課件開放英語1講義

1、開放英語開放英語1 講義講義 this is englishenglishenglish 1unit 8 moving in 遷入新居 situation xiaoyan shares a flat with mary. 小燕與mary合租公寓。 language focus 表示允許表示允許：you can smoke in the garden. 談?wù)撎鞖猓赫務(wù)撎鞖猓簑hats the weather like in ? 表達(dá)指令表達(dá)指令：put it there. 描述位置描述位置：its behind the chair. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：i cook for my family

2、. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：he is cooking now. in this unit you learn how to ask for and give permission; 表示允許 revise the language for talking about whats happening now;談?wù)撜诎l(fā)生 的事 study the language for describing a city;描述城市 learn how to talk about the weather;談 論天氣狀況 learn to express a command.表達(dá)指令 session 1 in t

3、his session you revise the language for talking about routines;談?wù)撊粘Ｉ?learn how to ask for and give permission.表示允許 language focus 1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 表示允許 you can use the phone in the living room. you cant smoke in the bedrooms. can i use the cooker in the kitchen? 在這些句子中，can 是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示“允許”后接動(dòng)詞原形。其否定形式有兩種寫法，c

4、an not 或者cant.2、一般疑問句的構(gòu)成方法是將 can 置于句首用于第一人稱的疑問句，可以表示詢問他人是否允許。例如： can i use the cooker in the kitchen? can通常表示“能力”；用于第二人稱 的一般疑問句通常表示“請(qǐng)求” 3、can 用于陳述句的肯定句表示允許，用于否定句表示不允許。 she can smoke in the garden. 她可以在花園里吸煙。 you can do what you want .（作賓語） 你愿意做什么就做什么。 you cant be noisy.你們不能大聲喧嘩。 cultural note 表達(dá)歉意“i

5、m afraid.” 講英語的人表達(dá)歉意的場合很多，比如，在對(duì)他人請(qǐng)求允許做出否定答復(fù)時(shí)，應(yīng)先表示歉意然后在拒絕，才顯得委婉、禮貌。 e.g.can i use the phone in the hall? im afraid not. thats a fax machine i use for work.(這里的i use for work 作 fax machine的定語，因此稱為定 語從句 。) 這些語法項(xiàng)目我們以后會(huì) 專門學(xué)習(xí)。 4、can 的讀音的讀音 在不同句試中，can 的讀音有所不同，有弱讀和強(qiáng)讀兩種形式。在陳述句和疑問句中，通常采用弱讀形式；但在簡略答語中，則采用強(qiáng)讀形式。

6、比較 弱讀式 / k n/ you can smoke in the garden. can i smoke in the classroom? 強(qiáng)度式 / k n / yes, you can. can 的否定形式cant 讀作 / k :n t /。 session 2 in this session you revise the language for talking about whats happening now;談?wù)撜诎l(fā)生 的事 learn to describe the weather and cities.描述天氣和城市狀況 language focus 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與

7、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情（這 些動(dòng)作可能每天、每時(shí)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生） 2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話的此 刻 正在發(fā)生的事情。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： i cook for my family. i usually start work at nine o clock.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): hes cooking. im working now.3、英語中有些動(dòng)詞通常只用于一般時(shí)態(tài)，而不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。這些動(dòng)詞表示相對(duì)靜止的物質(zhì)、心理及情感狀態(tài)，被稱為狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。我們學(xué)過的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞有： to be he is english. to havei have two brothers.

8、 to have goti have got two brothers. to likei like tv. to lovei love coffee. to hatei hate my job. to thinki think its cheap.二、描述天氣二、描述天氣1、 描述當(dāng)前的天氣狀況（weather）可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)兩種形式。詢問天氣狀況常用whats(what is) the weather like in +（某地）這個(gè)句式。回答時(shí)可以用it is (its)+形容詞，或者it is (its)+ing形式等。例如：詢問：whats the weather lik

9、e in shanghai?回答：its rainy.its raining.its sunny.its shinning.2、當(dāng)談?wù)撘粋€(gè)地方的氣候（climate）時(shí)通常只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)而不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如： it often rains in summer in england. it doesnt usually snow in winter in ireland. the temperature doesnt go below minus 15 degrees in spring. it is often sunny in autumn.3、描述城市 詢問城市的狀況，可以用 whats

10、 (what is) +城市名稱+like？這個(gè)句式提問。 例如：whats (what is) london like?4、描述城市的狀況，可以用動(dòng)詞 to be+形容詞。例如： london is busy, noisy, crowded and exciting. but its too expensive.5、一些描述住房條件的形容詞。這些形容詞及其反義詞也可用來描述城市情況。 beautiful ugly quiet noisy crowded empty expensive cheap expensive cheap big small busy calm safe dangero

11、us well-organized chaotic (雜亂的) clean dirty(polluted) modern old-fashioned session 3 in this session you learn how to use prepositions of place; 表達(dá)方位的介詞 learn to express a command. 表達(dá)指令。 language focus 祈使句可以表示請(qǐng)求和指令。祈使句可以表示請(qǐng)求和指令。 祈使句的肯定式用動(dòng)詞原形。例如： put it on the small table. stand the lamp on the desk.

12、 祈使句的否定式用 dont +動(dòng)詞原形。例如： dont put them on the desk. study tip an important skill to develop in any foreign language is to understand the gist of what is being communicated without understanding every word . therefore, it is important to listen to, read and watch trying to translate every word either

13、, as this will slow you down,confuse you and overload you. 學(xué)外語應(yīng)培養(yǎng)領(lǐng)會(huì)大意、抓要點(diǎn)的能力。要多聽英語錄音，多讀英語文章，多看英語節(jié)目，而不必追求一字不差全懂全會(huì)。切忌逐字逐句地翻譯成漢語。因?yàn)檫@樣翻譯只能加重你大腦的負(fù)擔(dān)，減慢領(lǐng)會(huì)要點(diǎn)的速度，使你抓不住整體的意思。review reminder 表示允許、不允許表示允許、不允許 you can smoke in the garden. you cant smoke here. can i smoke in the bedroom? 描述城市描述城市 whats like? its

14、beautiful, ugly, big, small, clean, dirty,crowded, empty,modern. 談?wù)撎鞖?、氣候談?wù)撎鞖狻夂?whats the weather like in ? its hot . its cold. its sunny. its cloudy. its windy. its snowy. its rainy its foggy. its snowing. its raining. it often rains. it often snows. it doesnt usually rain. it doesnt usually snow. 談?wù)撜诎l(fā)生的事情談?wù)撜诎l(fā)生的事情 im (am) working. youre (are) working. hes (is) working. shes (is) working. were (are) working. theyre (a