高中英語考點精析精練動詞(短文改錯)

1、命題點3 動詞本類考題解答錦囊 1看句子結(jié)構(gòu)。英語中每個句子都有謂語，且由動詞來擔(dān)任，所以不能沒有謂語或把其他詞看作動詞用作謂語，也不能把動詞看為其它詞。 2時態(tài)。特別要注意動詞的過去式，及過去分詞的拼寫。 3語態(tài)，英語中有兩種語態(tài)，主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)，不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)(takeplace， happen，Occur，beakout，breakfOnh，fall，rise，die，lie，appear為常見的不及物動詞)。 4一致。包括與前面人稱和數(shù)的一致及幾個動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)一致。 5正確運用非謂語動詞。 6不能錯用動詞。(如根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系將這個動詞改為它的反義詞，go，arrive,

2、 open，borrow，take,sell依次改為come，1eave，close，lendreturn，bringbing,buy)。7注意固定搭配。 高考最新熱門題 1. (NMET 20典型例題sure they'll laugh to me to do things as well as them.命題目的與解題技巧：此題考查動詞的用法。動詞的考點主要涉及動詞的意詞，動詞的詞性，搭配，動詞短語或短語動詞，主謂一致，動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)，非謂語動詞等。動詞的用法靈活，不易掌握，在做此類題時，首先要研讀題先找出信息詞，理順句意，再做判斷。 【答案】 toatlaugh at sb“嘲笑

3、某人”，固定搭配。2.(NMET 20典型例題Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class. 答案：talkedtalk根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可判斷出要用一般現(xiàn)在時。3.(NMET 20典型例題ut his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.答案：gogoing此處應(yīng)用動名詞短語goingtocolledge作主語，與playingsports對比并且要結(jié)構(gòu)形式相同。 題點經(jīng)典類型題 1.(20典型例題)when I spoke to them,

4、 they often stare at my mouth. 【答案】spokespeak. 根據(jù)文章意思及時態(tài)一致原則，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。2.(20典型例題合診斷) Instend of helping him standing up, Li Ping shouted at the old man angnily. 答案：standingstand. help sb do sth幫助某人做某事。3.(20典型例題)Around the world more and more people are taken part in dangenous sports and activities. 答案

5、：takentaking根據(jù)文章，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。4.(20典型例題模擬)Look back at my childhood experience,I think that three reasons might erplain the fear.答案：LookLooking現(xiàn)在分詞短語用于獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 新高考命題探究 1.動詞時態(tài) (1)The film began before I arrived. 答案：began改為hadbegum過去完成時，表示過去某一點之前已完成的動作。(2) We never visited the Great Wall. 答案：never前加have現(xiàn)在完成

6、時，haveneverdonesth表示到目前為止從來沒干某事(3) His brother has joined in the.army for three years. 答案：joined改為beenjoin為非延續(xù)性動詞，不與表示一段時間的狀語連用。(4) Hurry up! We must get there before the sun set. 答案：set改為setsbefore引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從時，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。- 2 - / 8(5) Her grandmother has been died for twenty years. 答案：died改為deaddie是一個

7、瞬間性動詞。不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。(6) I shall let her know it as soon as I shall meet her. 答案：將第二個shall去掉。as soon as引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。(7) I don't think Jim saw me; he is just staring into the sky. 答案：is改為was當(dāng)時正在干某事，用過去進(jìn)行時。(8) You do say that you would lend me some money yesterday. 答案：do改為didyesterday，說明用

8、過去式。(9) The price has gone down, but I doubt whether it remain so. 答案：it后加will根據(jù)句意：價格已經(jīng)降下來了，但我懷疑它能否將保持目前這個樣子。whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句用將來時態(tài)。(10) The building which is now built near my school will be a well-equipped hospital. 答案：now后加beingis being built，正在被建設(shè)中的。2.動詞語態(tài) (1)The price has brought down a lot. 答案：ha

9、s后加beenbring down為及物動詞；意為“使降下來”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。(2) This question must worked out at once. 答案：must后加be此處需用被動語態(tài)。(3) The Second World War was broke out in 1939. 答案：去掉wasbreak out是不及物動詞，無被動形式。(4) I need one more stamp before my collection completed. 答案：completed改為is completed根據(jù)句意。before從句應(yīng)用被動結(jié)構(gòu)。(5) Clenaing

10、 women in big cities usually get pay by the hour. 答案：pay改為paidgetpaid意為“獲得報酬”。(6) Look! The dogs are trained to help the blind to cross road. 答案：are后加beingarebeingtrained，正被訓(xùn)練。(7) We are hoping that a concert will held soon at which the works of Liszt will play. 答案：will后加be.will be held將來時態(tài)的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。(8)

11、 In order to prevent the fire from spreading , some of the houses nearby had pulled down before the firemen arrived. 答案：had后加beenhad been pulled down，被動結(jié)構(gòu)，過去完成時。(9) It was obvious that the man had been driving on the free way for almost an hour when he told that he had to come back. 答案：第一個be后加was根據(jù)句

12、意，when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。(10) I lost and had to ask a policeman the way. 答案：I后加was或gotbegetlost意為“迷路”。3.非謂語動詞 (1) It is time harvest wheat. 答案：time后加toIt'stimetodosth是干某事的時候了。(2) Please tell me how work it out. 答案：how后加tohow+不定式作賓語。(3) I'm thirsty. Get me something to drinking. 答案：drinking改為drin

13、k不定式作定語。(4) She was made feed two chidren and do some cleaning. 答案：made后力Dtomakesbdosth被動結(jié)構(gòu)為bemadetodo(5) That book is worth read twice. 答案：read改為readingbe worth doing為固定搭配，“值得干”(6) I'm looking forward to see you soon. 答案：see改為seeing1ook for ward to中to為介詞，后接名詞或動名詞。(7) Her father escaped killed i

14、n the war. 答案：escaped后加being。escape后跟名詞或動名詞，表示逃脫、逃避，比如exepe punishmentbeing punished逃避懲罰。(8) Our English teacher enjoys listen to music. 答案：listen改為listeningenjoydoing"喜歡干某事”，某些動詞后習(xí)慣跟ving作賓語。(9) My grandfather has been used to live quietly in the country. 答案：live改為livingbeused to doing固定用法，意為“習(xí)

15、慣了干某事”。(10) He saw the chidren play under the tree when he came back from work 答案：play改為playingsee sb.doing sth為“看見某人正在干某事。”(11) The room is drity. It needs cleaned. 答案：cleaned改為cleaningneedwantrequire表示“需要”之意時，后跟ving(12) I heard her singing there last night. 答案：singing改為singhear sb.do sth“聽見某人干了某事”

16、，指干某事從頭至尾的過程。(13) Losing in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. 答案：Losing改為Lost1ist im thought過去分詞短語作狀語，說明主語的狀態(tài)。(14) He tried to make himself understand in English. 答案：understand改為understoodmake one self+過去分詞，分詞與oneself之間是被動的關(guān)系。(15) Who is the woman talk with our teacher over there?

17、 答案：talk改為talkingving分詞短語作定語，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句：that is talking with(16) The teacher came in, followed a group of students. 答案：followed改為following認(rèn)ving分詞作方式狀語，分詞動作與主語是主動的關(guān)系?；騠ollowed后加byv-ed分詞與主語之間的被動關(guān)系。(17) Our teacher asked us not be late for class again. 答案：not后加toasksbnot to do sth要求某人不要干某事。(18) You will

18、 soon notice that they have formed a group making up of doctors and lawyers. 答案：making改為mademake up of過去分詞短語作定語， 與被修飾詞之間是被動關(guān)系。(19) Seated himself in a chair, Mr. Crossett began to look through the evening paper and suddenly he heard a knock at the door. 答案：Seated改Seatingseat為及物動詞，認(rèn)ing與主句主語之間是主動關(guān)系，表伴

19、隨狀況；可將himself去掉。ved分詞說明主語的狀態(tài)。(20) I remained puzzling long after I had been told the story. 答案：puzzling改為puzzledremain為系動詞，表示“人感到”，用-ed形容詞作表語。4.虛擬語氣 (1) How I wish I am you. 答案：am改為werewish后的賓語從句，謂語動詞用過去式表示與目前事實相反的一個愿望，be的過去式were(2) I wish I have gone to the party last night. 答案：have改為hadwish后的賓語從句，

20、謂語動詞用"had+過去分詞”表示與過去事實相反的一個愿望。(3) The teacher ordered the classroom swept. 答案：classroom后加beorder后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should)+動詞原形。(4) My suggestion is that we will discuss it another day. 答案：will改為should或?qū)ill去掉。suggestion，proposal，plan，idea，order，request，advice作主語時，其后面的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，謂語構(gòu)成為：(should)+v

21、(5) The workers on strike demanded that their wages increased. 答案：increased前加be(should)beincreased表示虛擬語氣，用于動詞demand之后的賓語從句中。(6) If he is here, we would know bow to do it. 答案：is改為were虛擬語氣用于條件句，與目前事實相反的一個假設(shè)，if從句的謂語動詞用過去式，be的過去式用were。(7) The teacher insisted that her students did their homework alone.

22、答案：did改為do(should)do表示虛擬語氣，用于insist后的賓語從句中。(8) The woman talks as if she knows everything. 答案：knows改為knewas汀引導(dǎo)的句子多用虛擬語氣，用過去時態(tài)表示與目前事實相反。(9) Have he had the time,he would have done it. 答案：Have改為Had省略if的條件從句，原句為If he had had the time，表示與過去事實相反。(10) Without electricity human life will be quite different

23、 today. 答案：will改為wouldshouldmightwithout短語相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句，上下句間構(gòu)成了一個與現(xiàn)在事實相反的一種假設(shè)；主句謂語：wouldshouldmight+v5.情態(tài)動詞 (1)He will be back soon. You can't worry. 答案：high改為tall形容細(xì)而高的東西用形容詞tall(2) I got lost and must ask a policeman the way. 答案：health改為healthyhealthy，形容詞作表語。(3) -Must I finish the work before I

24、go home?-No, you mustfft. 答案：many改為large形容人口眾多，用形容詞large(4) Since the ground was wet this morning, it must rained last night. 答案：must后加havemust have done是對過去一個動作肯定的判斷。(5) I didfft need get up early this morning, so I stayed in bed until 9. 答案：need后加to根據(jù)didn't來判斷，need為實義動詞，后接不定式。(6) Look at that

25、thin man. He mustn't be Mr. Black, for Mr. Black is fat. 答案：mustn't改為can't否定的判斷“不可能”用can't(7) After meal,he should checked the bill. 答案：去掉should表示陳述一個事實；或should后加have，should+have done表示“本應(yīng)該干某事而沒干”(8) When Galileo told people of his discovery, no one should believe him. 答案：should改為wouldwould可以表示“愿意”。(9) Would we go? Yes ,let's. 答案：would改為shallshall用于一、三人稱，表示請求對方允許或提出建議。would用于第二人稱，Would you do?(10) How dares he speak to his mother like that?答案： dares改為dare dare用作情態(tài)動詞，無dares形式。6.主謂一致 (1) Half of the apples is bad. 答案：is改為are謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與half of后的名詞保持