數(shù)詞用法講解及練習(xí)Word版

1、傳播優(yōu)秀Word版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！數(shù)詞I.定義與分類數(shù)詞是指表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等；表示順序先后的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。數(shù)詞用法相當(dāng)于名詞和形容詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、定語、同位語等。II. 基數(shù)詞1. 英語中沒有“萬”這個讀數(shù)單位，要表示漢語中的“萬”，英語需借用thousand一詞，如“一萬”用“十個千”表示(ten thousand)，“十萬”用“一百個千”表示(one hundre

2、d thousand)。2. 用作基數(shù)詞單位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不帶復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s，但若用于表示數(shù)百、數(shù)千、數(shù)百萬這樣的泛指，則用復(fù)數(shù)。如：About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大約有兩千人在地震中喪生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上萬的人到海濱去。3. 表示整十的基數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示人的大約歲數(shù)或年代。如：He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出頭(from )。

3、This took place in the 1930s. 這事發(fā)生在20世紀(jì)30年代。III. 序數(shù)詞1. 許多序數(shù)詞是由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后加詞尾-th構(gòu)成的，如four / fourth，six / sixth，ten / tenth，sixteen / sixteenth，但是nine變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞是ninth，而不是nineth。2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序數(shù)詞，由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞將詞尾y改為ie，再加-th 構(gòu)成。3. first, second, third 通?？煽s寫為1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th結(jié)尾的序數(shù)詞可縮寫為“基數(shù)詞+t

4、h”：4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。4. 非整十的多位數(shù)，將個位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。5. hundred, thousand, million 等序數(shù)詞形式為 hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。6. 序數(shù)詞前通常要用定冠詞，但表示考試或比賽等的名次時，通?？墒÷云淝暗亩ü谠~。如：My room is on the second floor an

5、d his on the third. 我的房間在三樓，他的房間在四樓。He was (the) third in the exam. 他考試得了第三名。注：有時序數(shù)詞前不用定冠詞，而用不定冠詞，表示次第在原有基礎(chǔ)上的增加。如：Well have to do it a second time. 我們得再做一次(from )。序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞和不定冠詞的區(qū)別在于：定冠詞表特指，不定冠詞表泛指，有類似another的意思，但比another 的意思更明確。 IV. 分?jǐn)?shù)、倍數(shù)、小數(shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù) 1. 分?jǐn)?shù)。(1)分?jǐn)?shù)由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，當(dāng)分子超過“1”時，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。如：

6、two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5注：1/2 通常讀作 a one half，一般不讀作a second；1/4 可讀作 a one fourth，也可讀作 a one quarter。(2) 分子與分母之間加in, 分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基數(shù)詞。如one in ten 十分之一，five in eight八分之五。(3) 分子與分母之間加out of , 分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基數(shù)詞。如one out of ten十分之一，five out of eight八分之五。2. 倍數(shù)。英語中表示倍數(shù)時通常借助half, double, twice,

7、three times等之類的詞。如：Theyre twice the size of chickens. 它們比雞大一倍。Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他們的房子大約有我們房子三倍大。倍數(shù)的幾種表達(dá)法(1) 倍數(shù)+as +形容詞/副詞(原級)+ as。如：This bridge is three times as long as that one.這座橋是那座橋的三倍長。(2) 倍數(shù)+形容詞或副詞的比較級+than。如：This bridge is three times longer than that one.這座橋是那

8、座橋的三倍長。(3) 倍數(shù)+ the size/length/weight+of+表示比較對象的名詞。如：This bridge is three times the length of that one. 這座橋是那座橋的三倍長。(4) 倍數(shù)+what引導(dǎo)的從句。如：The college is twice what it was 5 years ago.這所大學(xué)是它五年前的兩倍。 3. 百分?jǐn)?shù)。百分?jǐn)?shù)由基數(shù)詞和百分號(%)組成，百分號(%)讀作 per cent。如：thirty percent=30%, 60 percent=60%用“基數(shù)詞percent”。若表示幾分之幾或百分之幾十的

9、人或物時，用加of，作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與of后的名詞數(shù)一致。如：Forty percent of the students wear glasses.百分之四十的學(xué)生戴眼鏡。Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.三分之二的錢都花在食物上。注意：percent一律用單數(shù)形式. 4. 小數(shù)。小數(shù)點(diǎn)前的數(shù)按總數(shù)念，同其它基數(shù)詞讀法一樣，小數(shù)點(diǎn)用point，小數(shù)點(diǎn)后面的數(shù)按基數(shù)詞一個一個單獨(dú)念。如9.65讀作nine point six five。218.39讀作two hundred and eighteen point three nine。V.

10、日期1949年1949讀作nineteen forty-nine6月23日J(rèn)une 23rd 讀作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June2006年10月October 2006 讀作October, two thousand and six1600年5月2日May 2nd, 2005 讀作the second of May, sixteen hundredVI. 鐘點(diǎn)半小時用half，一刻鐘用a quarter，半小時以內(nèi)用past，超過半小時用to。08:00 eight oclock或eight09:15 nine fifteen或

11、a quarter past/after nine02:30 two thirty或half past/after two05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six14:15 fourteen fifteen=2.15 p. m.23:05 twenty-three oh five24:00 twenty-four hundred hours=midnightVII. 編號1. 單純的編號，可在基數(shù)詞前加number，簡寫為No.。如No.2第二。2. 序號與事物名詞連用時分三種情況(from )：(1)小序號可用“the +序數(shù)詞+名詞”或“名詞+基數(shù)詞”。

12、如第一次課可以說the First Lesson或Lesson One。(2)大序號通常只用“名詞+數(shù)詞”。如808號房間Room 808；168路公共汽車Bus No.168；南京路1490號1490 Nanjing Road；電話號碼83545601(用基數(shù)詞逐個念，0念字母O)。(3 )用“a/the + number+基數(shù)詞+名詞”。如a No.3 bus一輛三路公共汽車，the No.3 bus那輛三路公共汽車。VIII. 約數(shù) 1. 用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of表示“幾十、幾百、上千、成千上萬”等。如：The

13、boy bought dozens of pencils.那個男孩買了幾十支鉛筆。Thousands of people died in the earthquake.數(shù)以千計的人死于地震。注意：(1)dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million等表示確切數(shù)量時，不用復(fù)數(shù)。如five dozen eggs五打雞蛋, three hundred people五百個人。但score用法略有不同，與數(shù)詞連用時，也加of。如two score of eggs (40個蛋)。(2)有時單數(shù)形式的dozen, score, hundred, million等前面有數(shù)詞，

14、后面也有of，此時的of表示的是部分與整體的關(guān)系，其后一定是them, us之類的人稱代詞或者有the, these, your之類的限定詞。如I want to buy three dozen of the eggs. (我想買其中的三打蛋) (from )2. 用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to等來表示小于或接近某數(shù)目。如nearly two hours將近兩個小時。3. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above等來表示超過或多于某個數(shù)目。如more than 100 years一百多年。4

15、. 用or, or so, about, around, some, more or less等表示在某一數(shù)目左右。如about 50 pens大約五十支鋼筆，a month or so大約一個月。5. 用to, fromto, betweenand表示介于兩數(shù)詞。如：His salary rose from 100 dollars a month to 120 dollars a month.他的工資從每月100美元升到了每月120美元。IX. 年代表示在某個世紀(jì)的幾十年代，用“in the +逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)”?；鶖?shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)若用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示，可直接加s，也可加s。如“在20世紀(jì)80年代

16、”是in the 1980s或in the 1980s，讀作in the nineteen eighties。注意：不要漏掉the。X.年齡1. 表示某人幾歲的確切年齡，用“基數(shù)詞years old”或“基數(shù)詞of age”或者“at the age of基數(shù)詞”，也可直接用基數(shù)詞。如：He began to study English at (the age of) seventy. 他70歲開始學(xué)英語。Shes seventy years old.= Shes seventy years of age.她70歲了。2. 表示某人幾十多歲這樣的約略年齡，用“in ones+逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)

17、(如tens, twenties, thirties等)”來表達(dá)。如：He went to America in his thirties.他30多歲時去了美國。 XI. 算式2+8=10 Two plus eight is/equals ten.Two and eight are/equal ten.If you add two and eight, you will get ten.8-2=6 Eight minus two is/equals six.Two from eight is/equals six.If you subtract two from eight, you will

18、 get six2x8=16 Two multiplied by eight is/equals sixteen.Two times eight is/equals sixteen.If you multiply two by eight, you will get sixteen.82=4 Eight divided by two is/equals four.Eight over two is/equals four.If you divide eight by two, you will get four.數(shù)詞專項練習(xí)( ) 1. The Peoples Liberation Army

19、was founded _.A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August C. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927( ) 2. A _ boy can sing the English song very well.A. ten-year-old B. ten years old C. ten-years-old D. tenth years old( ) 3. An hour later, _ minister was sent to see the “magic cloth” woven by those

20、two men.A. two B. the second C. the two D. second( ) 4. Do you think there is any room for us _ ?A. two B. the two C. second D. the second( ) 5. Which number is wrong? _.A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth( ) 6. The number 4,123 is read _.A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B.four

21、thousand and one hundred twenty-threeC. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three( ) 7. The old professor still works hard though he is _.A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty( ) 8. This classroom is _ ours.A. three times big

22、as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D. as big three times as( ) 9. The basketball team of our school ranks _ in the match.A. three B. third C. the three D. the third( ) 10. Which is the car that he drives? Its _.A. fifty two B. the fifty-two cars C. the car fifty four D. the fifty-f

23、ourth car( ) 11. Which of the following is wrong? _.A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15.C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old.( ) 12. Our school is not very big. There are only _ students.A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of( ) 13.

24、-How many new words are there in _ lesson? -There are only _.A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five( ) 14. _, Coca-Cola began to enter Chinas market.A. In 1970s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s D. In the 1970s( ) 15. There was no bus in that small town. We had a _.A. ten

25、miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten miles walk D. tenth mile walk( ) 16. Which room do you live in? _.A. The 201 Room B. Room 201 C. Room 201st D. The 201s Room( ) 17. Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means _.A. 3,170 B. 3,117 C. 300,170 D. 30,170( ) 18. On May _, _ people traveled roun

26、d the country.A. the first, millions B. the first, millions of C. first, the millionth D. first, millions( ) 19. _ of them are dining at school.A. Twelve B. Twelfth C. The twelve D. the 12th( ) 20. 7:17 is read _.A. seven and seventeen B. seven seven C. seven one seven D. seven seventeen( ) 21. Four

27、 _ two is two.A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 22. Three _ five is eight.A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 23. Three _ seven is twenty-one.A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 24. Forty-two _ seven is six.A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 25. There are _ days in a y

28、ear.A. three hundred sixty and five B. three hundred and sixty-fiveC. three hundreds and sixty-five D. three hundred sixty-five( )26. There are _ students in that school.A. two thousand eight-six B. two thousand eighty-sixC. two thousand and eighty-six D. two thousands and eighty-six( ) 27. It took

29、me _ to get there.A. two hours and a half B. two hours and half C. two hour and a half D. two hour and half( ) 28. _ is a very tall boy.A. The twelve B. The twelveth C. The twelfeth D. The twelfth( ) 29. “What year is it?” “Its _.”A. nineteen hundred and ninety-seven B. nineteen and ninety-sevenC. n

30、ineteen ninety and seven D. nineteen ninety-seven( ) 30. “Whats the date today?” “Its _.”A. Tuesday B. June Fourth C. June the four D. June the fourth( ) 31. The train from Shanghai will arrive _.A. in quarter past six B. in a quarter past six C. at quarter past six D. at a quarter past six( ) 32. M

31、y friend was born on _.A. three of July, 1979 B. the third of July,1979 C. 1979, July the third D. 1979, the third of July( ) 33. _ is less than _.A. One-third; two-thirds B. One-third; two-thirdC. First-three; first-threes D. One-t hird; one-three( ) 34. Which lesson did you learn yesterday? _ _.A.

32、 Lesson Seven B. Lesson seventh C. The 7 Lesson D. 7 Lesson( ) 35. There will be a comedy on TV at _ this evenin g.A. seven past thirty B. half past seven C. seven the thirty D. thirty to seven( ) 36. It took me _ to find out the key to the drawer.A. one and half hours B. one and a half hours C. one

33、 and a half hour D. one and half hour( ) 37. Im so tired after _ walk.A. three hours B. three hours C. three hours D. three hour( ) 38. There are _ stars in the sky.A. million of B. millions of C. the million D. a million of( ) 39. The street is _ wide.A. two meters B. two meter C. the two meter D.

34、a two meter( )40. Most of the stars are much bigger than the sun. But they are _ light years away from us.A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of( )41. _ of the surface(表面) of the earth is covered with water.A. First third B. Two thirds C. One three D. Two three( )42. There are _ peo

35、ple in my family. We live on the _ floor in a tall building.A. five, six B. fifth, sixth C. fifth, six D. five, sixth( )43. The flood happened _.A. in the summer of 1998 B. in the summer of 1998s C. in 1998 of the summer D. in 1998s of the summer( )44. - How soon will you finish your work? - In abou

36、t _.A. one and a half month B. one month and a half C. one and half a month D. a month and half( )45. We will have a _ holiday. What about going to Suzhou?A. five days B. five day C. five-day D. five-days( )46. We are sure the _ century will bring us more hopes.A. twentieth-first B. twentieth-one C.

37、 twenty-one D. twenty-first( )47. At the age of _, he had his own lab.A. thirty B. thirtieth C. the thirtieth D. the thirty( )48. - Would you like some fruit, madam? - Oh, yes. _, please. A. 5 kilo bananas B. 5 kilos of bananas C. 5 kilo of bananas D. 5 kilos of banana( )49. This building is for a _

38、. A. family of three B. three people C. three peoples family D. three peoples family( )50. Look at the table. Tom wants to buy a hamburger, a large coke and an ice-cream. How much will he pay?Hamburger $ 2.60 Orange juice $ 1.20 Hot dog $2.15 Coffee $1.50 Ice-cream $2.00 Water $0.50 Popcorn $1.00 La

39、rge coke $1.00A. Three dollars and sixty cents. B. Five dollars and thirty-five cents.C. Five dollars and sixty cents. D. Two dollars.音標(biāo)語法詞匯閱讀綜合訓(xùn)練I. Fill in the blanks according to the phonetic transcriptions.II. Complete the following passages with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be

40、used once. (A)A. chairs B. amazing C. cause D. at least E. dangerousHome should be the safest place of all, but carelessness makes it one of the most _6_. Accidents can happen when people use tables and _ as ladders and misuse kitchen appliances. Many home accidents involve falls. Objects that are l

41、eft on floors can make others fall over. The kitchen is another place where many falls take place. Cleaning up water off the floor can prevent many accidents.Burns happen mostly at home, and many of them happen in the kitchen. A hot oven is an obvious danger that can _8_ painful burns. Cooking with

42、heat should be done by adults, or _9_ with an adult around. (B)A. without B. signs C. instead of D. as well as E. regularlyHouse fires are also a serious problem. They often start _10_ being noticed, so every house should have one smoke detector（探測器） on each floor. The detectors can detect, or sense

43、, any sign of smoke and warn you with an alarm.Every family member should know what to do when there is a fire. Once agreed upon, these safety rules should be reviewed and practised together _11_. This practice will create a much safer home.Accidents often happen in public places _12_ at home. Accid

44、ents take place in these places for two main reasons. First, most visitors are unfamiliar with these places. Second, public places are often crowded. While you are in these places, pay attention to _13_ warning about any dangers.III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.

45、 14. As we all know, Edison was one of the greatest _ in the world. (science)15. We must keep the balance of _. (natural)16. Of all the subjects, I like _ best. (chemical)17. Staying in an air-conditioned room in summer makes me feel _. (comfort)18. Teachers should be _ to all the students. (patient

46、ly)19. It is _ to talk loudly in the reading room. (polite)20. The detective story has a _ ending. I like it very much. (drama)21. All the staff in this big company had _ exam last week. (medicine)IV. Complete the following sentences as required. 22. Cathy is keen on playing chess. （保持句意基本不變）Cathy i

47、s _ _ playing chess.23. My mother seldom goes to work by car.（改為反意疑問句）My mother seldom goes to work by car, _ _?24. I go to the cinema once a month. （對劃線部分提問）_ _ do you go to the cinema?25. It is very important to pay attention to road safety. （改為感嘆句）_ _ it is to pay attention to road safety!26. The

48、 government will widen this old street next year. （改為被動語態(tài)）This old street will _ _ by the government next year.27. When will Mary go travelling? The professor wanted to know. （改為復(fù)合句）The professor wanted to know _ Mary _ go travelling.28. paid, Miss Li, in that supermarket, 800 yuan, a new carpet, fo

49、r （連詞成句） _.V. Choose the best answer. Most people have dogs as pets. But do you know that dogs can also do different jobs? On September 11, 2001, terrorists (恐怖分子) attacked the U.S. and nearly 3,000 people died. At that time over 300 dogs were there to help to find and save people. They are working

50、dogs.The U.S. army began to use dogs during World War I. Now, about 2,700 dogs are working in Afghanistan and Iraq, according to Discovery News. These four-legged soldiers use their powerful sense of smell to find bombs, drugs and enemies.Dogs are “mans best friends”. They can help us work better.Th

51、e most common jobs for working dogs are in search and rescue. They can find lost people or bodies after a big disaster or in the wild.Guide dogs can help blind people walk safely. These dogs can understand some words. Guide dogs are popular in the U.S. and Japan. Many guide dogs visited China during

52、 the Beijing Olympic Games.There are also dogs working with doctors. They can help autistic(自閉癥的) children. These children sometimes dont talk and like to do the same things again and again. A study from Canada in 2010 showed that dogs could make autistic children feel relaxed and safe.Herding dogs

53、are important to sheep owners. They keep the sheep safe. They are common in Australia, New Zealand and some parts of China. Nowadays, many people have them as pets. So dogs are not only our pets but also our workmates now.( ) 29. Working dogs in Afghanistan and Iraq help to _.A. keep people safeB. f

54、ind and save peopleC. find bombs, drugs and enemiesD. keep the environment clean( ) 30. The most common jobs for working dogs are in _.A. helping blind people walk safelyB. search and rescueC. helping autistic childrenD. keeping sheep safe( ) 31. Guide dogs are popular in _.A. China and JapanB. Canada and the U.S.C. Australia and the U.S.D. the U.S. an