高一英語(yǔ)牛津Unit3Atasteoftravel

1、Unit 3 A taste of travel語(yǔ)法目標(biāo)掃描被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(詳見(jiàn)“語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)詳解”第一條)Grammar 1被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。(1)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的表示：一般式進(jìn)行式完成式現(xiàn)在are doneare being donehave been done過(guò)去were done were being donehad been done將來(lái)will be done will have been done過(guò)去將來(lái)would be donewould have been done(2)一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的表示： 帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子 將帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子轉(zhuǎn)換成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

2、時(shí)，一般把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成主語(yǔ)，保 留賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如： We always keep the classroom clean我們總是保持教室干凈。 The classroom is always kept clean 帶雙賓語(yǔ)的句子將帶雙賓語(yǔ)的句子轉(zhuǎn)換成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，通常有兩種轉(zhuǎn)換方式。一種是將間接賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn) 換成主語(yǔ)，保留直接賓語(yǔ)。第二種是把直接賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成主語(yǔ)，保留間接賓語(yǔ)。此時(shí)， 常需要在間接賓語(yǔ)前面加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。如： We gave him a warm welcome我們熱烈地歡迎他。 He was given a warm welcome Thev bought her a silk

3、 handkerchief as a birthday present他們給她買了一條真絲手帕作為生日禮物。 A silk handkerchief was bought for her as a birthday present【注意】 如果直接賓語(yǔ)是賓語(yǔ)從句或動(dòng)詞不定式，則必須把間接賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成主語(yǔ)。如：Thev told him that he had won the first prize in the singing competition他們告訴他，他在歌詠比賽中得了一等獎(jiǎng)。He was told that he had won the first prize in the sing

4、ing competitionHe taught her how to ride a horse。他教她如何騎馬。She was taught how to ride a horse(3)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)的意義： wash、write、sell、cut、clean、read、look、iron、wear、feel、draw、drive等詞 的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 This book sells very well這本書賣得很好。 The shirt washes easily這件襯衫洗起來(lái)很容易。 The meat cuts easily 這塊肉很容易切。 need、want、requ

5、ire、deserve等詞后面用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 The children need looking after孩子們需要照顧。 The window requires cleaning窗戶需要清潔了。 【拓展】某些動(dòng)詞不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 (1)某些不及物動(dòng)詞，如：happen(發(fā)生)、appear(出現(xiàn))、disappear(消失)、belong(to) (屬于)、rise(上升)等。 (2)表示狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞，如：cost(值)、fit(合適)、lack(缺少)、hold(容納)等。(3)連系動(dòng)詞，如：taste(嘗起來(lái))、smell(聞起來(lái))、turn(變得)等。(4)表示

6、度量的動(dòng)詞，如：measure(有長(zhǎng)寬)、weigh(重)等。 Reading2twist v.盤旋；蜿蜒；曲折 From here, a narrow road twists up to the top of the mountain一條狹窄的小路從這 里盤旋至山頂。 【拓展】n彎曲；扭；擰 3. construction n.建造 【常用搭配】under construction在建造中 Many underground lines are under construction in Shanghai在上海，很多條地鐵線路正在建設(shè)中。 【拓展】 construct v建設(shè) It took

7、four years to construct this suspension bridge.這座斜拉索橋用了四年才建成。 constructive adj建設(shè)性的 When his friends have trouble, they often turn to him because he can give constructive advice. 他的朋友有困難的時(shí)候常常向他求助，因?yàn)樗芴峁┙ㄔO(shè)性的建議。4 take shape 成形 A good idea quickly took shape in her mind她馬上想出了一個(gè)好主意。 【拓展】 shape 使具有的形狀【常用搭

8、配】shapeinto 用做成He shaped the branches into a basket.n 形狀The diamond is in the shape of a heart. 這顆鉆石的形狀像一顆心【注意】 shaped 常用以構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞，意為“有形狀”，如：heart-shaped 心形的5. base n.底座，基礎(chǔ) That lamp with a square base is the most expensive one in the shop. 那臺(tái)有方形底座的燈是店里最貴的物品。 The dish has chicken soup as its base. 這道菜是

9、在雞湯的基礎(chǔ)上做成的。 【擴(kuò)展】 n.基地；根據(jù)地 The soldiers didnt return to the base until midnight. 士兵們直到深夜才返回基地。 v.以為基礎(chǔ)；以為根據(jù) 【必背】 base on / upon 以為基礎(chǔ) The project was based on the young mans creative ideas. 這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是基于這名年輕人有創(chuàng)意的想法而形成的。6. from a distance 從遠(yuǎn)處 Sometimes it is better to appreciate an oil painting from a distanc

10、e. 【拓展】 in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處 They saw a ship in the distance他們看到遠(yuǎn)處有一艘船 keep sb. at a distance 與某人保持相當(dāng)距離；疏遠(yuǎn) He is not welcome in the office because he often keeps others at a distance.他在辦公室里不受歡迎，因?yàn)樗３Ｊ柽h(yuǎn)他人。7. include v.包括；包含 The price includes accommodation and breakfast. 這個(gè)價(jià)格包括住宿和早餐。include. in. 使成為的一

11、部分 The manager suggested that the secretary include some statistics in the report經(jīng)理建議秘書在報(bào)告中引用一些數(shù)據(jù)。【拓展】 inclusion n包括；包含 They did not agree to the inclusion of Tom in the party他們不同意湯姆參加聚會(huì)。 including prep包括 The watch cost me 1，000 yuan including tax這款手表的價(jià)格含稅共一千元。8seal n印章 The seal is made of jade這枚印章是

12、玉制的?！就卣埂?v密封；蓋章于 Small gaps can be sealed with wax小的縫可以用蠟來(lái)密封。 The letter was sealed with glue這封信是用膠水密封的。 9present adj現(xiàn)在的；目前的 The present situation should not be allowed to continue不應(yīng)該允許現(xiàn)在的這種狀況再繼續(xù)下去?！就卣埂?adj出席的；在場(chǎng)的 He wasnt present when the professor gave the lecture教授作講座的時(shí)候他不在場(chǎng)。The teachers present

13、thought highly of the professors lecture在場(chǎng)的老師們高度贊揚(yáng) 了教授所作的講座。 v介紹；引見(jiàn)；贈(zèng)送 Samples are presented free in most of the supermarkets在大多數(shù)超市里，樣品是免費(fèi)贈(zèng)送的。He presented his friends to his parents他把自己的朋友介紹給父母認(rèn)識(shí) n禮物On her 18th birthday, she received many presents. 她十八歲生Et的時(shí)候收到了很多禮物。 n現(xiàn)在；目前 【常用搭配】at present 目前；現(xiàn)在 fo

14、r the present眼前；暫且 The company cant accept new orders at present這家公司目前不能接受新的訂單。 It is unnecessary to talk about it any more for the present暫時(shí)沒(méi)有必要再討論了。【注意】 present作形容詞用時(shí)，既可以作前置定語(yǔ)，也可以作后置定語(yǔ)。作前置定語(yǔ)時(shí)解釋為“現(xiàn)在的；目前的”，而作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)解釋為“出席的；在場(chǎng)的”。10.historical adj歷史的；有關(guān)歷史的 We can learn a lot from historical events我們能從歷史

15、事件中學(xué)到很多。 【拓展】 historic adj有歷史意義的 There are many historic buildings in Beijing北京有很多歷史悠久的建筑。 historian n歷史學(xué)家The boys dream is to become a historian when he grows up這個(gè)小男孩的夢(mèng)想是長(zhǎng) 大了當(dāng)一名歷史學(xué)家。【比較】historic和historical historic意為“具有歷史意義的；在歷史上占重要地位的；歷史悠久的”，而historical意為“有關(guān)歷史的；史學(xué)的”。 Columbus made four historic vo

16、yages哥倫布進(jìn)行了四次有歷史意義的遠(yuǎn)航。Columbus is a historical figure哥倫布是一個(gè)歷史人物。 11.civilization n文明 The Chinese have a brilliant civilization behind them中國(guó)人民有悠久的文化傳統(tǒng)?！就卣埂縞ivilize v使文明；使有教養(yǎng)Art and culture can help civilize a person藝術(shù)和文化可以幫助一個(gè)人變得有教養(yǎng)。civilized adj文明的；有教養(yǎng)的 Reading good books will make a person more ci

17、vilized。閱讀好書將使一個(gè)人變得更 有教養(yǎng)。12.preserve v保存；保藏；保護(hù) The government has taken measures to preserve the ancient buildings in-the city 市政府已采取措施保護(hù)城中的古建筑?！就卣埂?preservation n保存；保護(hù)Everyone should do his or her part for the preservation of wild life每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該為 保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物盡自己的一份力。13.admit v準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入【常用搭配】admit somebody tointo

18、允許某人進(jìn)入；吸收某人參加Visitors are not admitted to the museum after 5 pm下午五點(diǎn)以后游客不允許進(jìn)入博 物館?！就卣埂?v. 承認(rèn)He admitted his mistake他承認(rèn)了自己的錯(cuò)誤。admission n允許進(jìn)入；承認(rèn) He paid 5 yuan for admission to the exhibition他花了五元錢買了張展覽會(huì)的門票。 The boy made an admission that he broke the window男孩承認(rèn)是他打破了窗戶。14attract v吸引The art exhibition

19、attracted a lot of visitors藝術(shù)展吸引了大批參觀者?！就卣埂?attraction n吸引；吸引物The young singers music has much attraction for teenagers這個(gè)年輕歌手的音樂(lè)對(duì) 青少年有很大的吸引力。China is a country with many tourist attractions中國(guó)是一個(gè)擁有許多旅游勝地的國(guó)家。attractive adj有吸引力的 Goods on sale always seem attractive to the old lady打折的商品總是對(duì)這位老婦人 有很大的吸引力。

20、More reading 15remains n遺跡 The professor is very interested in studying the remains of ancient Rome教授對(duì)研究 古羅馬的遺跡很感興趣。 【拓展】 n剩余物 In her family，the remains of supper is often thrown away在她家，吃剩下的晚飯常 常被倒掉。 n遺體 The writers remains were laid in a church作家的遺體被安葬在教堂。 remain v剩下；保持 Because of a heart attack，t

21、he old man was advised to remain indoors a week由于心臟病發(fā)，老人被建議在室內(nèi)休養(yǎng)一周。 16access v.到達(dá)；進(jìn)入 Visitors were asked to access the building through the back door訪客被要求從后門 進(jìn)入大樓。 【拓展】 n通道；(使用或見(jiàn)到的)機(jī)會(huì)，權(quán)利 The only access to the village is cut off進(jìn)入村莊的唯一通道被切斷了。 accessible adj可以進(jìn)入的；易接近的 Young parents should make sure t

22、hat medicine is not accessible to their children年輕的父母?jìng)儜?yīng)該確保藥品放在孩子們拿不到的地方。17empire n帝國(guó) The Roman Empire used to be very powerful古羅馬帝國(guó)曾經(jīng)十分強(qiáng)大。 【拓展】 emperor n.皇帝18ruin n. 廢墟；遺跡【必背】 fall into ruin 毀壞；崩潰 Many ancient buildings fell into ruin in the earthquake許多古代建筑物在地震中被毀壞。 【拓展】 v毀壞 The storm ruined the cr

23、ops暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了莊稼。19overlook v俯瞰；眺望 The managers office room overlooks the sea經(jīng)理的房間可以俯瞰大海。 【拓展】 v忽略；錯(cuò)過(guò) He overlooked the chance to go abroad for further study他錯(cuò)過(guò)了去國(guó)外留學(xué)的 機(jī)會(huì)。 20wonder n奇跡 The Great Wall in Beijing is a world wonder北京的長(zhǎng)城是一大世界奇跡。 【拓展】 n驚訝She looked at him with great wonder她無(wú)比驚訝地看著他。v感到驚訝；想知道【

24、常用搭配】wonder at對(duì)感到驚訝 They wondered at his reaction to the surprising news他對(duì)這則驚人消息的反應(yīng)使他們感到驚訝。 She was wondering how to get there quickly她當(dāng)時(shí)在想如何最快地到達(dá)那兒?；顚W(xué)活用 A. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. Change the form where necessary.preserve overlook abandon hold historicaltwist

25、 admit take shape landscape attract1. The Great Wall _ across the mountain chains just tike a snake.2. The house where Lu Xun once lived is _as a museum.3. The newly-built stadium can _more than 10,000 people.4. The government decided to build a university here. The project began in 1996 and the sch

26、ool finally_ by the end of last century.5. The scenery of Zhangjiajie(張家界) in Hunan Province is like a beautiful_painting.6. This is a _event which we will never forget.7. The foreigner was _ by the traditional Chinese culture.8. He has been _to Fudan University.9. They _their research for lack of f

27、und.10. The hotel we stayed at _the sea.B. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1. 在炎熱的夏天，保護(hù)食物最有效的方法是將食物放在冰箱里。(preserve)2. 投資商決定放棄這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。 (abandon) 3.據(jù)說(shuō)他沒(méi)有參加高考就被一所大學(xué)錄取了。 (admit)4.游客們被漓江的風(fēng)景所吸引。 (attract)5.布達(dá)拉宮的建造是個(gè)奇跡。 (construction)6.學(xué)生們必須有機(jī)會(huì)讀

28、到好書。 (access)7.站在山頭，我們可以俯瞰整個(gè)村莊。 (overlook)8.作為孩子們的保姆，她的任務(wù)包括哄他們睡覺(jué)。(include)9.多做練習(xí)，你就能成功地通過(guò)考試。 (and)10.許多城市建筑在地震中成為廢墟。 (fall into ruin)能力訓(xùn)練場(chǎng).Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirection: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At each conversation, a

29、question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Which flower is the bes

30、t. B. The color of the flowers.C. The price of flowers. D. Which flower they like best.2. A. The man can correct his mistake later.B. The man answered two questions correctly.C. The man cant change his answer now.D. The man is very happy because he answered easily.3. A. A film on television.B. An ar

31、ticle in the newspaper.C. A meeting with someone.D. A match between Shanghai team and Japanese team.4. A. Exactly a week. B. About a week. C. More than two weeks. D. No more than a week.5. A. Look for Bill. B. Go with Bill.C. Visit Bill. D. Phone Bill.6. A. The woman needs a rest.B. The woman should

32、 see a doctor.C. The woman should take some medicine.D. The woman should go to school.7. A. She is not taking English class.B. Shell only give him part of her notes.C. She is willing to lend him her notes.D. She is unwilling to lend him her notes.8. A. She likes sweet things, too. B. She doesnt like

33、 salty thingsC. She doesnt like sweet things, either.D. She doesnt like anything. 9. A. She waited in a wrong place. B. She took a wrong bus. C. The traffic was very busy. D. She went there on foot.10. A. At home. C. In a hotel. B. In a department store. D. In a park.Section B PassageDirections: In

34、Section B, you will hear one passage. After you hear the passage, fill in thenumbered blanks with the missing words. (One word for each blank.)Many people come to big cities without knowing why. A city (11 ) _themjust because of its (12)_ People often think that they will find work there.Some of the

35、m have dreams of (13)_in arts or in music, but others just want-tobe in a place where there are always a lot of things going on. Many of them work in(14)_or factories, but some (15) _ (16)_without anyjob at all. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there

36、 are four choices marked A, B, Cand D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1. He made a round-the-world_.A. journey B. travel C. voyage D. tour2. According to the information, the newly constructed highway is_.A. long fifty kilometers B. long about fifty kilometersC. about fifty k

37、ilometers long D. in fifty kilometers of long3. Every teacher and student _to plant a tree in the school.A. has been told B. has told C. have been told D. have told4. The foreigners said they Pu Dong New Area soon after they arrived next month.A. had visited B. will visit C. would visit D. visited5.

38、 When _the forest fire which lasted three weeks out?A. did; put B. has; put C. has; been put D. was; put6. Our school, which _in 1898, is one of the oldest schools in Shanghai.A. found B. was found C. was founded D. founded7. The news that volunteer workers will go to homes for the aged _now.A. is b

39、eing talked about B. are being talked aboutC. is being talked D. are being talked8. Shall I go and get Dr Brown?No, he_.A. has been sent for B. had been sent forC would be sent for D. is sent for 9.The last time when we passed by, many old houses_.A. has been pulled down B. are being pulled downC. w

40、ere being pulled down D. would be pulled down10. The Great Wall snakes over the mountain chains, and is regarded as one of the mostbeautiful tourist _in the world.A. interests B. attractions C. places D. directions11. Traditional values and cultures have been _ well in some parts of our country.A. p

41、reserved B. saved C. involved D. preventedI2. A mans dreams can only be a _ of his subconsciousness .A. shape B. reflection C. scenery D. view13.The cost of the material is _in the bill for the work.A. held B. included C. kept D. packed14. He suddenly _off the bicycle and luckily he was not injured.

42、A. fell B. fallen C. falled D.felled15. If you climb up the peak of the mountain, you can enjoy a superb _ of the city. A. sight B. view C. scene D. landscape16. The flowers in the garden look_and smell _ A. wonderful; sweet B. nice; badlyC. beautiful; better D. good; well17. Professor White has wri

43、tten some stories, but he is_ known for his plays.A. the best B. moreC. better D. the most18.How often do you go to the library? - _A. In two days B. Every few days C. Each third day D. After a few days 19. It was difficult for me to_ the final conclusion at once.A. come B. draw C. reach D. arrive20

44、. His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazine he_.A. had long been expected B. had long expectedC. has long expected D. was long expectedSection BDirections; Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canonly be used once. Note that there is one word mo

45、re than you need.A. likely F. remainsB. common G. driveC. necessary H. closelyD. sense I. occursE. usual J. neededThe family is a central institution of modern British society, at least in the 1 that almost everybody has had experience of living in a family for some time in their lives. There are ma

46、ny different family patterns in modern Britain.One pattern that was 2 in the 1950s and covers about one in eight families today is where the parents and married children live 3 together but in separate houses. The family bond 4 strong and mothers and daughters are 5 to meet each other most days to t

47、alk or help each other when 6 . This pattern 7 more often in settled communities rather than in mobile ones, in the north of England rather than in the south, and in working class rather than in middle-class families.Another pattern is where parents and married children live further apart( usually a

48、bout an hours car 8 from each other). They may meet only once or twice a month but keep in contact by telephone and help each other when 9 . This pattern is growing and covers about half of the population. It is found especially in middle-class families in the southeast of England. Reading Comprehen

49、sionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Cambridge(劍橋) Centre for Chinese Culture and China Travel Service gave us1 excellent tour of Beijing, Xian,H

50、angzhou, Suzhou and Shanghai that we are already planning for our return for the 2008 Beijing Olympics. It is hard to tell our rich experiences, 2 a few stand out; The American TV, radios, newspaper do not 3 China very well. 4 we have read of the economic reforms, we have no idea of the scale(規(guī)模) of these changes. Beijing grows every day. This is also true in Xian. And when we got to Shanghai, one of the most exciting modern cities in the world, we felt 5 we were seeing the future rather than the