英語代詞復(fù)習(xí)

1、 代詞1. 人稱代詞主格、賓格2. 名詞性物主代詞 與 形容詞性物主代詞3 反身代詞；4 常見不定代詞5. 指示代詞6. 相互代詞7. 疑問代詞。8. 關(guān)系代詞1 These are books. Yours are over there.A I B my C me D mine2 is she? She is a teacher.A What B How C Who D Where3 is wrong with my watch. It has stopped.A Something, working B Something, to workC Any thing, working D An

2、ything, to work4 Mary, help to the bananas, please.A you B your C yourself D yourselves5 do you go to school every day? By bus.A How B Why C When D Where6 My skirt is popular than.A much, her B much, hers C more, her D more, hers7 Can you speak English? Yes, but only.A few B a few C little D a littl

3、e8 Mr.Smith is an old friend of.A I B me C my D mine1答案B.析這里應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。2 答案A.析這里的四個疑問詞放在問句中全都成立，但其意義不同。What is she?應(yīng)譯為“她的工作是什么?”或“她是做什么的?”而How is she?應(yīng)譯為“她身體如何?”而Who is she?應(yīng)譯為“她是誰?”其答語應(yīng)為“她叫什么名字?！倍鳺here is she?應(yīng)為“她在什么地方?”由答語決定了這道題的選擇。3 答案A.析因?yàn)槭强隙ň渌詰?yīng)用Something,其后由于表停止工作了，則stop后要用動名詞。4 答案C.析help ones

4、elf to something為“自己拿某物”。yourself為“你一個人”，而yourselves為“你們”。5. 答案A.析這題的答案是由問句決定的。6 答案D.析因句中有than,所以應(yīng)選用比較級，而than后要選用名詞性物主代詞。7 答案D.析因會講某種語言的多少要用a little,把它看作不可數(shù)名詞對待，此答語為：是的，但僅僅會講一點(diǎn)。8 答案D.析這里應(yīng)選名詞性物主代詞，這也是英語的一種習(xí)慣用法，而不要選擇my。誤He and you should go to the library to return the books.正You and he should go to t

5、he library to return the books.析這主要是英語習(xí)慣上的用法。 當(dāng)兩個以上的人稱代詞并列時其排列順序一般為you, he, she, I.You, he and I must go to play the game for our team this afternoon.而復(fù)數(shù)時為we, you，they: We, you and they have been there before.如男女并列時，應(yīng)先男后女，如：He and she 如果在表示不好意思，承擔(dān)責(zé)任時，單數(shù)時用，I, he, she, you. I, he and you have to pay f

6、or it. 復(fù)數(shù)時用They, you，we, 一. 人稱代詞1.人稱代詞的人稱、數(shù)和格， 人稱代詞通常主格作主語，賓格作賓語。如：I like table tennis. （作主語）Do you know him?（作賓語）人稱代詞作表語時用賓格。-Whos is knocking at the door?-Its me.人稱代詞在than之后，用主格和賓格都可以。He is older than me.He is older than I am二. 物主代詞1.表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。正誤辨析誤Toms mother is taller than my.正Toms mother i

7、s taller than mine.析這句話的意思是：湯姆的媽媽比我的媽媽高. 比較的對象是my mother,也就是mine。形容詞性物主代詞可以作定語，也就是講它可以作形容詞，如：my book. 誤We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish them.正We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish it.析這里it所代替的是不可數(shù)名詞homework，在應(yīng)用代詞時

8、，要注意人稱，格與數(shù)的一致性。 所以應(yīng)用it。形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語。例如：Our teacher is coming to see us.This is her pencil-box.名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主語）- Is this English-book yours? （作表語）- No. Mine is in my bag.Ive already finished my homework. Have you finished yours?

9、 （作賓語）三. 指示代詞誤Whos this speaking.Thats Mary.正Whos that speaking.This is Mary.析在電話用語中，this指講話人自己，而that指對方。誤The days in summer are longer than this in winter.正The days in summer are longer than those in winter.析在比較句中往往為了避免重復(fù)，可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物，如是單數(shù)時用that,復(fù)數(shù)時用those，如：The weather in Beijing is hotte

10、r than that in Chang Chun.三. 指示代詞包括：this，that，these，those。 1. 有時that和those指前面講到過的事物， this 和these則是指下面將要講到的事物，例如：I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English2. 有時為了避免重復(fù)提到的名詞，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing a

11、re just as good as those made in Shanghai 3. this 在電話用語中代表自己，that 則代表對方。例如：Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?四. 反身代詞誤Myself did it yesterday.正I myself did it yesterday.正I did it myself yesterday.析反身代詞不可作主語，但可以用作主語的同位語。誤Take care of ourselves.正Take care of yourselves .(yourself)析祈始句的主語應(yīng)看作第二人

12、稱you.誤Please bring your daughter with yourself.正Please bring your daughter with you.析反身代詞不能作介詞賓語，除非是由不及物動詞與介詞組成的動詞短語，如： The old woman spoke to herself. 英語中用來表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我們自己，你們自己等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞，其形式如表所示。 反身代詞可以在句中作賓語，表語，同位語。 1. 作賓語， He called himself a writer Would you please express yourself in Engli

13、sh?2. 作表語。It doesnt matterIll be myself soonThe girl in the news is myself 3. 作主語或賓語的同位語，表示親自或本人。I myself washed the clothes（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主語同位語）You should ask the teacher himself（作賓語同位語） 五. 不定代詞現(xiàn)將幾個常用的不定代詞舉例說明如下：some與any的區(qū)別some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，幾個”some接：不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞； Look! Some of the st

14、udents are cleaning the library.some接：可數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動詞。 Some rice in the bag has been sold out. any多用于疑問句、條件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”any接：不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞；any接：可數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動詞。If you have any questions, please ask me.There isnt any orange in the bottle.Have you got any tea? 注意：與some, any結(jié)合的詞如：something, somebody, someone, anyt

15、hing, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑問句、條件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。 few, a few, little, a little在用法上的區(qū)別誤Many know him， but few likes him.正Many know him, but few like him.析few用于可數(shù)名詞，意為幾乎沒有，但few作主語時謂語動詞則要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，而a few為有一些。誤You have few friends, havent you?正You have few friends, have you?析little與few用于句中時，均要按否定

16、句看待。誤Much of what you said are true.正Much of what you said is true.析much用于不可數(shù)名詞，作主語時用單數(shù)謂語動詞。而many用于可數(shù)名詞，它作主語時用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語動詞。1）用作形容詞： 含義用法表示肯定表示否定用于可數(shù)名詞a few雖少，但有幾個few不多，幾乎沒有用于不可數(shù)名詞a little，雖少，但有一點(diǎn)little不多，沒有什么 Im going to buy a few apples.He has few friends. He can speak only a little Chinese. There is

17、only a little milk in the glass. They had little money with them.注意：a little和little也可以用作副詞，a little表示“有點(diǎn)，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 Im a little hungry. (修飾形容詞hungry) Let him sleep a little. (修飾動詞sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. (修飾副詞比較級) She slept very little last night.3. other, the other, another,

18、others, the others的區(qū)別。 用 法代名詞形容詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)不定another另一個others別人，其他人another (boy)另一個（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一個the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一個男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1）other可以作形容詞用，后面可以跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思是“其他的、別的”。 Where are his other books? I havent any other books except this one. 2）other也可以用作代詞，與冠

19、詞the連用構(gòu)成“the other”，表示兩個人或物中的“另一個”。常與one搭配構(gòu)成“one ., the other .”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 3）other作代詞用時，可以有復(fù)數(shù)“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常與some搭配構(gòu)成“some ., others .”句型。 Some went to the cinema, othe

20、rs went swimming. This coat is too large. Show me some others, please. 4）“the others”表示特指某范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人或物”。 We got home by 4 oclock, but the others didnt get back until 8 oclock. In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.5）another可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為“另一個”，還可以跟代詞one. You can see another ship

21、 in the sea, cant you? Mary doesnt want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one? 6）another也可以作代詞用，表示“另一個”。 Im still hungry after Ive had this cake. Please give me another.every與each的區(qū)別誤We each has a ticket for the concert.正We each have a ticket for the concert.析each作同位語時，則應(yīng)以原名詞的數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。

22、each作句子主語時其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式，如： Each of us wants to learn English well，誤Every of us has to pass the exam.正Each of us has to pass the exam.析every只可作形容詞，不可作代詞，在作形容詞時, every 則側(cè)重于全體而each既可作形容詞，又可作代詞，在作形容詞時each側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)個體. 誤Everyone of us should do housework two hours a day.正Every one of us should do housework two h

23、ours a day.析everyone不可與of結(jié)構(gòu)相連接使用，而every one則可以這樣用。誤I should read English everyday.正I should read English every day.析要注意的是every day是“每天”， 而everyday則是形容詞為“日常的”。如：everyday English日常英語， everyday life日常生活。誤There are trees on every sides of the street.正There are trees on each side of the street. 析every用于三

24、者或三者以上的每一個，而each用于二者或二者以上的每一個。因?yàn)榻值乐挥袃蓚?cè)，所以只能用each而不能用every.eachevery1)可單獨(dú)使用1)不可單獨(dú)使用2)可做代名詞、形容詞2)僅作形容詞3)著重“個別”3)著重“全體”，毫無例外4)用于兩者或兩者以上中的每一個人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一個人或物 當(dāng)我們說each child, each student或each teacher時，我們想到的是一個人的情況。而當(dāng)我們說every child和every student時，我們想到的是全體的情況， every的意思與all接近，表示他們都如此。 Every student lov

25、es the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher.Every child likes playing. = All children like playing.all和both的用法誤All my parents are engineers.正Both my parents are engineers.析all用于三者或三者以上的全部，而both 則用于兩者的全部。誤All of students might make some mistakes.正All of the students might make som

26、e mistakes.正All students might make some mistakes.析非特指的名詞前可用all , all week, all day, all winter .注意：非特指的名詞前但不可用all of結(jié)構(gòu)，all of結(jié)構(gòu)后面的名詞前一定要有定冠詞， all the year round,誤The all village was flooded.正All the village was flooded.析all作修飾語時要用在所有修飾詞之前。all指三者以上，或不可數(shù)的東西。All of us like Mr Pope. 我們都喜歡Pope先生。（作主語） =

27、 We all like Mr Pope. (作同位語)All the water has been used up. (作主語)Thats all for today. (作表語)Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作賓語)All the leaders are here. (作定語) both作代詞誤We like both this little boy.正We both like this little boy.析both在實(shí)意動詞之前如：We are both students.both在be動詞之后，使用時要注意：Both of us are not r

28、ight.應(yīng)譯為：我們倆不都對。Neither of us is right.才應(yīng)譯為：我倆都不對。如：I cant give you both of the books.為：兩本書我不能全給你，而 I cant give you either of the books.才為：兩本書我全不能給你。六. 相互代詞 六. 相互代詞：表示相互關(guān)系的代詞叫做相互代詞相互代詞有each other 和one another兩種形式。We should learn from each other / one another. （作賓語）Do you often write to each other /

29、one another? （作賓語）We often borrow each others / one anothers books. （作定語）The students corrected each others / one anothers mistakes in their homework. （作定語）誤The post office is on other side of the street.正The post office is on the other side of the street.析單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞如在泛指某一個時用another, 而特指時則要用the other, 因

30、街道只有兩邊，而不在這邊必定是在另一邊， 誤There are ten students here Where are the others students?正There are ten students here.Where are the others?正There are ten students here Where are the other students?析the others = the other students.誤The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, another is a doctor.正The old man h

31、as two sons. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.析another用于泛指，如：如果指三者或者三者以上的情況時，則要用oneanotherthe other. 或者onea secondthe third誤Some people like sports. The others like reading.正Some people like sports. Others like reading.析在泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前用someothersothers來表示某些人某些人某些人。誤Please remember to water the flow

32、ers each other day.正Please remember to water the flowers every other day.析every other day為每隔一天。是習(xí)慣用法，不要隨意改動。四. 用適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡柎~和關(guān)系代詞填空1. _ is the population of the world today?2. _ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?3. - _ colour is your mothers dress? -Its black.4. -_ is your car? -The red one in f

33、ront of the tree.5. -_ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle? -I know, sir. Its instruction.6. The necklace _ she is wearing is beautiful.7. Do you know the person _ lost his bike?8. Most people _ live in less developed countries are quite poor.9. The boy _ is helping the old man is Johns brother.10. People _ use credit cards to buy things online should be very careful四. 1. What 2. Who 3. What 4. Which 5. Which 6. that/ which 7. that/ who 8. who/that 9. who/ that 10. who/ that七. 疑問代