山東省膠州市2014高考英語文章閱讀類訓(xùn)練(2)

1、膠州市 2014 高考英語文章閱讀類訓(xùn)練（2）及答案或解析閱讀理解Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answer to thatquestion may depend on your age.Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, ledtheteamofscientists.Inthisexperiment,Dohertyandhisteamtestedtheperception(觀 察 力

2、 )ofsome people,usingpicturesofsome orangecircles.Theresearchersshowed the same picturesto two groups of people.The firstgroup included151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. Oneof th

3、e circles was larger than the other, and these people were asked to identifythe largerone. Four-year-oldsidentifiedthe correctcircle79 percentof the time.Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.Next, both groups were shown a picturewhere the orange circles,again of differentsizes

4、, were surrounded by gray circles. Heres where the trick lies in. In some ofthe pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surroun

5、ded by even bigger gray circles so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they werentfooled theywere stillableto findthe biggercirclewithroughlythe same accuracyas before. Older children and adults, on the other

6、hand, did not do as well. Olderchildren often identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got itwrong most of the time.As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the ability toidentifyvisualcontext.In otherwords,theywillbegin to processthe whole pictureat once: the

7、 tricky gray circles, as well as the orange circle in the middle. As aresult, theyre more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.1. Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate_.A. childrens and adults eye-sightB. people s ability to see accuratelyC. childrens and adults br

8、ainsD. the influence of peoples age- 1 - 解析考查細(xì)節(jié)理解能力。第二段第二行可以得出結(jié)論。 答案B2. When asked to find the larger circle， _.A. children at 6 got it wrong 79 % of the time with no gray ones aroundB. only adults over 18 got it right 95% of the time with gray ones aroundC. children at 4 got it right about 79 % of

9、the time with gray ones aroundD. adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around 解析考查細(xì)節(jié)理解能力。第三段清晰地說明了辨別圓圈的比例。 答案C3. According to the passage, we can know that_.A. a smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white backgroundB. an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same siz

10、eC. a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real sizeD. a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size 解析考查細(xì)節(jié)理解能力，對第四段整體的理解和第五段最后一句可以得出答案。 答案D4. Visual context may work when children get older than_.A. 4B. 6C. 10D. 18 解析考查推理判斷能力。從第五段和第六段第一句判斷得出答案。 答案B5. Why ar

11、e younger children not fooled?A. Because they are smarter than older children and adults.B. Because older people are influenced by their experience.C. Because people s eyes become weaker as they grow older.D. Because their brain can hardly notice related things together. 解析考查推理判斷能力。第四、五、六段提及到歲小孩和6 歲

12、以上小孩的區(qū)別是判斷的依據(jù)。答案D*結(jié)束完形填空訓(xùn)練The schoolwas acrossthe streetfrom our home and I would watch thekidsas they- 2 -36 during the break. She seemed so small as she, 37her way through the crowdof boys on the playground. She stood out from them all.I began to notice her at other times, basketball in hand, play

13、ing38. Shewould practice dribbling（運(yùn)球） and shooting over and over again, sometimes untildark. One day I asked her 39 she practiced so much. She looked 40 in my eyesand without a moment of41she said, I want to go to college. The only wayI can go is if I get a（ an） 42. I am going to play college baske

14、tball. I wantto be college.My Daddy told me ifthedream is big enough,the factsdont43 .”Well, I had to give it in to her she was44 . One day, I saw her sittingin the grass, head 45in her arms. I walked toward her and quietly asked what wasthe matter. Oh,nothing,"came a softreply. I am justtoo46.

15、 ”The coachtold her that at her height she would probably 47get to play for a top rankedteam much48offered a scholarship. So she should stop dreaming about college.She was heartbrokenand I49herdisappointment.I asked her ifshe had talkedto her dad about it yet. She told me that her father said those

16、coaches were50 .They justdidnot understandthe51 ofa dream. He toldherthatifshe reallywanted to play for a good college, if she truly wanted a scholarship,52couldstop her except one thing her own53 .The nextyear,asshe and her team went totheNorthernCaliforniaChampionshipgame, she was seen by a colleg

17、e coach. She was indeed 54a scholarship. She wasgoing toget the college education thatshe had dreamed of and worked55itforall those years.36.A. studiedB. relaxedC. playedD. enjoyed37.A. pushedB. clearedC. lostD. gave38.A. wellB. freelyC. togetherD. alone39.A. howB. whyC. whereD. whether40.A. brightl

18、yB. bitterlyC. directlyD. casually41.A. argumentB. glanceC. panicD. hesitation42.A. scholarshipB. reputationC.occupationD. graduation- 3 -43.A. disappearB. occurC. existD.count44.A. admiredB. determinedC. ashamedD. ignored45.A. showedB. noddedC. turnedD. buried46.A. uniqueB. flexibleC. shortD. nervo

19、us47.A. neverB. alwaysC. everD. still48.A. moreB. lessC. tooD. as49.A. removedB. sensedC. reducedD. imagined50.A. wrongB. strictC. cautiousD. important51.A. natureB. complexC. powerD. result52.A. somethingB. anythingC.everythingD. nothing53.A. skillB. attitudeC. championD. award54.A. offeredB. requi

20、redC. promotedD. gained55.A. outB. withC. towardD. at參考答案36.C37.A 38.D 39.B 40.C41.D 42.A 43.D 44.B 45.D46.C 47.A 48.B 49.B 50.A51.C 52.D 53.B 54.A 55.C*結(jié)束The Cave Crawler mining robotWhy do human beings still risk their lives under ground and doing one of thedirtiestandmostdangerousjobsintheworld?I

21、t s anincreasinglyurgent- 4 -question,giventhe recenthigh-profile(引人注目的 )miningaccidentsinSago, W. Va.,and Huntington, Utah. A small group of engineers and robotics experts envision(展望 )a day in the not-too-distant future when robots and other technology do most of the dangerous mining work.One of t

22、he first mining robots was developed five years ago at Carnegie-Mellon University s Robotics Institute. It was called Groundhog and it looked like a golfcart. It used lasersto“see” indarktunnelsand map abandoned mines some of themost dangerous work in the business.The latestprototypeiscalledCave Cra

23、wler.It s a bitsmallerthan Groundhog,and even more advanced. It can take photos and video and has sensors mounted thatcan detect the presence of dangerous gases. Incredibly, the robot has a real senseof logic.If itcomes acrossan obstacleit getsmomentarilyconfused,it has to thinkthrough the process a

24、nd where to go next, and sometimes it throws a fit just likea real person.The biggest obstacle, though, is cost. The original research projectwas federally funded, but that money has dried up, and its not clear where futurefunding will come from. Partly for that reason, and partly because of advance

25、s insafety,miningis notnearlyas dangerousas it was in the past. Since1990, fatalitieshave declined by 67 percent, and injuries by 51 percent, according to the NationalMining Association.Some experts predict that robots in mines will serve much of the same function that they do in the automotive indu

26、stry. The robots do the most repetitive and dangerous jobs, but don t eliminate the need for human workers.5.The latest robot is more advanced than Groundhog mainly because.A. it can map abandoned minesB. the robot has a real sense of logicC. it can see in the dark tunnelD. it s a b it smaller than

27、Groundhog6.We can infer from the last paragraph that.A. the mine robots will have a very bright futureB. robots in mines will serve much in the automotive industry- 5 -C. there will be no need for human workers in minesD. robots in mines have a long way to go7. Which of the following can be the best

28、 title of this passage?A. High-profile mining accidents in America.B. The development of robot.C. Could robots replace humans in mines?D. Cave Crawler, the latest robot.參考答案5-7. BAC*結(jié)束·話題探究根據(jù)近幾年的試題，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些話題的題目有一些特點(diǎn)：1. 人物傳記類。以介紹主要人物生平或逸事為主，它主要向讀者介紹文學(xué)家、藝術(shù)家和著名體育運(yùn)動員等在各行各業(yè)所取得重大成就或有重要影響的杰出人物，并特別介紹這些杰

29、出人物如何克服困難從而走向成功。體裁一般是記敘文，包含記敘文的時間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等要素。寫作手法多采用時間、空間或邏輯線索貫穿文章始終。命題以細(xì)節(jié)為主，推理為輔。2. 介紹藝術(shù)的種類和起源，以及對人的積極影響。3. 體育的重要性，以及如何鍛煉身體等話題。4. 對于文學(xué)作品的描述，以故事性為主，結(jié)尾往往又有總結(jié)性文字給人以啟迪。- 6 -鏈接高考鏈接 1 .（ 2012 全國卷）You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard tolearn it. You do not need to be

30、 strong. But you need to be quick. And you need tounderstand a few basic rules about the wind.First, you must ask yourself,“Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming fromahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on theboat. The wind direction tells you what to do wi

31、th the sail.Let s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and theboat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside theboat. It should be at a 90°angle (角度 ) to the boat. Then it will catch the windbest.Ifthe wind isblowingfrom the side,iti

32、sblowingacrossthe boat.In thiscase,you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45°angle tothe boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn t flap( 擺動 ). It shouldn t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably outtoo far, and the boat will slow down.Sailing into t