10. Byronppt課件

1、1George Gordon, Lord Byron2George Gordon, Lord ByronByrons life;Byrons major works;Literary term: Byronic hero;Textual study: She Walks in Beauty. The Isles of Greece3Bryons lifeBorn in 1788, of a noble family notorious for their passionate temper, their amatory adventures, and their thriftlessness;

2、Born with a clubfoot, his early years had been far from being happy;At ten, the boy was made Lord Byron by the death of a granduncle. While studying at Harrow and Cambridge, Byron published his first collection of poems “Hours of Idleness” (1807).4Byrons lifeIn 1809 Byron started on a tour of Europe

3、 and the Orient, the first two cantos of Childe Harolds Pilgrimage. In 1816 he left England and spent eight years abroad, largely in Italy, where he was associated with Shelley until the latters tragic death in 1822.In 1824 Byron went to Greece, to give himself and a large part of his fortune to hel

4、p that country in its struggle for liberty against the Turks. Died in 1824.5Byrons major worksShe Walks in Beauty;Childe Harolds Pilgrimage;Don Juan.6She Walks in BeautyBackground information: Byron attended a party where he for the first time met his young cousin, lady Wilmot Horton, who was dresse

5、d in a black mourning gown. Byron was so struck by her beauty that, on returning home, he wrote this poem in a single night.Form of the poem: Three stanzas of iambic tetrameter, with a rhyme scheme of ababab.7She Walks in BeautyShe walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies

6、; And all thats best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes: Thus mellowd to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies.ClimatesAppearanceBecome rich and softBrilliantly fine dayRefuses to give8She Walks in BeautyOne shade the more, one ray the less, Had half impaird the nameless

7、 grace “增之一分則太長，減之一分則太短。著粉則太白，施朱則太赤?！?（宋玉描寫“東家之子”的美） Which waves in every raven tress, Or softly lightens oer her face; Where thoughts serenely sweet express How pure, how dear their dwelling-place.DarknessBrightnessWould have damagedIndescribable eleganceDark-colored lock of hairReferring to the bo

8、dy9She Walks in BeautyAnd on that cheek, and oer that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent, The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tell of days in goodness spent, A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent!The smiles that capture peoples attentionThe radiant reddish color

9、that shinesShow that she has been living a life of purity and moral excellenceThe implied meaning is that she is kind towards everything below the heaven10Childe Harolds Pilgrimageits thematic matter The poem describes the travels and reflections of a world-weary young man who, disillusioned with a

10、life of pleasure and revelry, looks for distraction in foreign lands. 11Childe Harolds PilgrimageIts structure Canto I: The first canto of the poem is devoted to Portugal and Spain. Canto II: The second canto deals with Albania and Greece. Canto III: The third canto begins and ends with the touching

11、 address of the author to his daughter, Ada. Canto IV: The fourth canto sings the beauty of Italy. 12Childe Harolds PilgrimageStanzaic form Childe Harolds Pilgrimage is written in the Spenserian stanza, a nine-line stanza made up of 8 lines of iambic pentameter ending with an Alexandrine (iambic hex

12、ameter). Its rhyme scheme is ababbcbcc. This stanza was common to travel literature at the time, and the poem is unified by the travel motif.13Childe Harolds PilgrimageByronic hero: As a leading Romanticist, Byrons chief contribution is his creation of the Byronic hero, a proud, mysterious rebel fig

13、ure of noble origin. With immense superiority in his passions and powers, this “Byronic hero” would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules either in government, in religion, or in moral pr

14、inciples with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies.14Don JuanThematic matter: Although many of Byrons contemporaries focused on the poets indictment of English high society in Don Juan, the poem actually contains myriad subjects and offers sardonic commentary on a vast range of societal il

15、ls. Upright Regency-era攝政時期的（views of love and sexuality are among Byrons central targets, but Don Juan also offers biting commentary on war, religion, restraints on personal liberty and freedom of speech, and injustices rendered upon societys weakest inhabitants. 15Don JuanStanzaic form: Each stanz

16、a of the epic is written in ottava rima (abababcc), that is, each stanza contains 8 iambic pentameter lines. (The part selected in the textbook is different from the rest of the poem metrically, consisting of sixteen six-lined stanzas of iambic tetrameter, with a rime scheme of ababcc). 16一希臘群島呵，美麗的

17、希臘群島！火熱的薩弗在這里唱過戀歌；在這里，戰(zhàn)爭與和平的藝術(shù)并興，狄洛斯崛起，阿波羅躍出海面！永恒的夏天還把海島鍍成金，可是除了太陽，一切已經(jīng)消沉。二開奧的繆斯，蒂奧的繆斯，那英雄的豎琴，戀人的琵琶，原在你的岸上博得了聲譽，而今在這發(fā)源地反倒喑??；呵，那歌聲已遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)向西流傳，遠(yuǎn)超過你祖先的“海島樂園”。 17三起伏的山巒望著馬拉松馬拉松望著茫茫的海波；我獨自在那里冥想一刻鐘，夢想希臘仍舊自由而歡樂；因為，當(dāng)我在波斯墓上站立，我不能想象自己是個奴隸。四一個國王高高坐在石山頂，了望著薩拉密挺立于海外；千萬只船舶在山下靠停，還有多少隊伍全由他統(tǒng)率！他在天亮?xí)r把他們數(shù)了數(shù)，但日落的時候他們都在何處？18

18、五呵，他們而今安在？還有你呢，我的祖國？在無聲的土地上，英雄的頌歌如今已沉寂那英雄的心也不再激蕩！難道你一向莊嚴(yán)的豎琴，竟至淪落到我的手里彈弄？六也好，置身在奴隸民族里，盡管榮譽都已在淪喪中，至少，一個愛國志士的憂思，還使我的作歌時感到臉紅；因為，詩人在這兒有什么能為？為希臘人含羞，對希臘國落淚。19七我們難道只好對時光悲哭和慚愧？我們的祖先卻流血。大地呵！把斯巴達人的遺骨從你的懷抱里送回來一些！哪怕給我們?nèi)儆率康娜齻€，讓德魔比利的決死戰(zhàn)復(fù)活！八怎么，還是無聲？一切都喑啞？不是的！你聽那古代的英魂正象遠(yuǎn)方的瀑布一樣喧嘩，他們回答：“只要有一個活人登高一呼，我們就來，就來！”噫！倒只是活人不理

19、不睬。 20九算了，算了；試試別的調(diào)門：斟滿一杯薩摩斯的美酒！把戰(zhàn)爭留給土耳其野人，讓開奧的葡萄的血汁傾流！聽呵，每一個酒鬼多么踴躍響應(yīng)這一個不榮譽的號召！一0你們還保有庇瑞克的舞藝，但庇瑞克的方陣哪里去了？這是兩課，為什么只記其一，而把高尚而堅強的一課忘掉？凱德謨斯給你們造了字體難道他是為了傳授給奴隸？21一一把薩摩斯的美酒斟滿一盅！讓我們且拋開這樣的話題！這美酒曾使阿納克瑞翁發(fā)為神圣的歌；是的，他屈于波里克瑞底斯，一個暴君，但這暴君至少是我們國人。一二克索尼薩斯的一個暴君是自由的最忠勇的朋友：暴君米太亞得留名至今！呵，但愿現(xiàn)在我們能夠有一個暴君和他一樣精明，他會團結(jié)我們不受人欺凌！22一三

20、把薩摩斯的美酒斟滿一盅！在蘇里的山巖，巴加的岸上，住著一族人的勇敢的子孫，不愧是斯巴達的母親所養(yǎng)；在那里，也許種子已經(jīng)散播，是赫剌克勒斯血統(tǒng)的真?zhèn)鳌Ｒ凰淖杂傻氖聵I(yè)別依靠西方人，他們有一個做買賣的國王；本土的利劍，本土的士兵，是沖鋒陷陣的唯一希望；但土耳其武力，拉丁的欺騙，會里應(yīng)外合把你們的盾打穿。23一五 把薩摩斯的美酒斟滿一盅！樹蔭下正舞蹈著我們的姑娘我看見她們的黑眼亮晶晶，但是，望著每個鮮艷的姑娘，我的眼就為火熱的淚所迷，這乳房難道也要哺育奴隸？一六讓我攀登蘇尼阿的懸崖，可以聽見彼此飄送著悄悄話，讓我象天鵝一樣歌盡而亡；我不要奴隸的國度屬于我干脆把那薩摩斯酒杯打破！查良錚 譯 24When

21、 We Two PartedWhat does the poem express? The sorrow of a lady who is betrayed by her lover, and she is reproaching him for his cold-heartedness.What is the metrical movement of the poem? A combination of iambic and anapaestic(抑抑揚格的) feet, with a rhyme scheme ababcdcd.25When We Two PartedWhen we two

22、 parted In silence and tears,Half broken-hearted To sever for years, /sev(r)/ Pale grew thy cheek and cold, Colder thy kiss; Truly that hour foretold Sorrow to this!SeparateThis moment昔日依依別， 淚流默無言； 離恨肝腸斷， 此別又幾年。 冷頰何慘然， 一吻寒更添； 日后傷心事， 此刻已預(yù)言。26When We Two PartedThe dew of the morning Sunk chill on my brow- It felt like th