高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解社會(huì)文化專題訓(xùn)練答案及解析

1、高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解(社會(huì)文化)專題訓(xùn)練答案及解析 一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解社會(huì)文化類 閱讀理解1 The United States is home to 562 recognized American Indian Nations each with its own language. Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribes language has decreased over the past century. Now, Indian Nations are trying differ

2、ent ways to expand the number of native speakers, and increase interest in their communities to learn tribal languages. Since the late 1800s many American Indian children have attended boarding schools. At that time, Indian children were required to attend schools by law, and the government forced I

3、ndian families to send their children to such schools. The children were separated from their families. and given English name The teachers often taught native American students in English, instead of the language of their parents. They were told they needed to learn English in order to get a job, e

4、arn money and buy a house or nice things. However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members. At least one organization is turning to modern technology-The Sealaska Heritage Institute, a nonprofit grou

5、p, has developed two apps for speakers of the Tlingit language. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a reference for important language topics such as conversation phrases, number, and letters. The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tr

6、ibe had only 125 native speakers left. in addition, very few young people are able to speak Tlingit. Currently there are two apps, called Learning Tlingit and Tlingit Language Games. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a language guide. It provides Tlingit words and expressions, the tribal alphabet,

7、as well as a basic list of the words included. With the Tlingit Language Games app, users are given a choice of different places of environments, like a house, forest or ocean. What is the problem the native Americans are facing now? 1）（ A.The number of native Americans has been increasing. B.Fewer

8、and fewer native Americans speak their own language. C.Their native language has been extinct. D.Its hard to increase the interest of hearing native languages. What will be the result if more and more native Americans only speak English? ）（2 A.They will get better jobs and higher pay. B.They will te

9、ach their own children to speak English. C.They will lose their history and culture. D.They will get along well with the government. What can we know about Tlingit? ）（3 A.It can help the native people know some language topics. B.It can help the: native people earn money and buy a. house or nice thi

10、ngs C.It is a very popular app among the native speakers D.It is a native language spoken by fewer than 200 people. What is the main idea of the passage? ）（4 A.American Indian tribes efforts to increase native speakers. B.Reasons for the disappearance of some American Indian languages. C.Ways to hel

11、p the native tribes lead a traditional life. D.The popularity of the language learning apps. B）（1【答案】 C2）（ D3）（ A 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，美國(guó)的印第安人正在使用新的方法來(lái)增加本族語(yǔ)言 的使用，否則，他們的本族語(yǔ)言將面臨嚴(yán)重的危機(jī)。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribes language has decreased ove

12、r the past century. ”但是能說(shuō)他們本族語(yǔ)言的本地美國(guó)人的數(shù)量在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)中已將減少?？芍瑫?huì)說(shuō)本族語(yǔ)的美國(guó)土著的人數(shù)在過(guò) 。去的一個(gè)多世紀(jì)中已經(jīng)減少了，故選B （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members.”然而，害怕失去自己的 歷史和文化，許多印第安部落嘗試新的方法來(lái)提升族人的本族語(yǔ)

13、使用能力?？芍绻絹?lái)越多的族人只說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，他們將會(huì)失去自己的歷史和文 ?；９蔬xC （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第九段中的“The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left.”特林吉特部落有大約一萬(wàn)人。他們主要居住在阿拉斯加?xùn)|南部。但是就2013年的統(tǒng)計(jì)，這個(gè)部落只有125人可以說(shuō)自己民族的語(yǔ)言，可知，現(xiàn)在僅僅有不到兩百人可以說(shuō)這種語(yǔ)言了，故 。D選 （4）

14、考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美國(guó)印第安人在民族語(yǔ)言方面面臨的處境以及這一處境引起的擔(dān)憂，最后四段提出了針對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的解決方案：美國(guó)的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）來(lái)增加本族語(yǔ)使用人數(shù)。選項(xiàng)A中efforts能凸顯人們這一問(wèn)題的擔(dān)心及 。在努力尋求解決方案方面所做的努力。故選A 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答 案。 D和）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。CBA2閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（、 Fantastic Fall Festivals You Wont Want to M

15、iss Seymour Apple Festival Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15, 000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the activities, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food, apple contests, bike-decorating contests, and more. Marionvil

16、le Apple Festival The popular Marionville Apple Festival is home to countless activities and events. The carnival, pony rides, and games will keep the kids busy, while adults will enjoy watching the pie-eating contest and browsing dozens of craft vendor booths. Humansville Fall Festival The Humansvi

17、lle Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town but that doesnt mean its lacking big fun. Perfect for all ages, this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three full days of fun. This years festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely m

18、ake it different from the ones in other years. Youll also find fun carnival rides, talented artisans selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday. Southside Fall Festival The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment a

19、nd free admission. Enjoy a colorful parade and float contest, delicious food vendors, live music, karaoke, and more. Fall Into Arts Festival Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities

20、 like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival, and much more. Which festivals are free of charge? ）（1 A. Southside Fall Festival and Fall Int

21、o Arts Festival. B. Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival. C. Humansville Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival. D. Seymour Apple Festival and Marionville Apple Festival. What makes Humansville Fall Festival special this year? ）（2 A. Fun activities on Saturday. B. The duration of th

22、e festival. C. The area of the hosting town. D. Musicians live performance. Fall Into Arts Festival is specially welcomed by _. 3）（ D. families with kidsB. modern artists C. visitors of all ages A. movie lovers B）1【答案】 （ D）（2 D ）（3 【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了幾個(gè)秋季的節(jié)日?！窘馕觥?（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Seymour Apple Festival部分中的“

23、Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment!”可知，西摩蘋果節(jié)的門票是免費(fèi)的，娛樂(lè)也是免費(fèi)的！和Southside Fall Festival部分中的“The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family 可知，此節(jié)日也是免費(fèi)入admission.”free and environment free alcohol-an with celebrations, 。場(chǎng)。故選B （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù) Humansville Fall Festi

24、val部分中的“This years festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years.”可知，今年的音樂(lè)節(jié)將以當(dāng)?shù)貎?yōu)秀音樂(lè)家的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂(lè)為特色，使它有別于往 。年。故選D （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Fall Into Arts Festival部分中的“Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrat

25、es all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival,

26、and much more.”可知，秋季藝術(shù)節(jié)既有許多孩子喜愛(ài)的活動(dòng)，也有為父 。D母準(zhǔn)備的活動(dòng)，故特別受到有孩子的家庭的歡迎。故選 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信 息，結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。 閱讀理解3 Being attractive isnt usually considered much of a disadvantage in todays world. Actually, there is the endless potential benefit about it, but researchers have found o

27、ne area that being paying job.pretty makes life a challenge securing yourself a boring, low- This stands in contrast to a large body of research that attractiveness, in general, helps candidates in the selection process. For the most part good looks is a blessing. We treat pretty people more favorab

28、ly in general, often vote for them more in elections, and pay them more in their professions. The research suggests that attractive people may be discriminated against in selection for relatively less desirable jobs. Researchers carried out four experiments involving more than 750 participants, incl

29、uding university students and managers who make hiring decisions in the real world. Participants were shown photos of two potential job candidates, one attractive and the other unattractive. Participants were then asked a series of questions designed to measure their opinions of the job desirable jo

30、b.than-candidates and whether they would hire these candidates for a less- The less desirable jobs included a warehouse worker, housekeeper, customer service representative and the more desirable jobs included things like a manager, project director, IT elite(精英). In all experiments where they were

31、asked, participants were significantly less likely to hire the attractive candidate for the less desirable job and more likely to hire the attractive candidate for the more desirable job. Ms Lee said, In the selection decision for an undesirable job, decision makers were more likely to choose the un

32、attractive individual over the attractive individual. Co-author Dr Madan Pillutla said, It is interesting that decision makers consider others opinions in their decisions. They thought that attractive individuals would want better outcomes, and therefore would be less 慳楴晳敩?猠?桴祥映癡牯摥甠慮瑴慲瑣癩?慣摮摩瑡獥眠敨?敳敬瑣

33、湩?潦?敬獳搠獥物扡敬樠扯尮 The research also suggests the established view that attractive candidates are favored when level jobs.applying for jobs might be limited to high- What do people generally think of being attractive? ）1（ A. It is a disadvantage. B. It is a blessing. C. it is not important. D. It has no

34、thing to do with jobs. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? ）（2 A. The participants of the experiment. B. The importance of the experiment. C. The process of the experiment. D. The result of the experiment. looking graduate may have an advantage when applying for _. An ordinary-（3） A. a manager

35、B. a project director C. a warehouse worker D. an IT elite Why are less attractive applicants preferred for less desirable jobs? ）（4 A. Because they are more hardworking. B. Because they will be more satisfied. C. Because they have no requirements at all. D. Because they will want better outcomes. W

36、hich of the following agrees with the research? ）（5 level jobs.A. Attractive people are more fit for high- level jobs.B. Less attractive people are easy to find high- C. Attractive people can always be hired when applying for jobs. D. Less attractive people can easily get highly paid if they work ha

37、rd. B）（1【答案】 C2）（ C3）（ B4）（ A 5）（ 介紹了吸引力和求職之間的關(guān)系?！痉治觥勘疚氖且黄f(shuō)明文,【解析】 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的?牯琠敨洠獯?慰瑲朠潯?潬歯?獩慍戠敬獳湩?可知,在很 。B人們普遍認(rèn)為有吸引力是一種福氣,故選大程度上,美貌是一種福氣,由此可知, （2）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容,特別是Participants were shown photos of two 潰整瑮慩?潪?慣摮摩瑡獥?湯?瑡牴撿楴敶慍摮琠敨漠桴牥甠慮瑴慲瑣癩?可知,本段主要介紹了研究 。故選,C人員對(duì)吸引力和求職之間的關(guān)系的實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的T

38、he less desirable jobs included a warehouse worker, 潨獵步敥數(shù)?撓獵潴敭?敳癲捩?敲牰獥湥慴楴敶及participants were significantly less likely to hire 桴?瑡牴撿楴敶撓湡楤慤整映牯琠敨氠獥?敤楳慲汢?潪屢可知,參與者不太可能雇有吸引力的人做不那么理想的工作,而倉(cāng)庫(kù)管理員是不理想的工作之一,由此可知,長(zhǎng)相一般的人在申請(qǐng)倉(cāng)庫(kù)管理 。故選,C員職位上有優(yōu)勢(shì) （4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的They thought that attractive individuals would want b

39、etter outcomes, and therefore would be less satisfied, so they favored unattractive 因此不,有吸引力的人希望更好的結(jié)果,可知慣摮摩瑡獥眠敨?敳敬瑣湩?潦?敬獳搠獥物扡敬樠扯尮長(zhǎng)太容易滿足,所以參與者在選擇不那么理想的工作時(shí)更喜歡長(zhǎng)相一般的候選人,由此可知, 。故選B相一般的人更喜歡不那么理想的工作是因?yàn)樗麄兏菀诐M足,The research also suggests the established view that （5）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的,敬敶?潪獢尮可知attractive candida

40、tes are favored when applying for jobs might be limited to high-有吸引力的人更適合高層,有吸引力的求職者更受青睞的觀點(diǎn)可能僅限于高層職位由此可知 。,故選A工作與研究結(jié)果相符合【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會(huì)類閱 讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正 確答案。 閱讀理解4 March 21 has been declared World Sleep Day, a time to recognize and celebrate the value o

41、f sleep. Many sleep experts hope it will be a wake-up call.) by the National Sleep Foundation, nearly 4 in 5 Americans dont 民意調(diào)查 According to a poll (get as much sleep as they should during the workweek. On average, adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night, although some can

42、manage with less and some wont do well without more. But the survey found that, on weekdays, only 21% of Americans actually get a full eight hours of sleep, and another 21% get less than six hours. To many of us, the thought of spending more time sleeping is, well, a big yawn. On the other hand, the

43、 thought of being smarter, thinner, healthier and more cheerful has a certain appeal. And those are just a few of the advantages that can be ours if we consistently get enough sleep, researchers say. Also on the plus side: Were likely to have better skin, better memories, better judgment, and, oh, y

44、es, longer lives.uences your performance the next “When you lose even one hour of sleep for any reason, it infl day,” says Dr. Alon Avidan, director of the UCLA Sleep Disorders Center. A study published last year found the same to be true even of children. When kids aged 8 to 12 slept for just one h

45、our less for four nights, they didnt function as well during the day. But sleeping has an image problem.“We see napping or sleeping as lazy,” says Jennifer Vriend, a clinical psychologist in Ottawa, Canada, and the leading author of the study with children.“We put so much emphasis on diet, nutrition

46、 and exercise. Sleep is in the back seat. In fact,”she adds,“no matter how much we work out, no matter how well we eat, we cant be in top physical shape unless we also get plenty of sleep.” The underlined part in Paragraph 1 means . 1）（ A. waking up the sleepers B. drawing peoples attention D. decla

47、ring the special dayC. serving as a morning call From Paragraph 3 we can infer that . 2（） A. being healthier is one of the advantages for us B. sleeping has nothing to do with ones expectations C. enough sleep is the guarantee of the appealing things D. spending more time in sleeping is a waste of t

48、ime What Jennifer Vriend said in the last paragraph implies that . ）3（ A. people care little about sleeping B. sleeping is an image problem D. sleeping is only part of our lifeC. lazy people tend to sleep long What is the purpose of the passage? ）（4 A. To talk about peoples sleeping problems. B. To

49、provide an investigation result of sleeping. C. To stress the function of sleeping at night. D. To arouse the awareness of enough sleep. B（1）【答案】 C（2） A（3） D （4）為了引起人們的足夠重,【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，充足的睡眠對(duì)我們非常重要 日被宣布為世界睡眠日。,3月21視日被宣布為世界睡眠日這件事會(huì)引起人213月（1）考查詞義猜測(cè)。此處指,睡眠專家希望 故選,B項(xiàng)表述的意思相近們對(duì)睡眠的重視。由此可知,a wake-up call

50、含有警鐘的意思。與 。Bsmarter, of being the the other hand, thought （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“On 充足的睡眠可以使我們更聰可知,has a certain appeal.”thinner, healthier and more cheerful 。C明、更苗條、更健康、更快樂(lè)等,這些都是有吸引力的事情。故選and nutrition on much emphasis diet, （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“We put so 。,不很重視睡眠。故選Aexercise. Sleep is in the back seat.”可

51、知,人們注重飲食、營(yíng)養(yǎng)和鍛煉呼吁人們關(guān)注睡眠問(wèn),（4）考查推理判斷。這篇文章旨在讓人們意識(shí)到充足睡眠的重要性 。題。故選D【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考 生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。 閱讀理解5 Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move, said David Belle, the founder of parkour. Do you love running? It is a good exercis

52、e, yet many people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just ? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and like James Bond in the movie Casino Royalewonderful Bonds just because of the over obstacles on way.

53、It is blocks then runs several performances that the sport has become popular worldwide. Yes, thats parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the barriers in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is cons

54、idered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop. Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more than that. Overcoming all the obstacles on the course

55、and in life is part of the philosophy behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, I love parkour because its phil

56、osophy has become my life, my way to do 癥牥瑹楨杮尮 Another philosophy weve learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself. Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of . ）（1 A.its founder, David

57、Belle B.the varieties of participants C.its risks and tricks Casino RoyaleD.the film, The underlined word obstacles in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to . 2）（ A.streets B.objects C.roofs D.barriers Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour? 3）（ A.Sports and extremes. B.Determination and freedom. C.Dreams and success. D.Exc