決戰(zhàn)2011高考英語(yǔ)專題講義形容詞與副詞Word版

1、決戰(zhàn)2011高考英語(yǔ)專題講義形容詞 副詞經(jīng)驗(yàn) 規(guī)律形容詞、副詞通過幾年的高考試題的分析不難看出1）涉及形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的對(duì)象、范圍的考點(diǎn)很多，所以加強(qiáng)對(duì)此部分的理解和掌握顯得尤為重要。2）考題中形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的用法靈活多樣，如用比較級(jí)形式表最高級(jí)含義，古應(yīng)特別注意積累和歸納。3）asas結(jié)構(gòu)的基本模式尤其它的變體形式比較復(fù)雜，考生對(duì)此不可以掉以輕心。4）高考題中常出現(xiàn)考查多個(gè)形容詞作前置定語(yǔ)的用法。因?yàn)楫?dāng)幾個(gè)形容詞同做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，如何排列它們的順序成了難點(diǎn)，很多考生只是憑感覺，缺乏理性指導(dǎo)，所以容易出錯(cuò)。知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納:（一）形容詞的作用1. 作定語(yǔ)： 特別注意多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的排列順序。2.

2、 作表語(yǔ)：通常與系動(dòng)詞be , get , grow , become , feel , appear, prove , seem, look, keep, smell, taste, sound , turn, remain 等連用。如: Our classroom is clean. The weather is getting cooler and cooler.3. 作賓補(bǔ): 如：The news made every one happy.4. 與定冠詞一起表示某一類人或物，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。如:The rich and the poor live very different l

3、ives.5. 作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨狀況、原因、結(jié)果等。如 He went to bed, cold and hungry. She stared into the distance, speechless for a moment.（二）副詞的作用1. 作狀語(yǔ)：通常修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。如2. 作表語(yǔ)，如：One of the tyres is down.3. 作定語(yǔ)，如：The population here is getting smaller and smaller. One my way home, I saw an old lady sitting under a tree

4、 alone.4. 作賓補(bǔ)（副詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的情況較少），如： I saw Mrs Green out with her husband.5. 構(gòu)成短語(yǔ) 2 / 20表示位置的副詞可與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，表示特定的意思。如 pick out (挑選)，turn up （露面）（三）容易出錯(cuò)的幾個(gè)注意點(diǎn)1. 下列以a-開頭的形容詞通常只用作表語(yǔ)： afraid, alike , alive , alone, asleep, awake, ashamed , afloat (飄浮的), aware (知道的)等。 另外，unable, content (滿足的), all（身體）好的，ill（生病的），

5、通常不可用作定語(yǔ)；ill 作定語(yǔ)時(shí)， 通常是壞的，邪惡的意思。盡管現(xiàn)在已有人用ill作前置定語(yǔ)表示生病的，well表示健康的，習(xí)慣上還是用sick, healthy等作前置定語(yǔ)為好。以上所列詞匯中，afraid , alive, alone, awake 可用作后置定語(yǔ)，如 a man afraid (害怕的人)，the greatest man alive (健在的最偉大的人)the only child awake （唯一醒著的孩子） The people , and the people alone, are the motive force in the making of world

6、 history. 人民，只有人民，才是創(chuàng)造世界歷史的動(dòng)力。注意： (1)多數(shù)以a-開頭的形容詞不直接用very修飾，通常習(xí)慣說法如： very much alone 非常孤單的/wide awake 十分清醒的/sound / fast asleep 熟睡的 (2)以a-開頭的形容詞本身帶有副詞來修飾時(shí)，可以用作前置定語(yǔ)，如 a fast asleep boy 熟睡的男孩；the wide awake soldiers 十分清醒的士兵2. 有些形容詞（如wooden）通常不能用作表語(yǔ)。我們不說The table is wooden 而應(yīng)改為 The table is of wood. 或Th

7、e table is made of wood. 不能用作表語(yǔ)，只能作定語(yǔ)的常用形容詞還有：inner 內(nèi)部的，outer 外部的， former 較前的, latter 較 后的，utter完全的，upper上面的，real真正的，mere僅僅的，livelaiv活的，sheer純粹的，only唯一的，aged年老的3. 有些形容詞（如possible）作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常不用人作主語(yǔ)。我們不說He is possible to attend the meeting. 而應(yīng)該說It is possible for him to attend the meeting. 這類形容詞常見的有： poss

8、ible, improbable, convenient, inconvenient等注意：這類句型中當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式與句子主語(yǔ)存在著邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，主語(yǔ)用人是可以的，如 He is impossible to teach. = It is impossible to teach him. 下句也是正確的： She is necessary to get along well with.4. worth, worthwhile 和worthy 1) be worth 表示價(jià)值時(shí)，后面可以直接接名詞或-ing形式； 2) 在It is worth while 結(jié)構(gòu)中，it 為形式主語(yǔ)，后面可接-in

9、g形式，也可接動(dòng)詞不定式 3) worthy 可修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)，如a worthy man 可尊敬的人， a worthy life 有價(jià)值的 / 有意義的生活，與 of 連用時(shí)可作后置定語(yǔ)，如a cause worthy of support 值得支持的事業(yè)。worthy of 作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面可接名詞或-ing形式（常用其被動(dòng)式）4) worthy后面也可接動(dòng)詞不定式，被動(dòng)含義時(shí)也須用不定式的被動(dòng)式。5. 有些副詞與形容詞形式相同，表示同一含義，常見的有：early , late , fast , high , straight6. 副詞的位置 1) 修飾形容詞和其它副詞時(shí)，通常放在被修飾詞

10、之前，但enough一詞例外。如 This is a very useful toolHe doesnt work hard enough. 2) 頻度副詞 (often , usually , seldom , hardly , never, sometimes, always等)要放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的前面，be 動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的后面。如We often go to the park.He is always ready to help others.3) 地點(diǎn)副詞、時(shí)間副詞、方式副詞常位于句末。如I remember that I met him somewhere.Everything

11、 went smoothly.4) 同時(shí)出現(xiàn)幾種副詞時(shí)的排列順序：方式副詞地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)間副詞。如He made his model plane perfectly there yesterday.5) 作定語(yǔ)的副詞放在被修飾詞之后。People here are very friendly to me.7. 某些以-ly結(jié)尾的詞是形容詞而不是副詞。如friendly , comradely , lively , lovely, lonely, likely, deadly , silly , orderly8. 有些副詞有兩種形式（加-ly后變?yōu)榱硪桓痹~），但意義不同，使用時(shí)應(yīng)予注意。如： la

12、te 遲， 晚 lately 近來, high 高 highly 高度地（四）形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)用法1. 兩者相比（A=B），用as + 原級(jí) + as表示2. 兩者相比（AB）， 用比較級(jí)+than表示。4. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時(shí)，用the + 最高級(jí)表示，這種句型中常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)。Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three. He works (the )hardest in his class.說明：(1)用比較級(jí)句型表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義時(shí)，應(yīng)注意避免和包括自身的對(duì)象比。常用句型為： 比較級(jí) + than + (2)比較級(jí)句型和同級(jí)

13、比較句型中出現(xiàn)否定詞no , never , nothing等，也可表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義。 I love nothing better than swimming . (= I love swimming best.) I have never seen as old a car as this. (= This is the oldest car Ive ever seen.)(3)最高級(jí)可以被序數(shù)詞以及much , by far , nearly , almost, by no means, not quite , not really , nothing like等詞語(yǔ)所修飾。(4)表示最高程

14、度的形容詞，如excellent , extreme , perfect等，沒有最高級(jí)，也不能用比較級(jí)。5. 比較級(jí)的一些常用句型 1) 表示幾倍于時(shí)，用倍數(shù)+asas或倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than兩種結(jié)構(gòu)。 2) 用比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí)表示越來越 3) 用the + 比較級(jí), the + 比較級(jí)表示越，越。 4) 表示size , weight , length , width, height等的倍數(shù)，用倍數(shù)+the (size , weight)+of 結(jié)構(gòu)。 5) 比較級(jí)前的修飾語(yǔ)可用表示程度或數(shù)量的詞或短語(yǔ)，主要有：even, still , much, far, any(用于否定

15、句或 疑問句), a lot , a great deal, by far, a little , a bit , three times, two metres 等。6) 表示兩者中間的一個(gè)，比較級(jí)前要加the，即the + 比較級(jí) + of the two結(jié)構(gòu)。7) no more than = only 或 as as 只有， 僅僅 not more than = at most 至多，不超過8) no less than 有之多 not less than 不少于知識(shí)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練(一) 經(jīng)典試題回顧-How was your recent visit to Qingdao ? -It was

16、 great. We visited some friends, and spent the _ days at the seaside.(NMET 95) A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny lastCan you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people ? (同上) A. such , such B. such , so C. so , so D. so , suchWait till you ar

17、e more _, Its better to be sure than sorry. (NMET 97) A. inspired B. satisfied C. calm D. certainProfessor White has written some short stories, but he is _known for his plays. (NMET 98) A. the best B. more C. better D. the most_ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful ski

18、lls. (NMET 2000) A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough braveIts always difficult being in a foreign country, _ if you dont speak the language. A. extremely B. naturally C. basically D. especially (同上)John plays football _, if not better than, D

19、avid. (NMET 94) A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well asWe all write _, even when theres not much to say. (同上) A. now and then B. by and by C. step by step D. more or less_ Id like _ information about the management of your hotel, please. _ Well, you could have _ word with the manager. He m

20、ight be helpful. (NMET 95) A. some , a B. an , some C. some , some D. an ,aIf we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. (同上) A. what B. how C. however D. whateverWe decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining _. (NMET 96) A. badly B. hardly C. strongly

21、D. heavilyHow beautifully she sings ! I have never heard _. (同上) A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voiceIn that case, there is nothing you can do _ than wait. (NMET 2001 北京內(nèi)蒙安微春季) A. more B. other C. better D. anyI am surprised that you should have been fooled by such

22、 a (an) _ trick.（同上） A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D . simple _ role she played in the film ! No wonder she has won an Oscar. (NMET 2002 上海春季) A. How interesting B. How an interesting C. What interesting D. What an interestingThe magazine is a(n) _ number. You can take it out of the reading-room. (同上

23、) A. back B. past C. old D. formerIt is good for elderly people to be _ involved in community service. (同上) A. honestly B. patiently C. eagerly D. activelyAllen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. (NMET 2003) A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. to

24、o heavy much_ Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. (NMET 2002 A. pleasant, pleased B. pleased, pleased 北京內(nèi)蒙安微春季) C. pleasant, pleasant D. pleased, pleasantTwo-middle aged passengers fell into the sea. _, neither of them could swim. A. In fact B. Luckily C. Unfortunately

25、 D. Naturally答案：1-5 BBDCC 6-10 DBAAC 11-15 DDBDD 16-20 ADADC（二）鞏固練習(xí)1. There are many _ computers in the department store. A. last B. later C. latest D. latter2. Have you ever been to Paris ? Yes, Ive _ been there. A. once B. ever C. almost D. nearly3. He uses his car _ for going hunting. A. mostly B

26、. most C. almost D. nearly4. The plane flew _ in the sky and the people spoke _ of the experienced pilot. A. highly ; highly B. high ; high C. high ; highly D. highly ; high5. The more _ we unite, the stronger we become. A. close B. closely C. closed D. closedly6. Huggins does the work with _ care.

27、A. big B. very C. much D. great7. Its _ that wed better go for a walk. A. so a beautiful night B. such beautiful a night C. so beautiful a night D. a night so beautiful8. The Mississippi River is longer than _ in the U.S.A. A. any river B. any other rivers C. any other river D. all the rivers9. He i

28、s so ill that _ hope is left. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few10. The buses run every _ minutes. A. other B. many C. a few D. few11. _ food is better than none. A. Any B. Little C. A little D. Every12. What do you think of the headmasters address ? I liked _ of what he said. A. more B. several

29、C. many D. much13. Tom is _ his height. A. rather thin as to B. too thin for C. so thin for D. very thin of14. Jane was quite unfriendly.I think shes _ than unfriendly. A. shyer B. shier C. more shy rather D. more shy15. This cake is delicious. Well, at least its _ the one I baked last week. A. as w

30、orse as B. as better than C. no worse than D. not better as16. Harry treats his secretary badly. He seems to think she is the _ person in the office. A. less important B. lease important C. not more important D. not most important17. Its never _ to learn. Means You can not be _ old to learn. A. late

31、 enough ; very B. late ; so C. too late ; too D.very late ; only18. He knew _ little French that he couldnt make himself understood. A. so B. such C. too D. very19. Jim seems to like this country. Yes he is _ here as he was at home. A. almost as happy B. as happy almost C. as almost happy D. almost

32、happy as20. She is older than _ there years. A. me for B. I am by C. I for D. me by21. I think its _ for walking. A. very much hot B. much very hot C. too much hot D. much too hot22. Im sure she expected to be back _. A. before long now B. now long before C. long before now D. now before long23. Joh

33、ns record was _ on the team. A. not so good as all the players B. not so good as any players C. not so good as any other players D. not so good as that players24. They are _ to arrive in time. A. possible B. impossible C. likely D. like25. Which one is correct ? A. The reward is worthy B. That work

34、is worthy of doing C. This question is worthy to consider D. There is nothing worthy of being mentioned26. We are studying _ books now. A. three physics very difficult B. very difficult three physics C. very three difficult physics D. three very difficult physics27. She has a _ stamp. A. green squar

35、e valuable HongKong B. HowKong valuable square green C. square valuable green HongKong D. valuable square green HongKong28. The stars are _ when there is no moon. A.the brightest B. brightest C. more brighter D. much bright29. He is the most famous musician _. A. live B. alive C. living D. lively30.

36、 Bob _ after he finished the heavy Job. A. fell fast asleep B. fell sound sleep C. fell to asleep D. went to his sleep31. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes _. A. open B. to open C. to be opened D. opening32. We dont care if a hunting dog smells _, but we really dont want him to s

37、mell _. A. well ; badly B. well ; well C. badly ; bad D. bad ; bad33. Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people. A. such ; such B. such ; so C. so ; so D. so ; such34. The pianos in the other shop will be _, but _. A. cheaper ; not as better B. much cheap ; not as b

38、etter C. cheaper ; not as good D. more cheap ; not as good35. John plays football _, if not better than David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D.so well as 36. How did you find your visit to the museum ? I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _ than I expected. A. far more interesting B. even much inte

39、resting C. so more interesting D. a lot much interesting37. The salesman showed her several bags and she chose _ one as she didnt want to spend too much money on it.A. the less expensive B. the least expensiveC. less expensive D. least expensive38. Professor White has written some short stories, but

40、 he is _ known for his plays.A. the best B. more C. better D. the most39. He had never spent a _ day.A. more worry B. most worrying C. more worrying D. most worried40. How beautifully she sings ! Ive never heard _.A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice41. Are you int

41、erested in her answer ?Not at all . It couldnt have been _.A. worse B. better C. so bad D. the worst42. Which is _ country, Canada or Australia ?A. a large B. large C. a larger D. the larger43. Paper produced every year is _ the worlds production of vehicles.A. the three times weight of B. three tim

42、es the weightC. as three times heavy as D. three times as heavy as44. If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with _ money and _ people.A. less ; fewer B. less ; few C. less ; less D. fewer ; fewer45. Some people are against the plan , but _ support it. A. much more B. many mo

43、re C. no more D. any more46. Its believed that _ you work, _ result youll get. A. the harder ; a better B. the more hard ; the more better C. the harder ; the better D. more hard ; more better47. The climate of Shanghai in summer is not so hot as _. A. Nanjing B. of Nanjing C. that of Nanjing D. in

44、Nanjin48. Though he was an _, he was _ in all kinds of _. A. action, active , activity B. actor , actively, activity C. actor , active, activities D. activity, actor, active49. Which is not an adverb ? A. brotherly B. hardly C. on D. highly50. This one is _ too large. Give me a smaller one. A. so B.

45、 very C. fairly D. rather51. It is _ to travel by air than by water. A. much more excited B. a lot more exciting C. a lot more excited D. much exciting52. China Daily is _ a newspaper , so it is helpful to us all. A. no more than B. not more than C. more than D. less than53. The book seems to be _ l

46、ike a dictionary _ a grammar. A. more ; than B. much ; than C. many ; rather than D. very instead of54. This new type of TV set is very thin, and it is _ than a one hundred-page book. A. no thinner B. no thicker C. not thinner D. less thicker55. The bookshelf is of _ the other one. A. the same heigh

47、t as B. as higher as C. high as D. the same high as56. The new building is _ the old one. A. the size of five times B. five times big than C. five times than the size of D. five times the size of57. Betty stood _ to her teacher and watched _ what he was doing. A. close ; closely B. close ; close C.

48、closely ; close D. closely ; closely58. He was hit by a bullet but _ he was only _ wounded. A. lucky ; badly B. luckily ; badly C. luckily ; slightly D. lucky ; slightly59. The boy looked _ , but his weak breath suggested hat he was still _. A. dying ; alive B. dead ; living C. dead ; alive D. dying

49、 ; living60. This is one of the best films. Ive ever seen, it not _. A. the best B. best C. the better D. good61. The water melon is _ of the two. A. worse far B. worst by far C. by far the worse D. far worse62. Im as poor as you. Means _. A. Im not as rich as you B. Im no richer than you C. Youre r

50、icher than I D. Im even poorer63. He looked _ and looked _ at the policeman. A. calm ; calm B. calmly ; calmly C. calmly ; calm D. calm ; calmly64. There must be _ with the machine. A. something wrong serious B. something serious wrong C. something seriously wrong D. something wrong seriously65. My

51、father was _ asleep and my mother was also _ asleep. A. fast ; sound B. deep ; deeply C. very ; well D. wide ; very66. Tom is _ any other student in his class. A. so brightly a boy as B. as bright a boy as C. as a bright boy as D. the same bright as67. These problems are different in essence, so the

52、y should be dealt with _. A. totally B. specially C. separately D. particularly68. To plant the tree , we must dig _. A. a hole three feet deep B. three-foot-deep a hole C. a three-feet-deep hole D. a three feet deep hole69. Those _ glasses are too _ for the child to reach. A. high , high B. tall ,

53、tall C. tall , high D. high , tall70. Which of the following sentence is wrong ? A. He didnt catch as many birds as he had hoped B. She looked after the children as gently as possible. C. We ought to rest as much as possible. D. They should work hard as possible as they can.71. Yesterday we had a le

54、cture given by a _ teacher. A. well-mannered , young school B. young, well-mannered school C. well-mannered, school young D. school, well-mannered young72. They said nothing , looking _ at the headmaster. A. sad B. worried C. excited D. coldly73. The _ amount of money was not known although they knew it was large. A. real B. actual C. true D. all74. I cant thank you _ m