(英語)高考英語翻譯解題技巧講解及練習(xí)題(含答案)

1、英語)高考英語翻譯解題技巧講解及練習(xí)題 (含答案 )一、高中英語翻譯1高中英語翻譯題： 翻譯句子(only 狀語從句 )1只有當(dāng)我們了解了不同的肢體語言我們才可以很好地跟人們交流。2這就是我們未來的生活。 (what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 )【答案】1 Only when we have mastered the different body languages can we communicate well with them.2 This is what our life will be like in the future.【解析】【分析】 本大題為根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的要求把漢語句子翻譯成英語。翻譯

2、時盡可能地精確，按照要求翻譯 還要注意某些特殊的語法項目。如倒裝句式等。1考查倒裝句式。本大題要求用 only+ 狀語從句來翻譯。 Only+狀語從句置于句首，主句要 部分倒裝。因此本句要翻譯成部分倒裝。同時要注意運用短語如肢體語言可譯成“bodylanguages ，”與某人交流可譯為 “ communicate with 。因”此本句可譯為 Only when we have mastered the different body languages can we communicate well with them 。2考查由 what 引導(dǎo)的名詞從句。分析句子可知，本句是一個表語從句，

3、表語從句中的介 詞 like 缺少賓語，可用 what 引導(dǎo)。因此本句可譯為： This is what our life will be like in the future.2高中英語翻譯題： Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1一股誘人的味道喚起了我們遙遠(yuǎn)的記憶。(remind) 2每個人應(yīng)當(dāng)牢記 :己所不欲，勿施于人。 (mind)3他如此醉心于古文化研究，這幾年一直以健康為代價堅持工作著。(So) 4不久之后，地鐵 5 號線奉賢段即將通車，這讓翹首

4、以盼的奉賢人民激動不已。 (before)【答案】1 An inviting smell reminds us of the distant memories.2 Everyone should bear/keep in mind that we should treat people the way (in which/that) we want to be treated.3 So absorbed/devoted is he in/to the study of ancient cultures that he has persevered/perseveres in working a

5、t the cost of his health these years.4 It won' t be long before the Underground/Subway/Metro Line 5 in Fengxian is open to traffic, which excites the Fengxian people who have been looking/are looking forward to it. 【解析】1固定詞組： remind sb. of sth. 提醒某“人某物 ”，再結(jié)合所給漢語可知答案為 An inviting smell reminds us

6、 of the distant memories.2固定詞組： bear/keep in mind 記住“”，后面是 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，且從句中包含 the way 作先行詞的定語從句，再根據(jù)所給漢語可知答案為Everyone should bear/keep in mindthat we should treat people the way (in which/that) we want to be treated.3句中 so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句， “ so形+容詞 ”位于句子開頭，則主句用部分倒裝，再 根據(jù)所給漢語可知答案為 So absorbed/devoted is

7、 he in/to the study of ancient cultures that he has persevered/perseveres in working at the cost of his health these years.4句中使用固定句式 It won 't be long befo-r-e“不久之后就 ”，再根據(jù)所給漢語可知答案 為 It won ' t be long before the Underground/Subway/Metro Line 5 in Fengxian is open to traffic, which excites th

8、e Fengxian people who have been looking/are looking forward to it.【點睛】淺談兩點部分倒裝1. “ s形o+容詞或副詞 ”位于句首時的倒裝：副詞 so 后接形容詞或副詞位于句首時，其后用部分倒裝：如： So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天氣太冷，我們只好呆在家里。2. “ S助o+動詞 +主語 ”倒裝： 當(dāng)要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情況也同樣適合于后者，通常就要用“So助+動詞 +主語”這種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：如： You are young and so am I.

9、 你年輕，我也年輕。注： (1)若前面提出某一否定的情況，要表示后者也屬于同樣的否定情況，則應(yīng)將其中的so改為 neither 或 nor ：如： You aren't young and neither am I. 你不年輕，我也不年輕。 (2)注意該結(jié)構(gòu)與表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或同意的 “ so主+語 +特殊動詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別： 如： "It was cold yesterday." "So it was." 昨天很冷“。 ”的“確很冷。 ”3高中英語翻譯題： Translate the following sentences into English,

10、using the words given in the brackets.1很多人對他們的潛能一無所知。 (ignorant)2這些政策在一定程度上對該地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退負(fù)有責(zé)任。(extent)3自古以來老百姓就希望天下太平，同各國人民友好相處。 (long for) 4青少年問題的發(fā)展趨勢值得我們關(guān)注和研究，也值得整個社會群策群力，共商對策。(which)【答案】1 Many people are totally ignorant of their potential (abilities/talents).2 These policies are to some extent respon

11、sible for the region's economic decline.3 Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries./Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship

12、.4 The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions. 【解析】1考查 ignorant 相關(guān)用法和時態(tài)。分析句子可知，句子為一般現(xiàn)在時，謂語動詞為beignorant of. 不知道“”、“不懂”。結(jié)合漢意，故翻譯為： Many people are totally ignora

13、nt of their potential (abilities/talents).2考查 extent 的相關(guān)用法和時態(tài)。分析句子可知，句子為一般現(xiàn)在時，謂語動詞為 be responsible for ， to some extent 某一“定程度上”為固定短語。結(jié)合漢意。故翻譯為：Thesepolicies are to some extent responsible for the region's economic decline.3考查動詞短語和時態(tài)。分析句子可知，由句中的Since ancient times 可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成時，謂語動詞為 long for “渴 望

14、”，所以用 have longed for 。結(jié)合漢意。故翻譯為 Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries./Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship.4考查關(guān)系代詞。分析句子

15、可知，本句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，The developing trend ofyouth/adolescent/teenager problems 為主語，謂語為 deserve。本句還涉及非限制性定語從 句，非限制性定語從句為一般現(xiàn)在時。The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenagerproblems 為定語從句的先行詞，在定語從句中作 deserve 的主語，所以關(guān)系代詞為 which。 結(jié)合漢意。故翻譯為： The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves

16、our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions.4高中英語翻譯題： Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1女孩子們沒有必要在深夜為了省錢而去拼車。(need n.)2在現(xiàn)代社會中，年輕人承受著巨大的壓力，這會導(dǎo)致平均壽命的縮短。(which)3他在聯(lián)合國大會上關(guān)于消除性別歧視的演講

17、獲得了高度贊揚。(compliment)4他在最后期限到之前全身心投入論文的寫作，最終因為勞累病了。( down)答案】1 There is no need for girls to share a car at midnight to save money.2 Young people are under a lot of stress in the modern society, which will result in/ cause/ lead to the shortening of average life expectance.3 His speech on eliminating

18、 gender prejudice at the conference in the United Nations received great compliments.4 He had been devoted to the essay writing before the deadline and eventually was down with tiredness.【解析】【分析】 本題考查翻譯句子，注意一些固定短語和固定句型的使用，同時也要注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)及非 謂語動詞。1本題的難點在于 There is no need for sb to do 句型，注意拼車可以用 share a c

19、ar 來表示。 2本題的難點在于非限定性定語從句的使用，under stress 表示 “承受壓力 ”。3本題需要注意 compliment 是可數(shù)名詞，此處要使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。4本題需要注意 be devoted to 后需要接動名詞或名詞作賓語， be down with 表示 “由于 病倒了 ”。5高中英語翻譯題： Translate the following sentences 1學(xué)生在英語寫作中詞不達(dá)意的現(xiàn)象值得每位英語教師關(guān)注。(worth)2下周一整周都可以用肉眼觀察到火星，這讓很多天文(astronomy) 愛好者欣喜若狂。(visible)3應(yīng)當(dāng)鼓勵孩子從小接觸音樂，音樂一直被

20、認(rèn)為是靈感的恒久源泉。source4中日兩國的共同利益遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于分歧，對話與合作始終是兩國關(guān)系的主流。(outweigh )【答案】1 The phenomenon that students can' t convey/express their ideas is worth paying attention toby every English teacher.2 Mars will be visible to the naked eye all week next week, which makes many astronomy lovers wild with joy.3 Kid

21、s should be encouraged to be exposed to/ expose themselves to music from an early age because music is regarded as an enduring source of inspiration.4 The common interests between China and Japan far outweigh their differences, so dialogueand cooperation should remain the main stream of their relati

22、ons. 【解析】【分析】 考查句子翻譯。1考查固定短語和名詞性從句。固定短語be worth doing sth. 值得做“某事 ”， pay attentionto “對的注意 ”，本句為同位語從句修飾先行詞 phenomenon 。故翻譯為 The phenomenon that stude nts can ' t convey/express their ideas is worth paying attention to by every English teacher.。2考查固定短語和定語從句。固定短語be visible to 所“看見的 ”， wild with jo

23、y 欣喜“若狂”，本句為非限定性定語從句修飾主句，且主句為一般將來時，從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。故 翻譯為 Mars will be visible to the naked eye all week next week, which makes many astronomy lovers wild with joy. 。3考查固定短語和狀語從句。固定短語be exposed to/expose oneself to 接觸 “”， anenduring source of inspiration 靈感的恒久“源泉 ”， be regarded as 被視“為 ”，本句為原因狀 語從句，從句為一般現(xiàn)在

24、時。故翻譯為Kids should be encouraged to be exposed to/ exposethemselves to music from an early age because music is regarded as an enduring source of inspiration. 。4考查固定短語。固定短語 far outweigh 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)“大于 ”， the main stream 主“流 ”。本句應(yīng)用一 般現(xiàn)在時。故翻譯為 The common interests between China and Japan far outweigh their diff

25、erences, so dialogue and cooperation should remain the main stream of their relations. 。6高中英語翻譯題： Directions:Translate the following sentences into English ， using the words given in the brackets.1新的路標(biāo)似乎杜絕了可能發(fā)生的交通事故。(seem)2七十周年閱兵式壯觀的景象將永遠(yuǎn)銘刻在我的腦海里。(impress)3由某些如軟塑料或金屬等材料制成的容器，不適合用微波爐加熱食物，這是常識。( It)4不

26、管我們多么強(qiáng)烈地不認(rèn)同他人觀點，尊重其表達(dá)的權(quán)利和寬容他們的想法是學(xué)校應(yīng)該鼓勵和提倡的價值觀。( no matter)【答案】1 The new road sign seemed/seems to be preventing/stop possible car accidents (from happening)2 The grand sight of the 70 anniversary military parade will be forever impressed on my mind.3 It is common sense that containers made of/from

27、certain materials, such as soft plastic or metal, are not appropriate for heating up food in the microwave.4 No matter how strongly we (may) disagree with others， r'es pveiecwt fpoori nthtseir right toexpress themselves and tolerance for/of their ideas are the values schools should encourage and

28、 promote.【解析】 【分析】 本題考查翻譯句子，注意按括號內(nèi)的提示詞翻譯。1考查固定句式。 seem to do表示“似乎、好像 ”，并沒有明顯的時間狀語，既可用一般現(xiàn) 在時，也可用一般過去時，注意主語為new road sign ，使用一般現(xiàn)在時時謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故翻譯為： The new road sign seemed/seems to be preventing/stop possible car accidents (from happening)2考查 impress 的用法。 be impressed on one's mind 表示 “銘記于心 /

29、腦海 ”，語境表明用一 般將來時，故翻譯為： The grand sight of the 70 anniversary military parade will be forever impressed on my mind.3考查形式主語和同位語從句。 be made of/from 表示 “由制成 ”，根據(jù)提示詞可知本句 用 it 作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的同位語從句，解釋說明common sense 的內(nèi)容，從句成分完整，用 that 僅起連接作用，無實義，陳述的是客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，故翻譯 為： It is common sense that containers made

30、of/from certain materials, such as soft plastic or metal, are not appropriate for heating up food in the microwave.4考查讓步狀語從句和非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句意可知本句使用No matter how 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示 “不管怎樣、無論如何 ”， disagree with 表示“不認(rèn)同”，respect for 表示“尊重”， right 后用不定式作后置定語，表示 “的權(quán)利 ”，故翻譯為： No matter how strongly we(may) disagree with

31、 others' v，iewrepsopinetcst for their right to express themselves and tolerance for/of their ideas are the values schools should encourage and promote.7高中英語翻譯題： Translation1按照慣例，參與批改考卷的老師不能使用任何電子設(shè)備。(access)2每天僅準(zhǔn)許兩百名游客進(jìn)入博物館參觀，因為里面陳列的物品極其珍貴。(admit)3直到獲悉兒子被心儀的私立小學(xué)錄取時，這個多愁善感的媽媽才松了一口氣。 (It ) 4忠言逆耳利于行

32、，這個道理盡人皆知，但是這個固執(zhí)的老頭是否有可能會聽從你的建議 呢？ (possibility) 【答案】1 According to practices, the teachers who are involved in correcting have no access to any electronic devices.2 Every day, only 200 visitors can be admitted to the museum, because the items displayed inside are extremely precious.3 It was not unt

33、il she learned her son had been admitted to the elementary school she favored that the sentimental mother breathed a relief.s behavior is wide4 The truth that faithful advice is unpleasant to the ear but benefits one acknowledged, but is there any possibility that the stubborn old men will follow yo

34、ur advice? 【解析】【分析】 本題考查翻譯句子，注意使用括號內(nèi)給出的提示詞。1考查定語從句。根據(jù)句意可知本句使用who 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，關(guān)系代詞 who 指代先行詞 the teachers ，并在從句中作主語，本句使用的三個關(guān)鍵短語為：according to 表示 “按照”，be involved in 表示“參與”，have no access to 表示“不能使用 ”，陳述的是客觀事實，應(yīng) 該用一般現(xiàn)在時，故翻譯為： According to practices, the teachers who are involved in correcting have no acce

35、ss to any electronic devices. 2考查非謂語動詞和原因狀語從句。根據(jù)句意可知本句用because 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，the items 與 display 之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，表示被動，用過去分詞作后置定語， be admitted to 表示 “準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入 ”，陳述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時，故翻譯為：Everyday, only 200 visitors can be admitted to the museum, because the items displayed inside are extremely precious.3考查 not until

36、 的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和賓語從句。根據(jù)句意可知本句使用not until 的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為： it is not until+ 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 +that+其余部分， be admitted to 表示 “準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入、 被錄取”，陳述的是過去的事情，應(yīng)該用一般過去時， learned 后為賓語從句，從句成分 完整，所以用 that 引導(dǎo)，而且 admitted to 發(fā)生在 learned 之前，也就是過去的過去，所以 賓語從句用過去完成時，故翻譯為：It was not until she learned her son had been admitted tothe elementary scho

37、ol she favored that the sentimental mother breathed a relief. 4考查同位語從句。根據(jù)句意可知本句的前后兩個分句均使用同位語從句，從句成分完 整，用 that 僅起連接作用，無實義，解釋說明 truth 和 possibility 的內(nèi)容，陳述的是客觀事 實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，故翻譯為： The truth that faithful advice is unpleasant to the ear but benefits one ' s behavior is widely acknowledged, but is there

38、any possibility that the stubborn old men will follow your advice?8高中英語翻譯題： Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 1就是周三那天他帶了盒飯到學(xué)校，為此大家很驚語. (it)2我們現(xiàn)在所做的一切是為了今后服務(wù)于社會，所以這些勢力值得付出。(worth)3這是第一次外籍人士在中國為如此重要的代表大會參與翻譯工作。(involve )4每次我對下一步該做什么心里沒錯的時候，我的一些好友一定會過

39、來鼎力力相助的。(loss)【答案】1 It was Wednesday when he brought a prepared meal to school, which surprised the others. 2 All the things we are doing now are for the service we offer for the society in the future, so these efforts are worth paying.3 This is the first time that a foreigner is involved in the tra

40、nslation work in such important representative conference in China.4 Every time I am at a loss for what I should do next, some of my best friend will certainly be there to give me a hand.【解析】1考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，when 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句修飾 Wednesday 并在從句中做狀語， which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句并在從句中做主語；再根據(jù)語境可知，句子陳述 的是過去的動作，故用一般過去時。綜上

41、，故譯成 It was Wednesday when he brought a prepared meal to school, which surprised the others.2考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，we are doing now 是定語從句修飾 all the things ，we offer for the society in the future 是定語從句修飾 the service ， so 是并列連詞，前句是 因，后句是果；再根據(jù)句意可知， be worth doing 意為 “做是值得的 ”；再根據(jù)語境可知，句子陳述的是事實信息，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。綜上，故譯成

42、 All the things we are doing now are for the service we offer for the society in the future, so these efforts are worth paying. 3考查固定句型。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，this is the first time that 是固定句型， that 后時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時；根據(jù)句意可知， be involved in 意為 “涉及到 ”；此句翻譯時需注意幾個地點狀 語的排列(由小及大)，綜上，故譯成This is the first time that a foreigner h

43、as been involvedin the translation work in such important representative conference in China.4考查 every time 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，every time 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句， what 引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中做賓語；再根據(jù)句意可知， at a loss意為 “不知所 措”，give sb. a hand 意為“幫助某人 ”；再根據(jù)語境可知，句子陳述的是事實信息，故用一般 現(xiàn)在時。綜上，故譯成 Every time I am at a loss for what I shou

44、ld do next, some of my best friend will certainly be there to give me a hand.9高中英語翻譯題： Translation 1這些保存完好的歷史建筑可以追溯到16 世紀(jì) 60 年代。 (date)2John 難得去老師那兒尋求幫助，他覺得自學(xué)會使自己受益更多。(Seldom)3基于個人消費歷史的網(wǎng)上年度賬單可能會帶來隱私泄露問題。(bring)4近年來醫(yī)患關(guān)系成為了社會熱點，解除病人痛苦正是醫(yī)生職責(zé)，病人也應(yīng)充分信任與理 解醫(yī)生。 (relieve)【答案】1 These well-preserved historic

45、buildings can date back to the 1560s.2 Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.3 Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.4 Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients ha

46、s become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients ' pain is doctor's responsibility and thtes sphaotiuelnd fully believe and understand the doctors.【解析】1考查 date back to 的用法。根據(jù)句意及提示詞可知，此處使用詞組date back to 追溯“到”，該詞組沒有被動語態(tài)，常使用一般現(xiàn)在時。故譯為： These well-preserved historic buildings can date back

47、 to the 1560s.2考查 seldom 引導(dǎo)倒裝句的用法。 seldom 位于句首時，后面需要部分倒裝；根據(jù)句意可 知，此處描述的是過去的動作，應(yīng)使用一般過去時和過去將來時。故譯為：Seldom didJohn ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.3考查 bring about 的用法。根據(jù)句意及提示詞可知，此處使用詞組 bring about 帶“來 ”，句 子描述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時。故譯為：Only a yearly bill based

48、 on personalconsuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.4考查 relieve 的用法。根據(jù)句意及提示詞可知，此處使用動詞relieve 解“除 ”的動名詞詞組做主語，句子使用現(xiàn)在完成時和一般現(xiàn)在時，故譯為： Recently, the relationship betweenpain is doctodoctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.10 高中英語翻譯題： Translation1我突然想起我忘記通知他們考試的時間地點了。(occur)2任何能夠采用新方法解決這道技術(shù)難題的人，都值得受到獎賞。(approach)3我們不該等到感恩節(jié)才向那些關(guān)心和愛護(hù)我們的人表示感激，這是我們每天生活中應(yīng)該