造紙術(shù)英文版

1、the four great inventions of ancient chinapapermaking technologywhat does it make ofwhat does it make of? ? 1 1.ancient chinese people working more than silk cocoon silk, and the remaining cocoon, cocoon, and so on the system with the bleaching method floc. bleaching xu finished, i will be left on s

2、ome residue xu. when the number of bleaching xu more, and residue on the bamboo mats will be integrated into a layer of fiber sheet, after drying stripped down, can be used for writing. this bleaching of small quantities of by-products, in the ancient books, said it is hexian or fang xu. this shows

3、that the origins of ancient chinese papermaking has a relationship with the origin of silk.main inventormain inventor： 2 2.cai luncai luncai lun (? -121) word king chung, the eastern han dynasty guiyang county people. han ming emperor yongping into the palace to the end of things, chapter and two ye

4、ars (ad 88), cai lun as a result of the queen mother and promoted to the regular paternity, cai lun and to respect the body of jiuqing is also a party. cai lun summed up the past, peoples paper-making experience papermaking innovation process, and finally made a cai hou paper. yuan hing first year (

5、ad 105) reported the court, han and emperor ordered the promotion of his paper law. the first year of light (ad 121), due to power struggle suicide. 3.3. produceproducethere are four main steps i will introduce to you 3.3. produceproducefirst separation of raw materialto use the retting leaching（漚浸）

6、 or cooking methods for raw materials in alkali（堿）（堿） degumming（脫膠）（脫膠）, and scattered into fibrous（纖維狀）（纖維狀）; 3.3. produceproducesecondbeating（打漿）（打漿）use the method of cutting and struck（捶搗） staple fiber, and make the fiber broom(帚化), and become the pulp(紙漿紙漿); 3.3. produceproducethirdmanufacture p

7、aper with pulp（抄造）（抄造） namely make pulp water penetration into slurry, then used for paper pulp (woven bamboo mat) and get the pulp in paper to woven thin sheet of wet paper; 3.3. produceproducefourthdry namely the wet paper to dry, peeling then became a paper. 4.4. spreadspread6th century: korea7th

8、 century: japan8th century: arab states and india12th century: europe and africa16th century: amrica19th century: oceania 4development development invented 2 century105popularize 3 to 4 centuryonly writing material 4development development the eastern han dynasty yuan xing (105) cai lun improved pap

9、ermaking. he used the bark, ma head and spacious cloth, nets and other raw materials, after frustration, pound, copy, baking and other manufacturing process of paper, is the origin of modern paper. this paper, raw materials easy to find, and very cheap, the quality has improved, and gradually widesp

10、read use. to commemorate the merits of cai lun, future generations of this paper called cai hou paper.5.5.influenceinfluenceit is a revolution of writing material. and it is easy to carry, the range is not constrained(強迫強迫), driving the chinese, arab（阿拉伯人）（阿拉伯人）, european and the worlds cultural development.paper-making is one of the four great inventions of paper-making is one of the four great inventions of china, the paper is the han long experience china, the paper is the han long experience accumulation and the crystallization of the wisdom accumulation and the crystallizatio