演講的藝術(shù)chapter6

1、stephen e. lucasc h a p t e rmcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.6supporting your ideas by ada pan oct. 2012slide 2mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.purposes of supporting materialstea is popular.large quantities of tea are consumed by people around the globe.

2、 tea is second only to water as the worlds most consumed beverage. more tea is consumed each year than all other manufactured drinks in the world put together, including coffee, chocolate, soft drinks and alcohol. total tea consumption is 4 billion kilograms annually.slide 3mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen

3、e. lucas. all rights reserved.learning objectives: supporting your ideas by: examples statisticstestimony slide 4mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.key terms supporting materialsexample (brief ,extended , hypothetical )statistics (single, multiple)testimony (expert, peer)slide 5m

4、cgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.purposes of supporting materials clarity vividness credibilityslide 6mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.types of supporting materials 1 2 3slide 7mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.examples brief extended a

5、ctual hypotheticalslide 8mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.tips for using examples make examples vivid and richly textured reinforce examples with statistic or testimonyslide 9mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.narration personal third-person second slide 10m

6、cgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.statistics single multiple tips: slide 11mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.statistics dont rely exclusively on statistics. use representative statistics identify the sources of statistics form reliable sources round off. expl

7、ain statistics use presentational aids. stress their impact.slide 12mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.testimony direct quotation paraphraseslide 13mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.testimonytips:quote or paraphrasequote or paraphrase accurately form qualifie

8、d/unbiased sourcesidentify the people you quote or paraphrase slide 14mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.tests of evidence is the evidence quoted in context? is the source of the evidence an expert? is the source of the evidence unbiased? is the evidence relevant to the point? is

9、 the evidence specific? is the evidence sufficient to prove the point? is the evidence timely?slide 15mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.evaluating electronic information purpose expertise objectivity accuracy timelinessslide 16mcgraw-hill 2007 stephen e. lucas. all rights reserved.citing your sources“oral footnotes”. . . enhance the credibility of what you say. help lis