人教版B1U4語言點(diǎn)

1、Words and expressionsUnit 4 Earthquakes1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. imagine v. 想象，設(shè)想，料想想象，設(shè)想，料想(1) imagine sth. / (sb./ones ) doing sth. Can you imagine life/living on the moon? The boy imagines himself becoming a scientist. (2) imagine sb./sth. (to be / as)

2、 + adj. / n. / prep. 想象某人想象某人/物物；將某人；將某人/物想象成物想象成 Dont imagine yourself to be always correct. The girl imagines the gentleman as her father. Please imagine yourself (to be) in his place. (3) imagine + that / wh_ clause 想象 We never imagined that he would become a doctor. Imagine what your life would

3、be like if you lost all that you had.imagination n.想象；想象力想象；想象力imaginative adj.虛構(gòu)的；富于想象的；有創(chuàng)造力的虛構(gòu)的；富于想象的；有創(chuàng)造力的高考鏈接高考鏈接1. I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic in five days A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed2. -There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. -My go

4、odness! I cant imagine _ that old. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having beenright away立即立即, 馬上馬上 = right now / straight away / at once / in no time / in a minute / immediately shake vi. /vt. (shook, shaken) 動搖，搖動，顫抖動搖，搖動，顫抖 n. 搖動，哆嗦?lián)u動，哆嗦e.g. The whole house shook during the explosion. The exp

5、losion shook the house.shake hands with sb. 和某人握手和某人握手shake ones head over /at 對對搖頭搖頭/表示異議表示異議2. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. rise (rose, risen) vi. 上升；增加；起立，起床上升；增加；起立，起床 Interest rates rise from 4% to 5%. The flood has risen two feet. She usually rise

6、s early in the morning.raise (raised, raised) vt. 舉起；提出；籌集；養(yǎng)育舉起；提出；籌集；養(yǎng)育 He raised his voice to make himself heard. The party was held to raise money for the earthquake victims. The mother raised four children 1. The prices are _ fast these days. Nobody can get the prices _. A. going down; to bring

7、down B. rising; bring down C. raising; bring down D. rising; brought down. 2. Theyve _ up to 20,000 yuan for the Hope Project. A. rose B. raise C. raised D. risen 3. Last year the advertising rate _ by 20 percent. A. raised B. aroused C. arose D. rose 1. He _from his chair when the doorbell rang.2.

8、Her job is _ chickens.3. Her temperature is still _.4. He _ in rank recently.5. They _ their arms and waved to us with joy.roseraisingrisinghas risenraised用用rise或或raise的正確形式填空。的正確形式填空。well3. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. smell v. (smelt/smelled)聞，嗅；發(fā)出聞，嗅；發(fā)出氣味氣味 n. 氣味，嗅覺氣味，嗅覺smell + y = adj. s

9、melly adj. 發(fā)臭的發(fā)臭的 wind-windy dream-dreamy ice-icy health - healthywealth - wealthy luck - lucky1. They were all hungry and the food _ good.2. I can _something burning in the kitchen.3. Please throw the _ fish away.4. Where does that strange _ come from?smeltsmellsmellysmell4. In the city, the water

10、pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. burst (burst, burst)(1)vi. 破裂，爆炸破裂，爆炸 The driver lost control when a tire burst. (2)vt. 突破，沖撞突破，沖撞 They burst the door open to save the girl.(3)n. a burst of . 一陣一陣 a burst of laughter /thunder /applauseburst into(1)突然闖入突然闖入 Dont burst into my bedroom witho

11、ut knocking.(2)突然突然起來（通常接具有動詞意義的名詞）起來（通常接具有動詞意義的名詞） burst into laughter / tears / songs The entire hall burst into thunderous cheers. 全場發(fā)出了雷鳴般的歡呼。全場發(fā)出了雷鳴般的歡呼。 burst out(1)大聲叫喊大聲叫喊 “I dont believe it”, he burst out.(2)突然突然起來（通常接動名詞）起來（通常接動名詞） burst into laughing / crying / singing 5. But the one mill

12、ion people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. think little of輕視，不重視；認(rèn)為輕視，不重視；認(rèn)為沒什么了不起沒什么了不起think much of 對對很重視；認(rèn)為很重視；認(rèn)為很不錯很不錯think highly / well / a lot of 高度評價(jià)，重視高度評價(jià)，重視think poorly / badly / nothing of 對對看法不好，評價(jià)很低看法不好，評價(jià)很低event n. (1)（重要的、不同尋常的）事件（重要的

13、、不同尋常的）事件 Leaving home was a major event in his life. This is one of the most important events in the history of mankind. (2)（事先安排好的）演出（事先安排好的）演出, 賽事賽事, 聚會聚會 The meeting was an important social event. (3)（體育比賽的）運(yùn)動項(xiàng)目（體育比賽的）運(yùn)動項(xiàng)目 The 800 metres is not his best event. field event 田賽項(xiàng)目田賽項(xiàng)目 track event 徑賽

14、項(xiàng)目徑賽項(xiàng)目 three-day event 三日馬術(shù)賽。三日馬術(shù)賽。event構(gòu)成的常用短語有：構(gòu)成的常用短語有： in any/either event = at all events / in any case不管怎樣不管怎樣, 無論如何無論如何 In any event, the worst that she can do is to say “NO”.in the event 結(jié)果結(jié)果, 到頭來到頭來 Lily didnt like Tom, but in the event she married him.in the event of sth. / in the event th

15、at 萬一，假如發(fā)生萬一，假如發(fā)生的情況的情況 In the event of rain, the party will be held indoors. He leaves a letter for me to read in the event that he will die.6. It seemed as if the world was at an end! as if 好像，好似好像，好似 = as though，引導(dǎo)表語，引導(dǎo)表語/方式狀語從句方式狀語從句當(dāng)當(dāng)as if的從句所述的是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的的從句所述的是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實(shí)時(shí)，從句用陳述語氣：事實(shí)

16、時(shí)，從句用陳述語氣：He talks as if he is drunk. 看來我們好像要遲到了?？磥砦覀兒孟褚t到了。It looks as if well be late.聽起來好像下雨了。聽起來好像下雨了。It sounds as if it is raining.如果從句所說并非真實(shí)情況，從句要用虛擬語氣：如果從句所說并非真實(shí)情況，從句要用虛擬語氣： (1)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時(shí)；表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時(shí)； She spoke to me as if she knew me.(2)若表示與過去事實(shí)相反，用過去完成時(shí)；若表示與過去事實(shí)相反，用過去完成時(shí)；

17、 He talks about Rome as if he had been there before (3)表示將來的可能性不大，用表示將來的可能性不大，用would/might/could + 動動詞原形。詞原形。 He opened his mouth as if he would say something.end n. 結(jié)束，末端，死亡結(jié)束，末端，死亡v. 結(jié)束，終止結(jié)束，終止endless adj. 無止境的，連續(xù)的無止境的，連續(xù)的endlessly adv. 不斷地，無窮盡地不斷地，無窮盡地come to an end 完結(jié)完結(jié)put/bring sth. to an end 結(jié)

18、束結(jié)束/終止某事終止某事 end up 結(jié)束，死亡結(jié)束，死亡end up with 以以結(jié)束，以結(jié)束，以告終告終at an end 完結(jié)，結(jié)束，耗盡完結(jié)，結(jié)束，耗盡 The year is at an end.in the end = at last, finally最后、終于最后、終于 Ice becomes smaller and smaller until in the end it disappears completely. at the end of +名詞，意思是名詞，意思是“在在末端末端/盡頭盡頭” There is a clothes shop at the end of t

19、he street. by the end of +表示時(shí)間的名詞，意為表示時(shí)間的名詞，意為“到到末為止末為止,到到最后最后” The project will be finished by the end of this month. 注意：如果注意：如果of后面接表示過去時(shí)間的名詞后面接表示過去時(shí)間的名詞,那么本句的那么本句的謂語必須用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。謂語必須用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。 How many English words had you learned by the end of last term?用用end構(gòu)成的短語填空。構(gòu)成的短語填空。The cold weather at last

20、stopped_ March.Our hunt for a cheaper but largerhouse is at last _.If you go on with work, youll succeed _.How many English words had you learned _ last term?at the end ofat an endin the endby the end ofcanal7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. lie (lied, lied, lying) vi.撒謊撒謊 n.

21、 謊言謊言lie (lay, lain, lying) vi. 躺，位于躺，位于lay (laid, laid, laying) vt. 擱，放；產(chǎn)卵擱，放；產(chǎn)卵He wasnt telling the truth. He lied again. Ive had enough of your lies.The city lies in the north of China. The hen is laying eggs. 1. The girl _ on the ground _ to me that she had _ the purse on the desk. A. lying, lay

22、, laid B. lying, lied, laid C. lie, lied, lay D. lay, lied, lain2. The cook _ that the eggs _ on the table was _ by him. A. lied; laid; lay B. lied; lying; laid C. lay; laid; laying D. lay; lying; laidruin n. 毀滅，崩潰，覆滅，廢墟毀滅，崩潰，覆滅，廢墟 The castle has fallen into ruins.in ruins: severely damaged or destr

23、oyed.An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.His career is in ruins. v. 毀滅，（使）破產(chǎn)毀滅，（使）破產(chǎn) ruined adj.只用在名詞前，意為只用在名詞前，意為“毀壞的毀壞的, 破敗不堪的破敗不堪的”When we got there, we saw a ruined castle.ruin用作名詞用作名詞, 構(gòu)成的常見短語有：構(gòu)成的常見短語有： be on the road to ruin 正在走向毀滅正在走向毀滅The company cannot pay its bills and is on the ro

24、ad to ruin.be the ruin of 使使破產(chǎn)、身體垮掉、名譽(yù)掃地破產(chǎn)、身體垮掉、名譽(yù)掃地Drinking was the ruin of him.be/lie in ruins 變成廢墟變成廢墟go to ruin = fall into ruin 衰落衰落, 敗落敗落 如如:He had let the farm go to ruin.damage指部分指部分“損壞損壞”、“損害損害”、“破壞破壞”或指使用價(jià)值有所降低。它可以用作動詞或指使用價(jià)值有所降低。它可以用作動詞, 也可以用作名詞也可以用作名詞, 用作名詞時(shí)常與用作名詞時(shí)常與to something 連用。如連用。如:

25、The accident did a lot of damage to his car. destroy 只能用作動詞，指徹底破壞只能用作動詞，指徹底破壞, 以致以致不可能修復(fù)，常作不可能修復(fù)，常作“破壞破壞”、“毀滅毀滅”解，也可以解，也可以指希望、計(jì)劃等打破。指希望、計(jì)劃等打破。The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. 辨析辨析: damage, ruin, destroy ruin則表示破壞嚴(yán)重，以致不能修復(fù)，但則表示破壞嚴(yán)重，以致不能修復(fù)，但這種破壞不像這種破壞不像destroy那樣毀滅某物，而是強(qiáng)那樣毀滅某物，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)致使該物的使

26、用價(jià)值發(fā)生了問題。用作動調(diào)致使該物的使用價(jià)值發(fā)生了問題。用作動詞時(shí)，它作詞時(shí)，它作 “使毀滅使毀滅”、 “使崩潰使崩潰”、 “弄糟弄糟”解；用作名詞時(shí)，它表示解；用作名詞時(shí)，它表示 “毀滅毀滅”、 “瓦解瓦解”、 “廢墟廢墟”等抽象概念。等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。也有借喻的用法。The fire ruined the castle. The house has fallen into ruin. The company is facing ruin. The village _ in ruins after the war.These machines have _ idle sin

27、ce the factory closed.An earthquake left the whole town_.His career is _.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was _. He _ his girl friends prospects.Soft wood _ easily.laylainin ruinsin ruinsdestroyedruineddamagesMore than 61% of the surface of the earth _covered by water.Seventy percent of the

28、workers in this factory _ young.isareinjure: to hurt oneself/sb./sth. physically8. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. n. injury adj. injuredthe injured 傷者傷者, 傷員傷員an injured look/expression 委屈的樣子委屈的樣子/表情表情injured pride/feelings 受到傷害的自尊、情感受到傷害的自尊、情感He suffered serious injur

29、ies to the arms and legs.Many of the injured are still in a serious condition.Their criticisms _ him deeply.Smoking will _ his health.He was slightly _ in the car accident.He got _ in the fighting.What you said _ my feelings.have hurtinjureinjuredwoundedhurtCompare: injure hurt; wound dam9. People w

30、ere shocked. shock: n. 打擊打擊; 震驚震驚, 震動震動 vt. 使震驚使震驚, 使驚愕使驚愕 shocking: adj. 使人震驚的使人震驚的The news of his wifes death was a terrible shockto him.You will get a shock if you touch the live wire.I was shocked by his rudeness.His failure in the exam was shocking to his parents.10. Such a great number of peop

31、le died because the quake happened while they were sleeping. a number of 幾個(gè)幾個(gè), 若干若干a great/good number of 許多許多, 大量大量 如如：A number of students are planting trees on the hillA great number of volunteers are helping those people living in the earthquake-hit area.a number of 修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù), number 前可

32、用前可用large, small, good, certain, great等修飾詞。當(dāng)它修飾等修飾詞。當(dāng)它修飾主語時(shí)主語時(shí), 謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。注意謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。注意:the number of 意為意為“的數(shù)量的數(shù)量, 數(shù)目數(shù)目”, 當(dāng)它與后面的名詞連用時(shí)當(dāng)它與后面的名詞連用時(shí), 中心詞是中心詞是the number, 做主語時(shí)謂語用單數(shù)。做主語時(shí)謂語用單數(shù)。用用a number of 和和the number of 填空。填空。_ students are watching the games on the playground._ trees planted in our villag

33、e is never under 200 every year.The number ofA number of辨析辨析: a (great) number of; a great deal of; a lot of; plenty ofa (great) number of 修飾可數(shù)名詞修飾可數(shù)名詞, 跟復(fù)數(shù)形式跟復(fù)數(shù)形式; a great deal of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞; a lot of 后面既可以加可數(shù)名詞后面既可以加可數(shù)名詞, 也可以也可以加不可數(shù)名詞加不可數(shù)名詞; plenty of 后面既可以加可數(shù)名詞后面既可以加可數(shù)名詞, 也可以也可以加不可數(shù)名詞。加不可數(shù)名詞。

34、11. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.trap 1) 做動詞做動詞 困住困住, 使陷于困境使陷于困境 如如:Dozens of people were trapped in the building when the fire broke out.Theres no way out! Were trapped!Julia felt trapped in her role of wife and mother. 誘騙誘騙, 誘使誘使 (trap sb into doing sth)”; 夾住

35、夾住, 壓扁壓扁; 把把儲存儲存 如如: I was trapped into telling a lie.Take care not to trap your fingers in the door.How can you trap the suns heat?2) trap還可作名詞還可作名詞, 意為意為“圈套圈套; 陷阱；陷阱；計(jì)謀計(jì)謀”, 構(gòu)成的常見短語有：構(gòu)成的常見短語有：set a trap 設(shè)置陷阱設(shè)置陷阱fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套落入圈套lay a trap for 為為設(shè)下圈套設(shè)下圈套fall into the trap of doing sth 做

36、某事不明智做某事不明智keep your trap shut不把不把說出去說出去, 不泄密不泄密 如如:She felt that marriage was a trap.The police set a trap to catch the thief.Dont fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.Just keep your trap shut, and we wont get into trouble.12. People began to wonder how long the disaster would