初中完形填空解題技巧公開課PPT課件

1、一、中考英語完形填空的命題特點(diǎn) 中考英語完形填空旨在全面考查考生英語基礎(chǔ)知識和綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力，其中包括詞匯辨析能力、閱讀理解能力、邏輯推理和判斷能力等。它不僅要求考生具有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識，而且還要求考生具有獨(dú)立分析、對比取舍及靈活處理問題的能力。 完形填空的命題原則是“以實(shí)詞為主，虛詞為輔，突出詞匯語境化”。實(shí)詞中偏重于對動詞和名詞的考查，同時(shí)也兼顧對形容詞、副詞以及其它詞類的考查。試題以情境意義選擇為主，純語法性選擇近年已趨近于零。第1頁/共29頁 廣東高考完形填空題究竟考什么？怎么考？請看以下研究結(jié)果。命題揭密完型填空的特點(diǎn)：(1)首句不設(shè)空：因?yàn)槭拙涫俏恼碌拇翱?，不設(shè)空有助于考生了解或

2、推測全文的大意，(2)選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：同一小題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)必須是同一詞類，且為同一語法形式。(3)設(shè)空方式：命題者主要從以下三種層面上設(shè)題。句子層面：在理解本句的基礎(chǔ)上重要信息點(diǎn)可能在空格前，也可能在空格后。句組層面：考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可選出正確答案。語篇層面：必須理解前后幾句或上下段落，甚至整個(gè)篇章，才可選出正確答案。輕語法，重邏輯輕語法，重邏輯第2頁/共29頁How to get high scores？ 1. 正確的答題步驟 2. 必要的答題技巧 3. 適量的實(shí)踐訓(xùn)練第3頁/共29頁1. 注重首句，瀏覽全文,掌握大意。 a. 應(yīng)用閱讀技能,進(jìn)行缺詞閱讀. b. 注意首

3、段和末端以及每個(gè)段落的首句.2. 注重語境，瞻前顧后,試填答案。 a. 先填上固定搭配與習(xí)慣表達(dá),基本句型等較容易的空格. b. 對語境和語義還不太明朗的空格要反復(fù)推敲,力爭突破難點(diǎn).3. 通讀全文,檢查核對.確保最佳。解題步驟與策略解題步驟與策略第4頁/共29頁hospital nightno / little1.Mr Black is a doctor, he works in the _ .2.A nurse not only works in the day, but also works during the_.3.He is rather busy, so he has _ tim

4、e to have lunch at home.第5頁/共29頁4.We have an English test this term, its very easy, most students can _this test. 5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday, they were very tired _happy.pass but第6頁/共29頁第7頁/共29頁Skill 1：context（上下文、語境）（上下文、語境） In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at t

5、he gate of a train station. He was playing his _1_. His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day ,the young artist came to the same place, and played the violin as usual. 1. A. piano B. guitar C. violin D. saxviolinviolin第8頁/共29頁Skill 1：context（上下文、語境）（上下文、語境） Once a

6、king was walking around a pool with his ministers（大臣）（大臣）. Suddenly, he came up with an idea. He asked, “How many baskets of 2 are there in the pool?” . as big as the pool, there is one basket of water2. A. fish B. flowers C. water D. applesbasket of waterwaterbaskets of第9頁/共29頁 When we talked, I di

7、scovered（發(fā)現(xiàn)）（發(fā)現(xiàn)） some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _3_ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class. 3. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. laterfiftySkill 2：logic（邏輯推理）forty-five第10頁

8、/共29頁Skill 2：logic（邏輯推理）（邏輯推理） My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“My 4 ，Mommy” She said，“NoMany people are deaf（聾的）（聾的）4. A. ears B. eyes C. body D. headsounddeaf第11頁/共29頁 When two people are in a conve

9、rsation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener pays attention 5 what he or she is speaking5. A. for B. of C. with D. topays attentiontoSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）pay attention to 注意注意第12頁/共29頁Skill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配

10、）Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great 6 to the causes of peace, literature, and the sciences. 6. A. additions B. sacrifices C. changes D. contributionsmade great tomake contributions to對對做出貢獻(xiàn)做出

11、貢獻(xiàn)第13頁/共29頁Skill 4：words analysis（詞義辨析）（詞義辨析）7. But by using literary texts (文學(xué)文本文學(xué)文本 ) alongside other texts, teachers can 7 students improve their reading skills. 7.A. want B. help C. get D. ask第14頁/共29頁Skill 5：background knowledge（背景知識（背景知識:包括生活及文化方面的）包括生活及文化方面的） But we run so fast that, afterwar

12、ds, we had trouble 8 . 8. A. speaking B. moving C. sleeping D. breathingrun so fast第15頁/共29頁Liumei is among the _9_ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答應(yīng)給）答應(yīng)給）Liu a full scholarship - HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate. 9. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent 同義重現(xiàn)同義重現(xiàn)第16頁/共

13、29頁Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. Some of us like _10_ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both. Having similar friends has many advantages. 10. A. true B. right C. same D. similar原詞重現(xiàn)原詞重現(xiàn)反義同現(xiàn)反義同現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系：轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系：轉(zhuǎn)折第17頁/共29頁1 1、co

14、ntext（上下文、語境）（上下文、語境）3、regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）2、logic（邏輯）（邏輯）4、 words analysis（詞義辨析）（詞義辨析）5、background knowledge（背景知識）（背景知識）第18頁/共29頁1. 1. Martin Luther King was an important Martin Luther King was an important 1 1 of black of black people in American. He believed that black people and peopl

15、e in American. He believed that black people and white people should have equal rights. In 1963, Dr Kingwhite people should have equal rights. In 1963, Dr King led a march in Washington D.C. A lot of Americans led a march in Washington D.C. A lot of Americans went there to take part in the went ther

16、e to take part in the 2 2 . They wanted the . They wanted the government to government to 3 3 the laws that were unfair to black the laws that were unfair to black people. Dr King believed in gaining equal rights for all people. Dr King believed in gaining equal rights for all people through peace a

17、nd not force. When he was killed people through peace and not force. When he was killed in 1968, the United States in 1968, the United States 4 4 a great leader. a great leader. 1) A. runner B. singer C. leader D. teacher1) A. runner B. singer C. leader D. teacher 2) A. crowd B. war C. group D. marc

18、h 2) A. crowd B. war C. group D. march 3) A. sign B sell C. pass D. change 3) A. sign B sell C. pass D. change 4) A. lost B. found C. bought D. died 4) A. lost B. found C. bought D. died leaderleadermarchmarchthat were unfair tothat were unfair towas killedwas killed第19頁/共29頁2. Every American knows

19、the Mayflower. The Mayflower 2. Every American knows the Mayflower. The Mayflower was the name of the famous _1_ that_2_ from Englandwas the name of the famous _1_ that_2_ from Englandto the new world in 1620. There were 102 pilgrimsto the new world in 1620. There were 102 pilgrims（十六（十六世紀(jì)英國移民）世紀(jì)英國移

20、民） on board. It was a dangerous trip for oneon board. It was a dangerous trip for one small ship to make, and it _3_ more than 66 days . small ship to make, and it _3_ more than 66 days .The pilgrims were very _4_ when they finally saw land.The pilgrims were very _4_ when they finally saw land. In t

21、his New World , there were no homes or towns. They In this New World , there were no homes or towns. Theyhad to build their own _5_. This became Known as had to build their own _5_. This became Known as Plymouth, Massachusetts.Plymouth, Massachusetts.1) A. flower B. ship C. film D. place 1) A. flowe

22、r B. ship C. film D. place 2) A. flew B. sailed C. planted D. grew2) A. flew B. sailed C. planted D. grew3) A. made B. took C. spent D. cost3) A. made B. took C. spent D. cost4) A. painful B. fearful C. powerful D. thankful 4) A. painful B. fearful C. powerful D. thankful 5) A. ship B. house C. fiel

23、ds D. city5) A. ship B. house C. fields D. cityPlymouth, MassachusettsPlymouth, Massachusettsshipshipwhen they finally saw landwhen they finally saw land第20頁/共29頁Have a try!第21頁/共29頁 Tess was eight years old when her parents talking about her little brother, Andrew. All she knew was that he was very

24、 sick and they had no money. Only a very costly 1 could save him now and no one wanted to 2 them the money. She heard Daddy say to her Mother 3 , “Only a miracle (奇跡) can save him now.” Tess got all the change she had and 4 her way to the drug store.1. A. surgeon B. companion C. protection D. operat

25、ion2. 2. A. borrow B. lend C. make D. leave3. A. happily B. proudly C. angrilyD. sadly4. A. made B. took C. sailed D. passedmake ones way to朝朝走去走去 第22頁/共29頁5. A. doubtful B. bad C. puzzling D. unlucky6. A. buy B. purchase C. sell D. share7. A. looked B. ran C. came D. rolled “What do you want?” the

26、clerk asked. “A miracle. ” Tess answered. “My little brother has something 5 growing inside his head and my dad says only a miracle can save him now.” “We dont 6 miracles here, little girl.” The clerk said. The clerks brother was a well-dressed man. He 7 over and asked the little girl, “What kind of

27、 miracle does your brother need?” come over走近，走過來走近，走過來 look over仔細(xì)檢查仔細(xì)檢查 run over撞倒撞倒 ，跑過去，跑過去 roll over翻滾；翻身翻滾；翻身 第23頁/共29頁8. A. replied B. allowed C. accepted D. expected9. A. tired B. deaf C. nervous D. sick10. A. wait B. beg C. pay D. apply11. A. high B. low C. loud D. excited “I dont know,” Te

28、ss 8 with tears in her eyes. “I just know hes really 9 , but my dad cant 10 for a miracle, so I want to use my one dollar and eleven cents”. Tess answered in a 11 voice.第24頁/共29頁12. A. exact B. same C. proper D. reasonable13. A. spending B. waste C. charge D. tip14. A. achievement B. success C. medicine D. miracle15. A. devotion B. faith C. trust D. patience “A dollar and eleven cents - the 12 price of a miracle for a little brother.” smiled t