初三英語專題-直接引語和間接引語講解及練習(xí)

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載初三英語專題直接引語和間接引語講解及練習(xí)直接引述別人的原話， 叫直接引語。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話， 叫間接引語。例：“ I remember I had seen you.” I said.“ What s you name? ” she asked. Mary said she had already seen the film.He replied that he was going by train.將直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時要做一些相應(yīng)的變化，主要有以下幾種情況。一、句式的改變陳述句用 that 引導(dǎo)（只起連接作用，無意義）一般疑問句用 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)疑問

2、句選擇疑問句用 whether 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句 ，用原來的 疑問詞引導(dǎo)祈使句A ask/tell/order/warn B (not)to do sth.Lets”開頭的祈使句變?yōu)?“ suggest +動名詞（或從句）1. 直接引語是 陳述句 時，變成用連詞 that（只起連接作用，沒有任何意義） 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，句中時態(tài)、人稱指示代詞、時間、地點等作相應(yīng)變化。例： He said:“ You can swim here.”He told me that I could swim there.2. 直接引語是 疑問句* 變?yōu)殚g接引語后要變?yōu)殛愂鼍湫问?。（1）直接引語是 一般疑問句 ，變成用

3、 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，句中時態(tài)、人稱、指示代詞、時間、地點等作相應(yīng)的變化。例： Mary asked me:“ Are you from England?” Mary asked me if /whether I was from England.（ 2）直接引語是 選擇疑問句 ，變成 whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。句中時態(tài)、人稱、指示代詞、時間、地點等要做相應(yīng)的變化。He asked me:“ Do you want a long ruler or a short ruler?” He asked whether I wanted a long ruler or a

4、short ruler.（ 3）直接引語是 特殊疑問句 ，變成用原來的 疑問詞 一樣的連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。句中的時態(tài)、人稱、指示代詞、時間、地點等要做相應(yīng)的變化。John asked me,“ Where does Jim come from?” John asked me where Jim came from.3. 直接引語是 祈使句，（1）根據(jù)說話人的語氣變成 A ask/tell/order/warm B (not)to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： She said to me, “Please sit down. ” She asked me to sit down.Mother

5、 said to me,“ Pass me some salt.” Mother asked me to pass her some salt.He said to us:“ Don t play in the street.”學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載 He told us not to play in the street.（2）直接引語如果是以 “ Lets”開頭的祈使句 ，變?yōu)?“suggest +動名詞（或從句）。 ”如： He said, “ Lets go to the film.” He suggested going to the film. He suggested that the

6、y should go to see the film.二 . 時態(tài)的變化一般過去時過去完成時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時過去進行時×現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時×注意：以下情況 時態(tài)不變1、直接引語如果是 客觀真理 ，變間接引語時，時態(tài)不變。例： He said:“ Light travels much faster than sound.”He said that light travels much faster than sound.2、直接引語中有具體的 過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時， 時態(tài)不變。例： Xiao Wa

7、ng said，“ I was born on April 20, 1980. ” Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.3、直接引語如果是 一般現(xiàn)在時 ，表示一種 反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作 ，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變 。例： He said, “ I get up at six every morning.”He said he gets up at six every morning.4、如果直接引語中的 情態(tài)動詞 沒有過去時的形式 （例： ought to，had better，used to)或者已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時 ，(例：could,

8、should, would, might）不再變 。如： Peter said，“ You had better come have today”. Peter said Ihad better go there that day.三、時間狀語的變化1、現(xiàn)在2、過去3、將來nowthentodaythat daythis week(month, etc.)that week (month, etc.)yesterdaythe day beforelast week(month)the week(month) beforethree days(a year)agothree days(a yea

9、r)beforetomorrowthe next (following )daynext week(month)the next(following)week(month)學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載例： She said,“I went there yesterday.”She said that she had gone there the day before.四、 指示代詞的變化this thatthese thoseShe said:“ I will come this morning.”She said that she would go that morning.五、地點狀語的變化here

10、thereHe said,“ My sister was here three days ago.He said that his sister had been there three days before.”六、謂語動詞的變化come go， bring takeShe said,“ I will come here tomorrow.”She said that she would go there the next day.七、人稱的變化 “ 一隨主，二隨賓，三不變”。直接引語的主語為第一人稱時，變?yōu)殚g接引語要和主句的主語保持一致。He said: I “will go to Bei

11、jing tomorrow.”He said that he would go to Beijing the next day. 直接引語的主語為第二人稱時，要和主句的賓語保持一致。例： He said to me: “You will leave tomorrow.”He told me that I would leave the next day. 直接引語是第三人稱為主語時，變間接引語時不變。例： He said to me: My “sister will leave tomorrow. ” He told me that his sister would leave tomorro

12、w. He said to us: They“want to come. ”He told us that they wanted to go.學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載把下列的直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。1.“ I saw a note on my desk.” she said.2.Mother said,“ We ll go to the park tomorrow.”3.He said to me,“ Your brother broke it.”4.Tom said,“ My sister was here three days ago.”5.“ We stayed there for two we

13、eks.” she told me.6.She said,“ I have given up smoking.”7.“ We ve known each other for about three years.” the young man told him.8.“ I haven t seen her these daysaid.” he s9.“ Mother gave me a new book as a present yesterday.” Mary said.10.“ Do you like English or Chinese?” the teacher asked me.11.

14、“ What did you do yesterday?” she asked me.12.“ Would you like an apple?” mother asked me.13.“ Don t open the doorshe. said”to me.14.“ Come here early tomorrow.” the teacher said to us.15.“ Did you go to the cinema last night?” she asked.16.“ Keep the door closed.” the old man said.17.“ Did you go t

15、here by train or by bus?” the teacher asked.18.“ They are playingon the playground.” Jim said.學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載參考答案1. She said that she had seen a note on her desk.2. Mother said that they would go to the park the next day.3. He told me that my brother had broken it.4. Tom said that his sister had been there

16、 three days before.5. She told me that they had stayed there for two days.6. She said that she had given up smoking.7. The young man told him that they had known each other for about three years.8. He said that he hadn t seen her those days.9. Mary said that (her) mother had given her a new book as a present the day before.10. The teacher asked me whether I liked English or Chinese.11. She asked me what I had done the day before.12. Mother asked me if/whether I would like an apple.13. She asked me not to open the door.14. The teacher told us to go