所在的 organization closed，雖沒(méi)說(shuō)具體原因，但沒(méi)有再繼續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)下去，故選 b。(2) 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 根據(jù)第二段中的“l(fā)enwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18,”lenwood 在 1973 年十八歲時(shí)失明推算出來(lái)的，也說(shuō)明在（ 1973-18=1955）1955 年之前他的眼睛是好 的。故選 c。(

50、2) 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“ he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.” 可知， lenwood 所用的計(jì)步器顯示，他在 店里織吊床總共來(lái)回行走 8 英里，由此可推斷出他在工作時(shí)經(jīng)常走動(dòng)。所以選 a。 (4)考查主旨大意。全文講述了一位雙目失明的工人 lenwood，憑借自己的訓(xùn)練有素、敏感 的雙手敏銳地捕捉到編織吊床過(guò)程的每一步，編織中過(guò)程甚至是經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的織工也會(huì)出 錯(cuò)，而 lenwood 展示了一個(gè)個(gè)完美的吊床產(chǎn)品

51、，創(chuàng)造了吊床編織的奇跡。故選 b。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱 讀，考生在準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的同時(shí)，需要根據(jù)上下文，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納， 選出正確答案。5閱讀理解have you ever lost your car on a parking lot? it happens. you park and go shopping. when you get back, you have no idea where your car is. it can be discouraging.you dont need to install ( 安

52、裝) an expensive gps system to keep track of your car. thats too expensive. you would need to pay a monthly subscription fee just to use it. but is there a way to track your vehicle without spending a fortune? yes, now there is! a california-based start-upcompany was able to make this a reality. they

53、 created a tiny device ( 裝置）that works with your smartphone, and it could be exactly what youre looking for! its called trackr bravo. its changing the way we keep track of the important things in our lives.install the free trackr app on your smartphone, connect the app to your device and youre ready

54、 to go! simply attach trackr to whatever you want to keep an eye on. the entire process of setting it up only takes 5 minutes or less. you can attach it to your keys, wallet and anything else you dont want to lose. then use the trackr app to find where your missing item are in seconds.forget expensi

55、ve gps systems or tracking services. nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees. we understand how stressful these things can be, and this is the reason why the company created trackr. this device is your vip when you need to take care of important things.if you forget where you park yo

56、ur car, take out your smartphone and open the trackr app. tap on the “l(fā)ost item” sign on the screen and the app will tell you the exact location. this device is by no means expensive. trackr only costs $29, a small price to pay for peace of mind. the device is small enough that you can attach it to

57、your pets. put it on their collar, and you will never lose track of them! attach it to your key or wallet, and never waste a minute rummaging the whole house for it.since youve been informed about this brilliant invention, now attach it to everything thats important to you.（1）why does the author men

58、tion the lost car in the first paragraph?a. to explain how terrible the situation is. b. to stress the importance of being cautious.c. to lead to the topic concerning finding lost items. d. to provide one common example about theft.（2）whats the feature of the trackr app?a. the process of setting up the app is complex. b. the cost of setting up the app is rather high.c. the app is available in any electronic equipment. d. the app helps locate