高級英語PubTalkandtheKingsEnglishPPT演示課件

1、1pub talk and the kings englishhenry fairlielesson 12teaching plan3teaching objectivesnto enable the students with the methods of expository writingnto enable the students to make a good conversationnto trace the history of the kings englishnto analyse the features of spoken englishnto appreciate th

2、e language features 4teaching focusndifferent expressions in folk and official englishnlanguage: a set of rules or a living thingnthe influence of social status and surroundings on the development of english language5nquotations and allusions from famous writers such as shakespeares play, norman con

3、quest, etc.nsome basic knowledge about the writers mentioned in the text such as carlyle, lamb, etc.6teaching methodsnteacher-oriented teaching methodnstudent-oriented teaching methodnthe elicited method7teaching procedure. introductory remarks. background information. learning focus. key words and

4、expressions8. division of the text. the writing style. exercises9introductory remarks10 the text is a piece of expository writing of what makes a good conversation. conversation does not start with a given topic, nor does it develop with a logical structure, nor does it end with the problems settled

5、. . introductory remarks11 bar conversation has a charm of its own. the other evening bar friends had a heated discussion on the topic, “the kings english”, some people thought it was natural that there existed resistance against the kings english in a low society like australia. 12 it reminded othe

6、rs that there also existed a language barrier between the saxon peasants and their norman conquerors.13 after english has become the universal language of england, the kings english is used and held up as a model by the ruling class and the educated people, whereas the working people mock and jeer a

7、t it.14 even the literates make mistakes if they keep speaking the kings english. hence, informal language is needed in conversation.15detailed study of the text16. background information nabout the author: henry fairlienpub, pub talknthe king/queens english, history of englishnrelative information

8、of english historynthe washington postnalexandre dumas and other writersnsome linguistic terms17nhenry fairlien13 jan. 1924 london, england-25 feb. 1990 washington, d.c.na british political journalist and social criticnthe most notably book: the kennedy promise18nhenry fairliena prominent freelance

9、writer on both sides of the atlanticnboth british and american expressions in his works19npub nformally: public housena house open to the public, as opposed to a private housena drinking establishment fundamental to the culture of britain, ireland, australia, canada and new zealand.2021npubnthe hist

10、ory of pubs can be traced back to roman taverns, through the anglo-saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.a small hotel, an inn酒廠直營酒吧出售麥酒的pub 22npub talknconversation held in the public house23nthe kings english or the queens englishnstandard englishnus

11、ed in a monarchy countrynnow: the queens english24nnorman englishnenglish used by the norman conquest, which actually refers to frenchnfor more info, please refer to: nzhang lichun, “the influence of norman conquest on english”, overseas english, 2010(11)25brief history of englishceltlatinroman conq

12、uestold english26brief history of englishfrench/ mid-englishnorman conquest1400 english won backearlymodernenglish the renaissance1st dictionary:1604late-modernenglish new thingsforeign words27brief history of englandnnorman conquerorsnthe normans, under william i, duke of normandy, conquered englis

13、h after defeating harold, the english king, at the battle of hastings in 1066nnorman conquest28brief history of englandnhereward the wakenanglo-saxon patriot and rebel leadernrose up against the norman conquerors but was defeated and slain in 1071nhereward the outlaw or hereward the exilenprotagonis

14、t or hero29brief history of english597-1066harold godwinson(hastings)1066-1154william i the conqueror1154-1458richard i the lion heartedward i the long shank30hundred years war: 1337-1453richard ii (1377-1399 in throne): no heirs wars of the roses (1455-1485) between lancaster and york31lancasterhen

15、ry iv 1399-1413henry v 1413-22henry vi 1422-61 1470-71platangenetyorkedward iv 1461-70 1471-83edward v 1483richard iii 1483-8532house of tudoryorkelizabeth, edward ivs daughterrichard iiilancasterhenry, niece of henry iv33brief history of englishhenry vii: 1485-1509henry viii: 1509-1547edward vi: 15

16、47-1553 (no wife, no heir)(jane grey) 1553 (nine days. never crowned)mary i: 1553-1558 (bloody mary, england)elizabeth i: 1558-160334brief history of englishwives of henry viii:(1) catherine of aragon(2) anne boleyn(3) jane seymour(4) anne of cleves(5) catherine howard(6) catherine parr1509-1547 in

17、reign)the virgin queenglorianagood queen bessthe elizabethan era -the golden age1558-1603 in reign)35nelizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the tudor dynasty. nthe daughter of henry viii, she was born a princess, but her mother, anne boleyn, was executed two and a half years after her birth, a

18、nd elizabeth was declared illegitimate.36nedward vi died on 6 july 1553, aged 15. nhis will excluded both mary and elizabeth from the successionndeclared as his heir lady jane grey, granddaughter of henry viiis sister mary, duchess of suffolk. nlady jane was deposed after nine days. nmary rode trium

19、phantly into london, with elizabeth at her side.37nthe establishing of an english protestant churchnthe defeat of the spanish armada in 1588nthe height of the english renaissance and saw the flowering of poetry, music and literature.nengland was economically healthier, more expansive, and more optim

20、istic than at any time in a thousand years.ncolonization the new world: east india company in 1600main events in elizabethan era38main events in elizabethan eranplaywrights such as william shakespeare and christopher marlowenadventurersnsir francis drake: circumnavigation from 1477-1580nin 1583, hum

21、phrey gilbert sailed to newfoundlandnin 1584, the queen granted sir walter raleigh a charter for the colonization of virginia; it was named in her honour. n francis bacon: an english philosopher, statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist, author and pioneer of the scientific method39brief history of engl

22、ish1485-1603henry viiijane greymary i the bloodyelizabeth i1603-1649james icharles icharles ii16491660oliver cromwell (protector)401714-19011917-present1660-1707brief history of englishwilliam iii & mary iivictoriageorge vedward viiielizabeth ii41nthe washington post (wp)nan american daily newsp

23、aper. nthe most widely circulated newspaper published in washington, d.c., and oldest extant in the area, founded in 1877.42writersnalexandre dumas nalexandre dumas, pren24 july 1802 5 december 1870na french writernbest known for his historical novels of high adventure43writersnthomas carlyle (1795-

24、1881)na scottish satirical writer, essayist, historian and teacher during the victorian era. ncalled economics “the dismal science”, and became a controversial social commentator.nthe french revolution (1837) nchartism (1840) non heroes and hero worship and the heroic in history (1841) npast and pre

25、sent (1843) 44writersncarlylesena peculiar style of his own.na compound of biblical phrases, colloquialisms teutonic twists and his own coining, arranged in unexpected sequences.nloose, limp love is a fallacy45writersnw. h. auden (1907-1973)nbritish-born poetneducated at oxfordn1939: went to usn1946

26、: citizen of usnthe depression of the 1930s: he was deeply affected by marxismn1940s: he moved from marxism to a christian existential view.46writersne. m. foster (1879-1970)nan english novelist, short story writer, essayist and librettist. nknown best for his ironic and well-plotted novels examing

27、class difference and hypocrisy in early 20th-century british society.na room with a view (1908)47linguistic termsnbilingual education nit involves teaching academic content in two languages, in a native and secondary language with varying amounts of each language used in accordance with the program

28、model.48variationvariety49nvariety/speech variety 言語變體言語變體nmore neutral: language, dialect, sociolect, pidgin, creolendifferent varieties of one language, e.g. american english, australian english, indian english etc. 50nstandard american/british english nstandard varieties of different countries ha

29、ve a common core of the language, which makes it possible for educated native speakers of the various national standard varieties of english to communicate with one another. 51nenglish and american are separate languages. . when i speak my native tongue in its utmost purity an englishman cant unders

30、tand me at all.- mark twainthe stolen white elephant, 188252nvariation 語言變異語言變異ndifferences in pronunciation, grammar, or word choice within a language. nmay be related to nregion (regional dialect/variation)nsocial class/educational background (siciolect) nthe degree of formality of a situation (st

31、yle) 53ndialect方言方言na variety of a language, spoken in one part of a country (regional dialect), or by people belonging to a particular social class (social dialect/sociolect), which is different in some words, grammar, and/or pronunciation from other forms of the same language. na particular accent

32、ngains status and becomes the standard variety54nstandard variety/standard dialect/standard language標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語nthe highest status in a community or nation nbased on the speech and writing of educated native speakersnused in the news media and in literature n described in dictionaries and grammars n taught

33、in schools and taught to non-native speakers when they learn the language as a foreign language. nsometimes the educated variety spoken in the political or cultural centre (the capital)55nsociolect or social dialect社會方言na dialect/variety used by people belonging to a particular social class.nspeaker

34、s share a similar socioeconomic and/or educational background.nhigh vs. low56nstyle語體語體nvariation in a persons speech or writing. nfrom casual to formal: nthe type of situationnthe person or persons addressednthe locationnthe topic discussed, etc. na formal style (正式語體) or a colloquial style(口語語體)ns

35、ome linguists use the term “register” for a stylistic variety (語體類型) whilst others differentiate between the two. 57nregister語域語域na synonym to stylena speech variety used by a particular group of people, usually sharing the same occupation (e.g. doctors, lawyers) or the same interests (stamp collect

36、ors, baseball fans). jargon58njargon 行話nspeech or writing used by a group of people who belong to a particular trade, profession, or any other group bound together by mutual interests.nthe jargon of law法律行話nmedical jargon醫(yī)學(xué)行話nderogatory sense: na jargon may be incomprehensible to an outsidernnot use

37、d by the group itselfnused by those unfamiliar with it or by those who dislike it59. learning focusnstyle nloose organizationncharacteristic of the passagenfocus on what makes for good conversationnintentionally written in a conversational style60nstylenthe charm of conversationntouching on many sub

38、jects or anglesnabundance of rhetorical and linguistic devicesninformality, colloquialism and idioms61nstylenits style used in journalismnessential ingredientsnthe title reads oddly but is attractive to readersntransition paragraphs ndigressionsnreflecting shifting thought patterns62nfigures of spee

39、chnsimilenmetaphornalliteration nsarcasm63nwords and expressions1) indulge in2) be on the rock3) get out of bed on the wrong side4) delve into each others lives5) the alchemy of conversation646) lay down rules7) swing fromto 8) be on the wing9) out of snobbery 10) deep class rift11) scamper over 651

40、2) turn ones noses at 13) the heirs to 14) ring true15) tussle with16) come into ones own17) be mocked by6618) say with a jeer19) lay down as an edict20) make immune to21) slips and slides22) sit up at23) bind the conversation6724) let it flow freely25) leap back in time26) raise the subject27) talk

41、 sense 28) think oneself back into the shoes of68. key words and expressionsnsociable: a. friendly; agreeable, esp. in an easy, informal waynthe whites are a sociable family.nintricate: a. hard to follow or understand because entangled, involved, complicated or perplexing; complex69nindulge: v. to g

42、ive way to ones desires nindulge oneself in sth.nindulge oneself in eating and drinkingnmeander: v. to wander aimlessly or idly; ramblenvagabonds meander through their whole lives.70nsnobbery: n. snobbish behavior or charactern his snobbery makes me sick.ntill: v. to prepare ( land ) for raising cro

43、ps, as by plowing, fertilizing, etc; cultivatentill the land71nrear: v. to bring to maturity by educating, nourishing, etc.nhe has to work hard to rear his family.nrender: v. to express in other words, as in another language, translatenmany of his works have been rendered into other languages.72nint

44、ercept: v. to seize or stop on the way, before arrival at the intended place; stop or interrupt the course of; cut offnthe parcels of drugs were intercepted by the custom house before they were delivered.nabuse: v. to use wrongly; misusento abuse a privilege73ncoin: v. to make up; devise; invent, as

45、 a new word or phrasendont coin terms that are intelligible to nobody. nmultiply: v. to increase in number, amount, extent, or degreento multiply ones chances of success74nmind: n. a person having intelligence or regarded as an intellectnshe is one of the finest political minds in the country.nmake

46、a point: explain fully what one is proposingnall right , youve made your point; now keep quiet and let the others say what they think.75nin a flash: suddenly, very quicklynjust wait here. ill back in a flash.non the rocks: (colloq) in or into a condition of ruin or catastrophentims marriage is on th

47、e rocks.76nget out the bed on the wrong side: to be cross or grouchynlay down: to assert or declare nthe regulations lay down a rigid procedure for checking safety equipment.77non wings: in flight; continually moving aboutnthe birds are on wings in the sky.nturn up ones nose at: to sneer at, scornnt

48、he children turned up their noses at my home cooking.78nin the shoes of: in anothers position nim glad im not in his shoes with all those debts to pay off.ncome to ones own: to receive what properly belong to one, esp. acclaim or recognition79nsit up: (colloq) to become suddenly alert; be surprised

49、or startled ni called her a damned hypocrite and that made her sit up.80. division of the textpart 1:n(paras. 1-2) what conversation is and what characteristics of a real conversation are.part 2:n(paras. 3-5) focus on pub conversation with a charm of its own by giving us specific example of a conver

50、sation.81part 3:n (paras. 6-20) shifting from a general discourse on good conversation to a series of particular instances.part 4:n(paras. 18-21) claiming that “the kings english slips and slides in conversation” and “talking sense ruins all conversation”.82summary of the text83. the writing style1.

51、 what is the feature of writing?2. what is the theme of the text?3. what is the thesis of the text?4. how does the author emphasize his thesis?5. what does the 5th paragraph serve?84 6. what are the characteristics of the choice of words? a. abundance of simple idiomatic expressions b. informal and

52、lucid language c. copious literary and historical allusions d. plenty of rhetorical devices857. is there anything unusual about the organization of the text? a. the title not aptly chosen. b. the transitional paragraph is abrupt. c. the contents sometimes digress.8. what will the title be if you wer

53、e asked to give?86 the text is a piece of expository writing with a loose structure, which is arranged deliberately by the writer in a conversational style to suit his theme, i.e. what makes a good conversation. the thesis is expressed in the opening sentence of paragraph 1 “conversation is the most

54、 sociable of all human activities.”87 the last sentence in the last paragraph winds up the theme by pointing out what hinders a good conversation is someone who is trying to talk sense. paragraph 5 is a transitional paragraph. the writer passes from general discourse on good conversation to a partic

55、ular instance which is a discussion about the kings english.88 in accordance with the conversational style, the text imitates the characteristics of conversations emphasized by the writer. on the one hand, the languageabundance of simple idiomatic expressions with copious literary and historical all

56、usionsis quite informal and lucid.89 in order to enhance the vividness and humors of description, the writer employs metaphors and similes. on the other hand, the organization is quite loose, for instance, the title which is not aptly chosen, the abrupt transitional paragraph as well as the digressi

57、ons.90exercises91. exercises noral presentationnmake a five-minute presentation in class based on your close reading of the text.nsuggested topics:n1. what is the theme of the essay “pub talk and the kings english”?n2. how is the essay organized?n3. what is the main idea of each part?92ndiscriminate

58、 synonymsn 1. ignorant, illiterate, uneducated, unlearnedn 2. scoff, sneer, jeer, gibe, flout93n1. ignorant, illiterate, uneducated, unlearnednignorant implies a lack of knowledge, either generally (an ignorant man) or on some particular subject (ignorant of the reason of theirs quarrel)nilliterate

59、implies a failure to conform to some standard of knowledge, sep. an inability to read or write94nuneducated implies a lack of formal or systematic education, as of that required in schools (his brilliant, though uneducated mind)nunlearned suggests a lack of learning, either generally or in some specific subject (unlearned in science)95n2. scoff, sneer, jeer, gibe, flout nscoff implies a showing of scorn or contempt as a manifestation of doubt, cynicism, irreverence, etc. (they scoffed at his diagnosis of the disease)96ns