現(xiàn)在完成時講解與練習(xí)答案

1、 一、時態(tài)講解：現(xiàn)在完成時（ 1 ）構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時由助動詞 have + 過去分詞構(gòu)成，助動詞 have 有人稱和數(shù)的變化。第三人稱單數(shù)用 has ，其余用 have.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式直接在助動詞后面加上 not 、疑問式是把助動詞提到主語之前。以 study 為例，其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：  否定式疑問式i have not (havent) studied.have i studied?you have not (h

2、avent) studied.have you studied ?he has not (hasnt) studied.has he studied? 否定疑問式簡單回答（肯定 / 否定）have i not (havent i) studied?yes, you have. no, you havent.have you not (havent you) studied?yes, i have. no, i havent.has he not (hasnt he) studied?yes, he has. no, he hasnt.（

3、0;2 ）用法：1 ） 現(xiàn)在完成時 通常表示在 說話之前已經(jīng)完成的動作 或存在的狀態(tài)。說話人強(qiáng)調(diào)的是該動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在的 結(jié)果或影響 。    my daughter has just gone out. 我女兒剛出去。    im sure weve met before. 我肯定我們以前見過面。    she has arrived. 她到了。2 ）表示

4、持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時間的狀語連用，如 recently, already, just, lately, fo r, since, yet 等。如：    i havent heard from her these days.  這些日子我沒有收到她的信。    we havent seen you recently.  最近我們沒有見到你。   

5、0;they have been away for two years.  他們離開已經(jīng)兩年了。she has been with us since monday.  注意：a)       since 和 for 的區(qū)別since 后接時間點(diǎn)，如 1993 ， last term, yes terday, the time i got therefor 后接一段時間，表示 “ 

6、;長達(dá)多久 ” ，如 ten years, a while, two days 等。ex ercise : 用 since 和 for 填空1. jim has been in ireland _ monday.2. jill has been in ireland _ three days.3. his aunt has lived in australia _15 days.4. mary is in her office. she has been

7、there _ 7 o'clock.5. india has been an independent country _1974.6. the bus is late. they've been waiting _ 20 minutes.7. nobody lives in those houses. they have been empty _ many years.8. mike has been ill _a long time. he has been in hospital _ october.1. since   2. for 

8、0; 3. for   4. since   5. since   6. for   7. for   8. since2 ）表示短暫意義的動詞如 arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die 等，在完成時當(dāng)中不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用，因?yàn)樗鼈儽硎镜膭幼鞑豢赡艹掷m(xù)。因此，不能說：   he has come here for 2 weeks.   ×

9、0;  the old man has died for 4 months.   ×   they have left only for 5 minutes.   ×以上三句話可以改為：he has been here for 2 weeks.the old man has _ _ for 4 months.they have _ _ only for 5 minutes2 ） have (has) been 和 have (has) gone 

10、的區(qū)別：表示 “ 曾到過某地 ” 要用 “have (has) been”; 表示 “ 已經(jīng)去某地 ” 要用 “have (has) gone” 。試比較：where has he been?  他剛才到哪里去了？（已經(jīng)回來了）where has he gone?  他上哪兒去了？（人不在）they have been to canada . 他們到過加拿大。（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在加拿大）they have gon

11、e to canada . 他們到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已經(jīng)到加拿大） .3 ）現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如 yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when i came in ，但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never 等連用。例如：she has already c

12、ome.  她已經(jīng)來了。i havent read it yet.  我還沒讀過這個。i have met him before.  我從前曾見過他。ma hong has always been a good student.  馬紅一直是個好學(xué)生。i have often seen him in the street.  我經(jīng)常在街上看見他。they have never been to yanan.  他們從未去過延安。i haven't seen him la

13、tely.  我近來沒看到他。 irregular verbsbase formpast formpast participlebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfind

14、foundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinks ank/ sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewrot

15、eam, iswasbeenarewerebeen exercise:i. fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. i_ already _ (see) the film. i _ (see) it last week.2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? not yet.3. my father _ just _ (come) back from work. he is tired now.4. wheres li ming ? he _ (go) to the teachers office.5. i

16、_ (work) here since i _ (move) here in 1999.6. so far i _(make) quite a few friends here.7. how long _ the wangs _(stay) here ? for two weeks.8. i _ just _ (finish) my homework.9. he _ (go) to school on foot every day.10._ you _ (find) your science book yet?11. if it _ (be) fine tomorrow, i'll g

17、o with you.12. the students _ (read) english when the teacher came in.13. look! the monkey _ (climb) the tree.14. my mother _ (come) to see me next sunday.15. i've lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere?1. have, seen, saw   2. has, finished   3. has, come   4. has g

18、one   5. have worked, moved   6. ha ve made   7. ha ve , stayed   8. have, finished    9. goes   10. have, found   11. is   12. were reading   13. is climbing   14. is coming&

19、#160;  15. have, seen ii. choose the best answer. 1. how long have you _ here?a. come        b. got          c. arrived        d. been2. my grandpa di

20、ed _.a. at the age of my 2          b. for 2 years   c. when i was 2.       d. my age was 6.3. jane has _ to beijing . she will come back tomorrow.a. been     &

21、#160;  b. gone        c. went       d. never been4. it is ten years _ i last saw her.a. after       b. since       c. for  &#

22、160;    d. that5.-who will go to the station to meet lorry?  -i will. i _ her several times.a. met        b. have met       c. had met       d. will meet6.

23、 -what a nice dress! how long _ you _ it?       -just 2 weeks.a. will, buy    b. did, buy      c. are, having     d. have, had7.-do you know lydia very well?  -yes,

24、she and i _ friends since we were very young.    a. have made     b. have become   c. have been     d. have turned8. the smiths _ in china for 8 years.a. has lived       

25、b. lived       c. have been     d. live9. -hello, this is mr. green speaking.  can i speak to mr. black?  - sorry. he _ the bainiao park .a. has been to     b. has gone to 

26、60;   c. went to     d. will go to10. -_ you ever _ to the us ?- yes, twice.a. have, gone     b. have, been   c, do, go       d. were, goingiii. rewrite the sentence

27、s. 1. i have been to macau before. ( 改為否定句 )   i _ _ _ _ been to macau before. 2. he hasnt come to school because he was ill . ( 就劃線部分提問 )_ _ _ _ he come to school? 3. i bough a new bike jus

28、t now. ( 用 just 改寫 )     i _ just _ a new bike. 4. we began to learn english three years ago.( 改為同義句 )we _ _english _three years5 . he has never surfed, _ _ _ _? （ 改成反意疑問句） 6 

29、. they have been here since 2000 .  ( 對劃線部分提問 )                   _ _ _ _have they been here?7 . the old man _ last year. he has _ 

30、;_ _ _for a year. (die) （動詞填空）8 . miss gao left an hour ago.  ( 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 )miss gao has _ _ _ an hour ago.      a sk the questions1) i have been there for two days._ _ _ _ _ you _ _ ?2) my father has

31、 lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?3) he left here yesterday._ _ he _ _?4) they bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book ?keys: 1. how long have, been there  2. how long has, lived here   3. when did, leave here     

32、; 4. when did, buy   use “ never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since ” to fill in the blanks.1. i have _ seen him before, so i have no idea about him.2. jack has _ finished his homework.3. mr. wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “have you _ seen the fil

33、m?” “no, i have _ seen it.”5. “has the bus left _?” “yes, it has _ left.”keys: 1. never   2. just , already  3. for   4. ever, never  5. yet ,  just / already                 

34、  現(xiàn)在完成時練習(xí)題及答案一、翻譯下列句子： 你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯?xiàng)l嗎？         2. 我剛剛丟了我的化學(xué)書。  3. 我以前從來沒去過那個農(nóng)場。    4. 他已經(jīng)吃過午飯           5. 你已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎？   &#

35、160;   6. 我哥哥還沒回來。7. 這本字典我已買了三年了。        8. 他離開中國三年了。       9. 我認(rèn)識他們五年了。             10. 他們已去了美國五年了。 11. 自從他搬到

36、濟(jì)寧，他就住這兒了。12. 我妹妹成為一個大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年。 13. 自從 1999 年以來他們就認(rèn)識。14. 我來到這個學(xué)校已 3 年多了。二、用 since 和 for 填空 1._two years            2._two years ago3._last month      &#

37、160;      4._ 19995._yesterday            6._ 4 oclock7   4 hours               8._an hour ago9. _we were children   10._ lun

38、ch time11._ she left here 12. he has lived in nanjing _ the year before last.13. ive known him _ we were children.14. our teacher has studied japanese _ three years.15. she has been away from the city _ about ten years.16. its about ten years _ she left the city.三、結(jié)束性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語。

39、 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) he got to beijing five minutes ago.he            beijing for       &

40、#160;     .2) i moved t o the usa in 2008.      i           the usa since           .3) i went home yesterday.      

41、0;   i              home for                   .4) they came here last week.       they _ here since _.&#

42、160; come to / go back to  / return  to  be back to      go out  be out1) he came out two years ago.he _ for _.2) we return to beijing yesterday.we _ _ to beijing since _.  become  be1) i became a teacher in 2000. 

43、i _ a teache r for _.2) the river became dirty last year. the river _ _ dirty for _ _.  close  be closed             open  be open1) the shop closed two hours ago. the shop _ _ for _.2) the door opene

44、d at six in the morning.the door _ _ _ for six hours.  get up  be up ； die  be dead ； leave sp.  be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleep  be asleep ； finish / end  be over ； marry  be ma

45、rried ；1) i got up two hour s ago.i _ _ _since _.2) he left shanghai just now.he _ _ _ shanghai for five minutes.3) my grandpa died in 2002.my grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) the meeting finished at six.the meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) i got to sleep two hours ago .i _ _ _ since _ _.6) they marr

46、ied in 1990.     they _ _ _since _.  start / begin to do sth.  do sth. ； begin  be on1) i began to teach at this school in 1995.  i _ _ at this school since _.2) the film began two minutes ago.       the f

47、ilm _ _ _ for _ _. borrow  keep ； lose  not have ； buy  have ； put on  wearcatch / get a cold  have a cold ； get to know  know1) they borrowed it last week.      they _it

48、 since _.2) i bought a pen two hours ago.     i _a pen for _.3) i got to know him last year.       i _ him since _.4) i put on my glasses three years ago. i _ my glasses for _.  have / has gone to  have been inhe has gone to beiji

49、ng.he _ beijing for two days.  join the league / the party / the army be a league member /a party member / a soldier be a member of the league  / the party be in the league  / the party / the army1) he joined the league in 2002.he _ a _ for two years.he _ a _&

50、#160;_ the _ for two years.he _ the league for two years.2) my brother joined the army two years ago.my brother _a _ for _ _.my brother _ in _ for two years.四、劃線提問1) i have been there for two days._ _ _ you _ _ ?2) my father has lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?3) he left here yesterday._

51、 _ he _ _?4) they bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book五、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。a: where _ li fei _?b: he _ to hainan island.a: how long _ he _ there?b: he _ there for three days.a: when will he come back , do you know?b: im afraid he wont come back recently

52、.a: could you tell me the way to hainan island?b: sorry, i _ never _ there.a: how many times _ li fei _ to that place?b: he _ there only once.六、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to 及 go 的各種形式填空。1) where is jack? he _ his country.2) david _ the park just now.3) john _ england s

53、ince he came back.4) how long _ they _ this village?5) the smiths _ beijing for years.6) _ you ever _ america? - yes, i _ there many times.7) i _ this school since three years ago.8) where is jim? he _ the farm.9) when_ he _? he _ an hour ago.10) would you like to _  to the zoo with me? -yes, b

54、ut i _ there before.11) where _ you _ now? - i _  to the zoo.12) he often _ swimming.13) _ you _ there last year?14) _ they often _ skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since 填空1. i have _ seen him before, so i have no idea about him.2. jack has _ finished his h

55、omework.3. mr. wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “have you _ seen the film?” “no, i have _ seen it.”5. “has the bus left _?” “yes, it has _ left.”八 . 用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)填空：1.shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.both of them _ (be) in hongkong for ten days.3.both of them _ (come) to h

56、ongkong ten days ago.4. half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave).5. mary_(lose) her pen. _ you _(see) it here and there?6. _ you _ (find) your watch yet?7. -are you thirsty? -no i _just _ (have) some orange.8. we - already _ (return) the book.9. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village?10

57、. i _(not finish) my homework . can you help me?11. my father _ (read) the novel twice.12. i _ (buy) a book just now.13. i _ (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. my father _ (read) this book since yesterday.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)練習(xí)題答案一翻譯下列句子：1.       have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?

58、2.       i have just lost my chemistry book.3.       i have never been to the farm before.4.       he has already had lunch  =  he has had lunch already.5.       have you

59、 seen the movie yet?6.       my brother hasnt  come /get / been back yet  =  my brother hasnt  returned yet.7.       i have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.8.     

60、0; has been away from china for three years.9.       i have known them for five years.10.   they have been in the usa for five years.11.   he has been here since he moved to jining.12.   my sister has been a college student for three years

61、= my sister has   been in college for three years.13.   they have known each other since 1999.14.   i have been in this school for over three years.二、用 since 或者 for 填空1. for    2. since     3. since   

62、;  4. since      5. since6. since   7. for      8 since      9.since      10. since11. since   12.since    13. since    14.for   &

63、#160;   15.for16. since三、結(jié)束性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語  1. has been in ,  five minutes   2. have been in , 2008   3. have been at,  two days   4. have been , last week 1. have been out, two years   2. have been back , yesterd

64、ay  1. have been , nine years     2. has been ,  two years  1. has been closed , two hours      2. has been open  1. have been up , two hours ago      2. has been away from    

65、;  3. has been dead , seven years      4. has been over      5. have been asleep , two hours ago      6. have been married , 1990  1. have taught , 1995     2. has been on , two minutes 

66、; 1. have kept , last week     2. have had , two hours     3. have known , last years     4. have worn , three years    has been in   has been , league member       has been , member of , league       has been in2. has been , soldier , two years    has been ,  the army 四、劃線提問1. how long have, been there  2. how long