數(shù)量增減翻譯

1、數(shù)量增減的翻譯一、數(shù)字增減的譯法：1.句式特征：by名詞比較級thanthe wire is by three inches longer than that one. 這根導(dǎo)線比那根長3英寸。2.句式特征：表示增減意義的動詞to+n.譯為：增加到?；驕p少到。 metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50. 金屬切割機已經(jīng)減少到50臺。數(shù)量增減的翻譯二、百分?jǐn)?shù)增減的表示法與譯法二、百分?jǐn)?shù)增減的表示法與譯法1. 表示增減意義的動詞the output value has increased 35%. 產(chǎn)值增加了352. 表示增減意義的動詞byr

2、etail salses should rise by 8%。 商品零售額應(yīng)增加3the prime cost decreased by 60%. 主要成本減少603. 表示減少意義的動詞to+%表示減少后剩余的數(shù)量by using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%. 采用這種新工藝，鐵的損失量減少到20數(shù)量增減的翻譯4. 比較級 than表示凈增減的數(shù)量retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year. 今年零售額與去年相比，有望增加9

3、。5. 比較級 名詞表示凈減數(shù)the new-type machine wasted 10 percent energy supplied. 新型機械能耗量凈減106. a + % + increase表示凈增數(shù)there is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.與去年相比，今年鋼產(chǎn)量凈增207. + (of) 名詞（代詞）表示凈減數(shù)，數(shù)字n照譯the production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年產(chǎn)值僅為去年的608. %up on 或over表示凈增數(shù)the

4、 grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978. 去年糧食產(chǎn)量比1978年凈增20數(shù)量增減的翻譯三、英語倍數(shù)句型及其譯法三、英語倍數(shù)句型及其譯法英語表示倍數(shù)增減或倍數(shù)對比的句型多種多樣，其中有 一些（如下文中的句型、（12） 等， 見圈碼）很容易譯錯其主要原因在于：英漢兩語在表述或?qū)Ρ缺稊?shù)方面存在著語言與思維差異。倍數(shù)增加 (一) a is n times as great（long，much，）as b.（） a is n times greater （longer， more，）t

5、han b.（） a is n times the size （length， amount，）of b.() 以上三句都應(yīng)譯為；a的大?。ㄩL度，數(shù)量，）是b的n倍或a比b大（長，多，）n-1倍. eg. this book is three times as long as （three times longer than，three times the length of ）that one. 這本書的篇幅是那本書的3倍（即長兩倍）。 注：當(dāng)相比的對象b很明顯時，than（as，of）b常被省去。 數(shù)量增減的翻譯（二）increase to n times（） increase n tim

6、esn-fold（） increase by n times（） increase by a factor of n（） 以上四式均應(yīng)譯為：增加到n倍（或：增加n-1倍）。 eg. the production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year. 集成電路的產(chǎn)量比去年增加了兩倍。 eg. the output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986 化肥產(chǎn)量比1986年增

7、加了4倍。 數(shù)量增減的翻譯eg. that can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. 那可使代謝率提高到原來的2倍或3倍（即提高1倍或2倍）。 eg. the drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. 漏電壓增加了3倍（即增加到原來的4倍）。 注：在這類句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等詞所替代。 數(shù)量增減的翻譯倍數(shù)減少 （一）a is n times as small （light，slow，）as b.（12）

8、 a is n times smaller （lighter， slower，) than b.（13） 以上兩句均應(yīng)譯為：a的大?。ㄖ亓?，速度，）是b的1/n或a比b?。ㄝp，慢，）（n-1）/n。 eg. the hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom. 氫原子的重量約為氧原子的1/16（即比氧原子約輕15/16）。 eg. this sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper. 這種薄膜比普通紙張要薄一半（即是普通紙厚度的1/2）。 注：當(dāng)相比的

9、對象b很明顯時，than/as b常被省去。 數(shù)量增減的翻譯（二）decrease n times/n-fold （14） decrease by n times（15） decrease by a factor of n（16） 以上三式均譯為：減少到1/n或：減少(n-1)/n。 decrease常被reduce， shorten， goslow down等詞替代。 eg. switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times. 新型晶體管的開關(guān)時間縮短了1/3（即縮短到2/3）。 eg. when the volta

10、ge is stepped up by ten times the strength of the current is stepped down by ten times. 電壓升高9倍，電流強度便降低9/10（即90）。 數(shù)量增減的翻譯（三）there is a n-fold decrease/reduction 應(yīng)譯為：減至1/n 或：減少（n一1）/n。（17） 這個句型還有其它一些形式， eg. a rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed 發(fā)現(xiàn)迅速減少到1/7。 eg. the principal advantage of the p

11、roducts is a two-fold reduction in weight. 這些產(chǎn)品的主要優(yōu)點是重量減輕了1/2。 將下列句子譯成英語1速度等于距離與時間之比。速度等于距離與時間之比。2本文對其性能做了初步的分析。本文對其性能做了初步的分析。3該電阻器上的電壓為總電壓的該電阻器上的電壓為總電壓的3/54這個系數(shù)比那個小這個系數(shù)比那個小10倍倍5這里使用了兩種方法的結(jié)合來設(shè)計共發(fā)放大這里使用了兩種方法的結(jié)合來設(shè)計共發(fā)放大氣（氣（common-emitter amplifier）6在這種情況下，每個部件底部的壓力是相同在這種情況下，每個部件底部的壓力是相同的，所以該系統(tǒng)處于平衡狀態(tài)。的，

12、所以該系統(tǒng)處于平衡狀態(tài)。線圖：line / curve chartn極值：峰值：peak (v. & n.), summit (v. & n.), highest point 谷值：touch the bottom (v.), nadir (n.), lowest point n穩(wěn)定時期：plateau (n.高原), lower stationary phase (低穩(wěn)時期) na possible answer: (band 6.5) according to the curve chart, daily electricity need is higher in winter (38,0

13、00 units on average) than in summer (18,000 units on average). in winter, electricity consumption peaks at 2:00 am and 10:00 pm while it touches the bottom at 0:00 am and 8:00 am. on the other hand, in summer, it summits at 2:00 pm and 11:00 pm, but has a nadir at 9:00 am and a lower stationary phas

14、e from 4:00 pm to 9:00 pm.1 speed is equal to the ratio of distance to time.2 an initial analysis of its performance has been made in this paper.3 the voltage across this resistor is three-fifths (of) the total voltage.4 this coefficient is a factor of 11 times less than that one.5 here a combinatio

15、n of the two methods is used to design a common-emitter amplifier.6 in this case,the pressure at the bottom of each component is the same, so the system is in balance.圖形作文n按照圖形的種類（柱、線、餅、表和流程圖）進(jìn)行分類講解，線圖時側(cè)重數(shù)據(jù)的動態(tài)變化描述，餅圖時可能需要重點講解百分比表達(dá)，表格數(shù)據(jù)較多時可能需要講到數(shù)據(jù)分類的思路等。另一種方式是按照數(shù)據(jù)的體現(xiàn)形式（橫比、縱比、百分比）進(jìn)行思路和語言的總結(jié)。 n圖：chart,

16、 graph, diagramn線：line / curve chartn柱圖：bar / column graphn餅：pie diagramn表：table / statistics / figuresthe bar graph demonstrates that the most uk visitors went to france and spain, which were 11.0 and 9.5 million. also, many british travelers were attracted by the usa (4.0 million), greece (3.5 mil

17、lion) and turkey (2.0 million). n復(fù)雜柱圖:bar / column graph復(fù)雜柱圖:bar / column graphn90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men, compared with only 10% of women. more women held undergraduate diplomas (70%) and marginally more women reached degree level (55%). men with postgraduate diplo

18、mas clearly outnumbered their female counterparts (70% and 30% respectively) 餅圖：pie diagramn“占”： occupy be shared by account for be responsible for be in charge of be in the charge of 百分比: a small percentage of (x%) a quarter of the minority of (x%)(小部分) half of the majority of (x%) most of (x%) one

19、-fifth of a possible answer: (band 6.5) 餅圖：pie diagramnthe pie graph demonstrates that heating rooms and water occupies the majority of electricity consumption (52.5%). then, 17.5% of the electricity demand is shared by ovens, kettles and washing machines. lighting, tv, radio and vacuum cleaners, food mixers, electric tools are responsible for the rest, with 15% each. 表格：table / statistics / figures表格：table / statistics / figuresn數(shù)字引入：圖表引用數(shù)字的三種主要方法 分詞短語： on average, 11% of all households, comprising alm