caiTEM4虛擬語(yǔ)氣last

1、Subjunctive Mood虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件條件從句從句If 從句的謂語(yǔ)形從句的謂語(yǔ)形式式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過(guò)去過(guò)去未來(lái)未來(lái)過(guò)去式過(guò)去式 (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V (原原)would/could/should/might +have done1.過(guò)去式過(guò)去式2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V. (原原)一一. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。 如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話(huà)，我們就出去野餐了。如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話(huà)，

2、我們就出去野餐了。 If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果他來(lái)這，他就能夠幫助你了。如果他來(lái)這，他就能夠幫助你了。If he came here, he might be able to help you. 要是當(dāng)初她被邀請(qǐng)的話(huà)，她就會(huì)去參要是當(dāng)初她被邀請(qǐng)的話(huà)，她就會(huì)去參加這次聚會(huì)了。加這次聚會(huì)了。 She would have gone to the party if she had been invited. 今天早上，她要是不叫我的話(huà)，我就今天早上，她要是不叫我的話(huà)，我就會(huì)睡過(guò)頭了。會(huì)睡過(guò)頭了。 If she hadnt

3、called me, I would have overslept this morning. 明年我要是二十歲，我就會(huì)學(xué)法語(yǔ)。明年我要是二十歲，我就會(huì)學(xué)法語(yǔ)。 If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French. 要是失敗了，我會(huì)再試一次。要是失敗了，我會(huì)再試一次。If it should fail, I would try again.1.如果你早來(lái)5分鐘，你就趕上這趟車(chē)了。If you _ here five minutes earlier，you _ the bus .2.如果我現(xiàn)在

4、不忙，我就來(lái)幫你了。If I _ not busy, I _ you now.3.如果明天下雪了，我們?cè)趺崔k？What _ we do if it _tomorrow?had gotwerewould helpshould were to snowWould have caughtIf I _busy last night, I _ to see the film with you .had not beenwould have goneIf he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday. would not have had had dri

5、ven If I _(know) your telephone number, I _ (telephone) you yesterday.had knownwould have telephoned 6. wish 虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)虛擬結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞wish后跟賓語(yǔ)從句，表示說(shuō)后跟賓語(yǔ)從句，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的愿望，這個(gè)愿望在說(shuō)話(huà)當(dāng)時(shí)話(huà)人的愿望，這個(gè)愿望在說(shuō)話(huà)當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)，有時(shí)根本不能實(shí)現(xiàn)，如：沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)，有時(shí)根本不能實(shí)現(xiàn)，如： I wish I were a professor. I wish she had not left. 。二二. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型:1. wish 的賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句從

6、句現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在: 過(guò)去時(shí)（過(guò)去時(shí)（were）過(guò)去過(guò)去: 過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had done)未來(lái)未來(lái): would/could/might +V.(原原) should我現(xiàn)在要是年輕十歲就好了。I wish I were ten years younger now.我昨天要是遇見(jiàn)他就好了。I wish I had met him yesterday.我希望成為一名科學(xué)家。I wish I would be a scientist.2. would rather (that)后面接從句后面接從句表示主語(yǔ)寧愿表示主語(yǔ)寧愿讓某人干某事讓某人干某事時(shí)是虛擬時(shí)是虛擬現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在:過(guò)去過(guò)去:未來(lái)未來(lái): I w

7、ould rather you paid me now. I would rather she hadnt told me the news yesterday. I would rather you came tomorrow.過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用動(dòng)詞原形 在談到過(guò)去的動(dòng)作時(shí)，如果只涉及主語(yǔ)本人而不涉及另一個(gè)人，則would rather 之后不接that 從句而接have done 結(jié)構(gòu). would rather后接動(dòng)詞的完成式，表示主語(yǔ)要做某事，而結(jié)果事與愿違的意思 I would rather have gone

8、 to the theater than stay home tonight. Id rather have left a note on her desk. 我本想留張字條在她書(shū)桌上的。（事實(shí)上沒(méi)有留 .would (had) rather, would (just)as soon, would sooner, I would just as soon she were not here. I would just as soon you didnt go(hadnt been) there. I would sooner I didnt know you. Tom would rather

9、/sooner read than talk./ Tom prefers reading to talking 非虛擬 一、would rather意思是“寧愿、寧可、更、最好、還是為好”，后接動(dòng)詞原形,常省略為d rather，表示優(yōu)先選擇的一種方式 其否定形式是would rather not do sth。would rather沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，所有的人稱(chēng)一律用would rather。 “would rather+動(dòng)詞原形”是英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的一個(gè)慣用句式，美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中多用had rather。would (had)在此決無(wú)“過(guò)去”之意，它是一個(gè)情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞，且無(wú)詞性、時(shí)態(tài)變化。 例 Mr

10、Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意聽(tīng)搖滾音樂(lè)。 If youd rather be alone, well all leave here. 如果你寧愿獨(dú)自呆著，那我們都離開(kāi)這兒。 Hed rather work in the countryside. 她寧可到農(nóng)村去工作。 You would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening. 今晚你最好呆在家中讀點(diǎn)書(shū)。 二、如果在兩者中進(jìn)行取舍，表示“寧愿而不愿，與其寧可”的意思時(shí)，則可用would ratherthan或wo

11、uldrather than的句型 例 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我寧可在家看電視而不愿去看電影。 The children would walk there rather than take a bus. 孩子們寧愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽車(chē)。 Facing the enemies, our soldiers would die rather than surrender 請(qǐng)注意 1） would ratherthan/wouldrather than也可以顛倒為：rather thanwould。Would

12、(rather)和than后都接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，若選用的動(dòng)詞相同，那么than 后的動(dòng)詞可以省略。 例 I would rather have noodles than rice. 我寧愿吃面條也不吃米飯。 He would rather drink wine than beer 他喜歡喝紅葡萄酒而不喜歡喝啤酒。 Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up. 與其在這樣差的條件下工作，他寧愿放棄。 Rather than refuse to help you, I would borrow money from my

13、friends 2)使用would ratherthan句型時(shí)要注意“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”，即在than 的前后要用兩個(gè)同類(lèi)的詞或詞組，如兩個(gè)名詞、兩個(gè)不定式、兩個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)等。 例 I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. 我寧愿騎自行車(chē)也不愿乘公共汽車(chē)去上班。 I would rather talk with his mother than with his father. 我寧愿和他媽說(shuō)話(huà)而不愿和他爸說(shuō)話(huà)。 3. as if /though + 從句從句 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去過(guò)去：將來(lái)將來(lái):過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) She loves the b

14、aby as if it were her own son. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.She talks about it again and again as if she would never end wouldcouldmight動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形原形 他們就像多年的朋友一樣交談。他們就像多年的朋友一樣交談。They talked as if they had been friends for years. 他看上去像是醉了。他看上去像是醉了。He looks as if he were drunk

15、.她看起來(lái)似乎是冰做的她看起來(lái)似乎是冰做的she looked as if she were made of ice.4. Its (about/high) time +that過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)(were)Should(不省不省) +V.你該走了。你該走了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.Its high time that you should go.我們?cè)撊ノ覀冊(cè)撊ニX(jué)了。睡覺(jué)了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed

16、. 5. 表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。使用使用should + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形, 或者將或者將should省略。省略。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞: 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持一個(gè)堅(jiān)持, 兩個(gè)命令兩個(gè)命令, 三個(gè)建議三個(gè)建議, 四個(gè)要求。即四個(gè)要求。即1). insist 2). order, command 3). advise, suggest, propose4). demand, require, request, askdesire, advise, recommend, command, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require,

17、 insist, maintain, move, propose, prefer, urge, vote I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.He insisted that he (should) be sent there.注意注意: 如如suggest, insist不表示不表示“建議建議” 或或“堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)”, 即它們用于其即它們用于其本意本意“暗示、表明暗示、表明”、“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)時(shí),賓賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。1. The guard at gate insisted

18、that everybody _ (obey) the rules.2. He insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospital at once.obeywasbe sent3. He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once.4. His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.havewas以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句從句, 表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表語(yǔ)

19、從句和同位語(yǔ)也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 從句從句中的動(dòng)詞形式為中的動(dòng)詞形式為(should）+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request下列名詞接同位語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句中動(dòng)詞用虛擬下列名詞接同位語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句中動(dòng)詞用虛擬形式：形式：insistence, preference, recommendation, suggestion, proposal, motion, desire, requirement, request, order, necessity, importance, regulation,

20、 rule, resolution, understanding 6. Its necessary/essential/natural/ important/no wonder/impossible + that 從句，從句，從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬, 即即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形我們掌握一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是非常重要的。我們掌握一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是非常重要的。It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. 下列形容詞和分詞做表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，下列形容詞和分詞做表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，that主主語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞用虛擬形式：語(yǔ)從句中

21、動(dòng)詞用虛擬形式：advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, possible, probable, proper, vital, advised, arranged, commanded, demanded, desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, suggested很奇

22、怪她竟然拒絕來(lái)參加聚會(huì)。很奇怪她竟然拒絕來(lái)參加聚會(huì)。 It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. 我們有必要努力學(xué)習(xí)Its necessary that we should study hard. It is Amazing/odd/ strange/ surprising/astonishing/ annoying/disappointed/a pity/a shame/shocking that sb should do sth 以上表”驚異/懊悔/失望”等意思的詞后接虛擬,但這時(shí)should 不能省略不能省略 翻譯成”竟然/居然

23、” , It is a pity that she should have missed the plane It is strange that he should have come back this early It is amazing that he should get such a low mark in the exam.7. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中中, “要是要是就好了就好了”If only I were a flying bird!= How I wish I were a flying bird!要是我看過(guò)那部電影就好了！要是

24、我看過(guò)那部電影就好了！If only I had seen the film!=How I wish I had seen the film!8.在含有在含有If it were not for或或If it had not been for 條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中。氣中。If it were not for the rain , the crops would die.If it had not been for you , I would have failed.要不是你的幫助，我們就不可能提前完成任務(wù)要不是你的幫助，我們就不可能提前完成任務(wù)If it had not been

25、for your help , we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.= But for your help= Without your help= Had it not been for your help, 含蓄虛擬語(yǔ)氣是指假設(shè)條件不通過(guò)if從句表達(dá)，而是暗含在其他結(jié)構(gòu)中?？忌鷳?yīng)熟悉：(1)連詞but, but that, or, or else；副詞otherwise, unfortunately等表示轉(zhuǎn)折假設(shè)。如：A safety analysis would have identified the target as a po

26、tential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.Victor obviously doesnt know whats happened; otherwise he wouldnt have made such a stupid remark. (2)介詞短語(yǔ)暗含假設(shè)條件，常用的有：without, but for, under more favorable conditions等。如：But for the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.(3)i

27、ntended/meant/hoped/wished/planned或was/were +不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished+不定式一般式暗示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如：I intended to have called on you, but I was busy at that time. lest/for fear that/in case 從句謂語(yǔ)用(should+)動(dòng)詞原形。如：The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself. 9. 混合型的條件句混合型的

28、條件句當(dāng)條件從句與主句所表的時(shí)間不一當(dāng)條件從句與主句所表的時(shí)間不一 致時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)致時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。整。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不相互主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不相互呼應(yīng)，這種條件句叫混合條件句呼應(yīng)，這種條件句叫混合條件句。較。較多見(jiàn)的混合型條件句是多見(jiàn)的混合型條件句是從句用過(guò)去完從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（指過(guò)去行為），而主句用一般成時(shí)（指過(guò)去行為），而主句用一般時(shí)（指目前狀態(tài)）。時(shí)（指目前狀態(tài)）。如果他聽(tīng)了我的勸告，他現(xiàn)在會(huì)通過(guò)考試。如果他聽(tīng)了我的勸告，他現(xiàn)在會(huì)通過(guò)考試。He would pass the test if he had taken my advice 假

29、如昨天我對(duì)他說(shuō)了，現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎假如昨天我對(duì)他說(shuō)了，現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么辦了。么辦了。 If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now. 假如我是你，我當(dāng)時(shí)就不會(huì)打破那杯子。假如我是你，我當(dāng)時(shí)就不會(huì)打破那杯子。 If I were you , I would not have broken the glass. 10.連詞if的省略如果虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)部分有were，had和should時(shí)，可省略if，把were，had和should放到從句主語(yǔ)前面去，多見(jiàn)于書(shū)面語(yǔ)。要是沒(méi)有你的幫助，我就失敗了。Had you no

30、t helped me， I should have failed. 假如你處在我的地位，你也會(huì)這樣干的。Were you in my position, you would do the same. 假如他們進(jìn)攻我們，我們就把他們徹底消滅干凈。 Should they attack us, well wipe them out completely. 11. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 neednt have+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞“其實(shí)沒(méi)必其實(shí)沒(méi)必要要”表示做了不必做的事表示做了不必做的事should（not） have +過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞“本本(不不)應(yīng)應(yīng)該該”表示應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際上未做，表示應(yīng)該做某事

31、但實(shí)際上未做，或本不應(yīng)該做但實(shí)際上做了或本不應(yīng)該做但實(shí)際上做了ought to have+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞“該該”表示動(dòng)作按理表示動(dòng)作按理該發(fā)生了，但實(shí)際上未發(fā)生該發(fā)生了，但實(shí)際上未發(fā)生could have+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞“完全可以完全可以”，表示，表示過(guò)去本來(lái)可以做但卻未做過(guò)去本來(lái)可以做但卻未做may/might have + 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞(那樣那樣)也許會(huì)也許會(huì)”，表，表示過(guò)去可以做但實(shí)際未做示過(guò)去可以做但實(shí)際未做1._he come, the problem would be settled.A would . B should . C shall . D if . 2. _, m

32、an could not live at all . A were it not for the sun . B if it was for the sun . C had it not been for the sun. D if it shouldnt be for the sun. 3. _. Everything would have been all right. A had he been here . B here he had been . C been here he had . D had he been here .4._fired, your health care a

33、nd other benefits will not be immediately cut off .A would you be . B should you be . C could you be . D might you be . 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句。即假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句。即假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致。主生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)各自的時(shí)間而定。句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)各自的時(shí)間而定。* 近幾年各類(lèi)考試中常見(jiàn)的試題類(lèi)型：近幾年各類(lèi)考試中常見(jiàn)的試題類(lèi)型： If the United States had

34、built more homes for poor people in 1955, the housing problems now in some parts of this country_ so serious. A. wouldnt be B. will not have been C. wouldnt have been D. would have not been如果你采納了我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好得多。 If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果你之前努力學(xué)習(xí)了，你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學(xué)生，四年后就會(huì)大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。 I

35、f you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now, and you would graduate from a college in four years time. 假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。 條件從句中有條件從句中有should， were， had三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞, 可以把可以把 if 省略，并將這省略，并將這三個(gè)詞提至句首。三個(gè)詞提至句首。If I were you, I would do it. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go cli

36、mbing.Were I you, I would do it.Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 含蓄虛擬條件句。句中有含蓄虛擬條件句。句中有without, or, otherwise , but for等詞隱含某種假設(shè)。等詞隱含某種假設(shè)。I lost your address, otherwise Iyou long before.A. had visited B. have visited C. would have visited D. should visit沒(méi)有你的幫助，我們就不會(huì)實(shí)驗(yàn)成功。Without your

37、 help, we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment.要不是這場(chǎng)雨，我們就完成工作了。But for the rain, we would have finished the work.常見(jiàn)的幾種固定句式。如If only, insist, suggest及Its time/necessary/important that從句等等。If only I to my parents advice!A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listenedHis silence at the meeti

38、ng suggested that he to your plan.A. shouldnt agree B. wouldnt agree C. hadnt agreed D. didnt agree The old professor gave orders that the experiment before 6. A. was finished B. will finish C. be finished D. shall be finished Its high time he home. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going to goEven i

39、f he _(be) here, he couldnt solve the problem.A. was B. were C. be D. is 虛擬語(yǔ)氣考題總結(jié):答案的特征 1.(should)+動(dòng)詞原形(一般式/被動(dòng)式/否定式)記住信號(hào)詞（名詞，動(dòng)詞，形容詞，分詞等）以及l(fā)est.2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)：wish/If only/would rather/Its time (high/about) that. 3.基本形式（主要考與過(guò)去和將來(lái)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣）,特別注意時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(混合時(shí)間虛擬) 4.倒裝的兩個(gè)時(shí)間：與過(guò)去，與將來(lái)相反；三個(gè)形式(Had/Were/Should)提前大寫(xiě)，if省去；

40、5.but/or/or else/otherwise(跳層虛擬語(yǔ)氣) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣考題總結(jié):答案的特征 1.(should)+動(dòng)詞原形(一般式/被動(dòng)式/否定式)記住信號(hào)詞（名詞，動(dòng)詞，形容詞，分詞等）以及l(fā)est.2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)：wish/If only/would rather/Its time (high/about) that. 3.基本形式（主要考與過(guò)去和將來(lái)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣）,特別注意時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(混合時(shí)間虛擬) 4.倒裝的兩個(gè)時(shí)間：與過(guò)去，與將來(lái)相反；三個(gè)形式(Had/Were/Should)提前大寫(xiě)，if省去； 5.but/or/or else/otherwise(跳層虛擬語(yǔ)氣) TEM

41、 4九大?？颊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：九大?？颊Z(yǔ)法點(diǎn)：1. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣2. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞3. 定語(yǔ)從句4. 狀語(yǔ)從句5. 名詞性從句（定語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句）6. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞7. 反義疑問(wèn)句8. 時(shí)態(tài)9. 一些特定功能詞匯的用法（much, more, such, anything but, enough等）A. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣概要：虛擬語(yǔ)氣概要：現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中有三種語(yǔ)氣：現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中有三種語(yǔ)氣：1.陳述語(yǔ)氣（indicative mood）2.祈使語(yǔ)氣（imperative mood）3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣（subjunctive mood）A. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣概要：虛擬語(yǔ)氣概要：專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)考試語(yǔ)法與詞匯部分（除2001年外）每年至少有

42、一道相關(guān)試題涉及虛擬語(yǔ)氣，平均下來(lái)達(dá)到每年2題，總計(jì)有30題。年年92939495969798990001020304050607合計(jì)合計(jì)題數(shù)題數(shù)322112121/21334230B. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 從句省略連詞從句省略連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1. be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞were提到從句主語(yǔ)的前面。提到從句主語(yǔ)的前面。Were I you, I would take an umbrella with me. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened，should there be a sudden

43、loud noise.TEM 4 系列輔導(dǎo)B. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 從句省略連詞從句省略連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣2動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞should / had提到從句主語(yǔ)的前面。提到從句主語(yǔ)的前面。Should I have time, I would call her。Had I known it, I have told youHad the damage been worse，the insurance company would have paid more。B. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 從句省略連詞從句省略連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例1: _ for the f

44、act that she broke her leg，she might have passed the exam.（2002:50）A. Had it not beenB. Hadnt it beenC. Was it not D. Were it notB. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 從句省略連詞從句省略連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例2: _, he would not have recovered so quickly.（199565）Hadnt he been taken good care ofHad he not been taken good care o

45、fC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care ofB. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 從句省略連詞從句省略連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例3: _ their help, we would not have succeeded。 （1992:55）AHadnt been forB. Had it not been forC. It hadnt been forD. Had not it been forB. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 從句省略連詞從句省略連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣

46、真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例4: _ you were busy, I wouldnt have bothered you with my questions.（1994-62）A. if I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized that D. As I realizedB. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 從句省略連詞從句省略連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例5: _ you _ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. （200563）A.

47、 If, had B. Have, hadC. Should, have D. in case, hadB. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 從句省略連詞從句省略連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣練習(xí)：練習(xí)：2: _ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party A. Had they arrivedB. Would they arriveC. Were they arrivingD. Were they to arriveC. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬

48、語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：在描述與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的非真實(shí)條件句中，需要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用had過(guò)去分詞，結(jié)果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should（第一人稱(chēng)）或would（第二、三人稱(chēng)）have過(guò)去分詞;C. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Examples:* If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train. If I hadnt taken your advice, I would have made a bad mistake. She would have come, if

49、she hadnt been so busy. C. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例1：All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _ quite such a crowd of people there.（2000:49）A. werent B. hasnt beenC. hadnt beenD. wouldnt beenTEM 4 系列輔導(dǎo)C. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例2：I

50、 _ the party much more if there hadnt been quite such a crowd of people there. A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoyingC. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例3：I was to have made a speech if _ . （19975 1）I was not called awayB. nobody would have called

51、 me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me awayC. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例4：If you _ in such a hurry you _ sugar into the sauce instead of salt.（199250）A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have put D. had not been, would not have putC

52、. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例5：_ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand？（200444）A. Would you be surprisedB. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprisedD. Would you have been surprisedC. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣【補(bǔ)充】混合虛擬式，或交錯(cuò)虛擬式：有時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作和

53、主句的動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作不一致，這時(shí)就要使用混合虛擬式。* If I had taken my raincoat when I came out this morning, I would not be wet now. * If I were you, I wouldnt have missed the film last night. C. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例6：If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _ able to advise you m

54、uch better than I can.（2005:51）A. would beB. will have beenC. was D. wereD. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)“It is (high, about, the) time.”中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在句型“It is (high, about, the) time”虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用過(guò)去式，指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況，表示“早該做某事而已經(jīng)有些晚了”。D. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)“It is (high, about, the) time.”中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Its the time the children

55、 learned how to behave properly.Its about time people took notice of what women did during the war.D. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - It is (high, about, the) time真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例1：-“What courses are you going to do next semester?” -“I dont know. But its about time _ on something.”（200251）A. Id decide B. I decidedC. I de

56、cide D. Im decidingD. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - It is (high, about, the) time真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例2：If you have really been studying English for so long, its about time you _ able to write letters in English.（199949）A. could be B. wereC. must be D. areD. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - It is (high, about, the) time真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例3：That was

57、not the first time he _ us. I think its high time we _ strong actions against him. (200560)A. betrayedtake B. had betrayedtookC. has betrayedtookD. has betrayedtakeD. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - It is (high, about, the) time真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例4：Its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests. （2006. 54）A. stopped B. had

58、 to stopC. shall stopD. stopE. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Though, if, even if, even though, whatever, however, granted that 等連接代詞或副詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中可以使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但是主句一般用直陳語(yǔ)氣。However dangerous it might be, I would have a try.We wont change our plan even if the rumor be true.Though everyone desert you, I

59、 will notE. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例1：Much as _, I couldnt lend him the money because I simply didnt have that much spare cash。 （199952）A. I would have liked to B. I would like to haveC. I should have to like D. I should have liked toE. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣真題

60、舉例及分析真題舉例及分析例2：Home is home, _ ever so homely （199252）A. it is B. it wereC. be itD. it beE. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在敘述與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的情況時(shí)，需要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般結(jié)構(gòu)為：一般過(guò)去式，werewas十不定式，或should動(dòng)詞原形。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用wouldshould十動(dòng)詞原形。F. 考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)考點(diǎn)分類(lèi) - 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣If she were to marry Jack, she would b