大學英語教學資料-book4-unit5gao

1、45air force university of engineering foreign language teaching and research press choose to be alone on purposeunit 5: section a45a. the way to develop this texta. the way to develop this texti. structure analysis i. structure analysis arguments + narration + examples + comparisonthe text focuses o

2、n a social phenomenon choosing to be alone on purpose. what people think of living alone, who prefers living alone, the life of the solitary people, and what the writer advises for living alone. text studystructure analysis45narration123-1011-1314-16ways of developmentways of developmentparagraphspa

3、ragraphstext studystructure analysisarguments + examples + comparisonarguments + comparisonarguments + narration + examplesarguments + narration45para.1 living alone is a _ phenomenon in u.s.a.para.2 people think of living alone as _ or _ _.paras.310 _, and _ prefer living alone for inspiration.para

4、s.1113 the life of the solitary people and their need _. paras.1416 the author advises people to _, _ and _.common sociala national disease a characteristic of american heroespoetsphilosophersstay rationalsettle downmake themselves comfortabletext studystructure analysisb. complete the main ideasb.

5、complete the main ideasto talk45ii. question answeringii. question answering1. why is loneliness a sort of national disease in the us?because there are altogether 22 million of people living alone intheir rooms in the us.text studyunderstanding452. why do poets like solitude? because they get inspir

6、ation from it, and they feel good about themselvesfor seeking it out.text studyunderstanding453. what can be learned from thoreaus choice of the solitary way of life?the more positive one is toward oneself, the less the need for staying with others.text studyunderstanding454. why is it important for

7、 a person living alone to talk to others?because it is a basic need of a solitary person.text studyunderstanding455. who may the person living in solitude talk to?they may call friends to tell them important things, or talk to himself, his pets, the television, or even tostrangers in the supermarket

8、.text studyunderstanding45focus studyfocus studynotes to the textfocus study 1. i never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude. practice not/never so as 不如那么我從未發(fā)現(xiàn)比獨處更好的伙伴。45 the unity of the masses with the party is stronger than ever. ive heard the terrible noise once or twice be

9、fore, but this one is louder. men are more peaceful, more graceful with each other than ever.notes to the textfocus study 45 the unity of the masses with the party is never so strong as it is now. ive heard the terrible noise once or twice before, but never so loud as this one. men are never so peac

10、eful, so graceful with each other as they are now.notes to the textfocus study 45notes to the textfocus study 2. it may not be where we expected to be, but for the time being we might as well call it home. practice might as well do sth. 不妨; 還是為好45 我們不妨一塊兒去。 你不妨給客戶服務部打個電話談談這事。 we might as well go tog

11、ether. you might as well phone the customer service department about it.notes to the textfocus study 45notes to the textfocus study 3. its good for us, and a lot less embarrassing than the woman , which is why she bought the powdered hot chocolate mix, though she never drinks it herself. discussion

12、這沒什么不妥，也對我們有好處，而且不像有些人那么令人尷尬：在超市付款處，排在前面的女人告訴收銀員，她的侄女梅利莎星期六可能會來看她。梅莉莎非常喜歡熱巧克力，所以她買了速溶熱巧克力粉，雖然她自己從來不喝這東西。45notes to the textfocus study where is the woman? who is telling the cashier about what? why did the woman buy the powdered hot chocolate mix? in front of us in line at the market. shes telling t

13、he cashier that her niece melissa may be coming to visit on saturday, and melissa is very fond of hot chocolate her niece melissa is very fond of hot chocolate. 451. tame vt. to make sb. or sth. easy to controla group of policemen were called out to tame the crowds.words and expressionsword using 一隊

14、警察被叫來制服人群。i. word usingi. word using45 2. commodity n. sth. that is useful or necessary必須加強打擊假貨的力度。 strong measures should be taken to crack down fake commodities.words and expressionsword using 453. creep vi. to move slowly and quietlyjohn would creep into the gallery to listen to the singers.words

15、 and expressionsword using 約翰會悄悄溜進樓座去聽歌手唱歌。454. dictate v. to say sth. for sb. else to write downl shes dictating a letter to her secretary right now.l the teacher dictated a passage to the class. l 她現(xiàn)在正在給秘書口述一封信。l 老師讓班上的學生聽寫了一篇文章。 words and expressionsword using 454. dictate (sth.) to sb. v. to tel

16、l sb. exactly what to do or how to behavewords and expressionsword using l you cant dictate to people how they should live.l i refuse to be dictated to by him. l 不能強行規(guī)定人們應該怎樣生活。l 我拒絕聽從他的指使。455. humble a. not proud; low in rank my humble apology a humble scientist men of humble birtha humble occupati

17、on鄙人的道歉謙虛的科學家出身卑微的人低賤的職業(yè)words and expressionsword using 456. apology n. a word or statement to say you are sorry for having done sth. wrong or for upsetting sb.demand an apologyaccept ones apologyowe sb. an apologymake an apology要求道歉接受某人的道歉應向某人道歉作出道歉words and expressionsword using psychology biology

18、 sociology technology 45words and expressionsword using dict, dic說，宣稱說，宣稱dictatedictationdictionaryconditionpredictindicateindicationcontradictcontradiction457. -proof protecting against the damaging effect of sth. else waterproof watches a bulletproof cara soundproof roomairproof pipes provide risk

19、-proof services防水手表防彈汽車隔音的房間密封的管道提供風險防范服務words and expressionsword using 458. observation n. the process of watching sb. or sth. carefully for a period of timea study based on detailed observation of a group of 20 patientswords and expressionsword using 一項基于對一組20位患者詳細觀察的研究458. observation n. a spoke

20、n or written remark about sth. you have noticedid like to make a few observations about the current style of management.words and expressionsword using 我想對當前的管理方式提出一些看法。459. back up to support sb., esp. in an argumentpeggy would back me upif she were here.words and expressionsword using 要是佩吉在這兒，她一定會

21、支持我的說法。4510. at length in great detail; at last 不要過分詳盡地討論這個項目。 公共汽車終于來了，晚了四十分鐘。 dont discuss the project at excessive length. at length the bus arrived, forty minutes late.words and expressionsword using 4511. settle down to become quiet and calm or make sb. do this自開學以來，希拉似乎已經安定多了。sheila seems to h

22、ave settled down more since school started.words and expressionsword using 45ii. old to newii. old to newalone; lonelypoems in generalnot great or importanthighest in rank/degreefairnessstart a journeyblock up; supporthave a great liking for solitary poetry humble supreme justice set forth / out / o

23、ff back up be fond ofwords and expressionsold to new 45獨自地根據(jù)最近的統(tǒng)計一種民族弊病另一方面冒險出去征服大自然 all by oneself by recent count a sort of national disease on the other hand venture out tame natureiii. chinese to englishiii. chinese to englishwords and expressionsc to e 45獨處帶來的靈感對給予高度評價穿上外衣獨處高士裝滿熬夜 inspiration i

24、n solitude speak highly of put on ones coat high priest of solitude fill up stay up latewords and expressionsc to e 45一口氣地按自己的節(jié)奏摔倒在打滑的地板上每日不斷發(fā)生的小小抱怨最高法院新來的法官極大的努力 at one sitting at ones own pace fall on a slippery floor the daily succession of small complaints a new supreme court justice supreme eff

25、ortwords and expressionsc to e 45與某人爭論某事花樣滑冰選手保持理性安靜下來；定居以自我為中心的暫時 argue with sb. over sth. figure skater stay rational settle down self-centered for the time beingwords and expressionsc to e 45debatedebateyoung couples and their parentsshould live separatelyyoung couples and their parentsshould liv

26、e togetheridea sharing 45one of the writing techniques to develop the main ideas is making comparison and contrast.i. structured writingi. structured writingsamplestructured writing 45expressions for comparison & contrastexpressions for comparison & contrast be similar to; similarly; likewise; both;

27、 in the same way; resemble; just as; compared with; like; too differ from; be different from; unlike; in contrast to; on the other hand; on the contrary; by/in contrast; however; otherwise; nevertheless; but; while; whereas; yet; although; than; rather thanstructured writing 45complete the following

28、 sentences:complete the following sentences:1. _ to living on the farm, living in the city is an intense struggle to survive in a concrete wasteland.2. before 1880 many people died of smallpox; _, the percentage of deaths from smallpox is small today.3. the development of transportation and the deve

29、lopment of communications _ in many ways.4. there is _ hard work in writing than in physical labor.in contrast howeverare similarmorestructured writing 45paragraph and essay despite their obvious differences in length, the paragraph and the essay are quite similar structurally. for example, the para

30、graph is introduced by either a topic sentence or a topic introducer followed by a topic sentence. in the essay the first paragraph provides introductory material and establishes the topic sentence. samplesample 1 1structured writing 45similarly, the body of an essay consists of a number of paragrap

31、hs that expand and support the ideas presented in the introductory paragraph. finally, a terminatorwhether a restatement, conclusion, or observationends the paragraph. the essay, too, has a device which brings its ideas to a logically and psychologically satisfying completion: the concluding paragra

32、ph. although exceptions to these generalizations may be observed in modern creative writing, most well- written expository paragraphs and essays are comparable in structure. structured writing 45sample 2sample 2ways of manners are different between america and japan. for example, americans eat with

33、knives and forks; japanese people eat with chopsticks. another example is that americans say “hi” when they meet, while japanese bow. besides, many americans open doors for women; japanese men do not. on the surface, it appears that good manners in america are not good manners in japan. in fact, tha

34、ts just the different ways of expressing kindness.structured writing 45 railways and automobile roads some people say that railways are more important than automobile roads. but in my opinion, automobile roads and railways complement each other. railways do not touch small places, while automobile r

35、oads can be constructed to reach every place, even villages situated in remote corners of the country. samplesamplestructured writing 45railways are constructed only for the trains, but roads will prove equally useful for bicycles, carriages and other kinds of vehicles. the cost of building automobi

36、le roads is also such lower than that of building railways. structured writing 45to section bthe end of section a451. vibrate vi. to shake slightly and quickly 我們能感覺到地板隨音樂的節(jié)拍而顫動。we can feel the floor vibratingto the beat of the music.translationtranslationkeykeywords and expressionsword usingliberate近形詞近形詞452. stale a. no longer interesting or exciting (of food) no longer fresh and often tasting or smelling unpleasant 變味覺得乏味老掉牙的笑話趕走渾濁的空氣go staleget stalethe same stale old jokesget rid of the stale aircollocationcollocationwords and expressionsword using453. depression n. the stat