選修6導(dǎo)學(xué)案2

1、 b6 unit3 reading the second period language points 1. stress v. 1)強(qiáng)調(diào)the english teacher stressed the importance of reading aloud. 英語老師強(qiáng)調(diào)了朗讀的重要性。2) 用重音讀 stress the second syllable. 重讀第二個(gè)音節(jié)。 n. 壓力 stress is often a factor in the development of long-term sickness.壓力通常是患長(zhǎng)期慢性疾病的因素。用法歸納stress sth. &

2、#160; _be under stress   _lay/place/put stress on sth. _ adj. 產(chǎn)生壓力的, 緊張的詞語辨析：  stress/pressure/tension壓力 stress 指承受外來的壓力, 也可指因?yàn)槟吃蚨鸬男睦? 生理或情緒上的緊張。 pressure 指單位面積上所受的壓力, 或指某事物所產(chǎn)生的壓力或影響。 tension 多指關(guān)系不好或其他原因而出現(xiàn)的緊張狀態(tài), 或指某物被過度伸展后表現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。 選擇stress/pressure或tension并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡?1) more an

3、d more people cannot bear the _ of modern life. 2) dont pull it any more. the great _ will break the rope. 3) the patient is complaining of his feeling of _ on his chest. 4) nobody can work well under _. 2. do you think smoking should be banned? ban (banned, banned) vt. 禁止, 取締_in this lake. 這個(gè)湖里不準(zhǔn)游泳

4、。 they _. 他們威脅要禁止該書。 n. 禁止; 禁令c(+on/against)the police lifted _in this street. 警察取消了不準(zhǔn)在這條街上停車的禁令。 we have put a ban on smoking. 我們已禁止吸煙。 辨析： ban/forbid/prohibit禁止 ban因?yàn)榉苫蛏鐣?huì)壓力而禁止, 有譴責(zé)或不贊成的意味。搭配banfrom sth./doing sth. forbid較常用, 不過個(gè)人, 也能夠是國(guó)家, 政府機(jī)關(guān)作出的規(guī)定和準(zhǔn)則。搭配forbid sb. to do sth./forbid doing sth. pro

5、hibit強(qiáng)調(diào)以法律或官方行政手段, 或規(guī)章制度的形式加以禁止。搭配prohibit sb. from sth./ doing sth. exercises： 1) after the accident, he was _ from driving alone. 2) our school _ us to bring cell phone to school. 3) the law _ the tobacco from being sold freely. 3. it seems amazing that at my age i am still fit enough to 此句中的it是形式

6、主語, 真正的主語是后面的that從句。_ felt funny watching myself on tv.(2007全國(guó))a. one b. this c. it d. that4. i think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life i live.due to 因?yàn)? 由引起; 因?yàn)?如： accidents due to driving at high speed her illness was due to bad food. her absence was due to the storm.知識(shí)拓展： 表示

7、因果關(guān)系的單詞和短語because of 介詞短語“因?yàn)椤? 較口語化owing to 介詞短語“因?yàn)椤? 較正式thanks to 介詞短語“因?yàn)椤? “多虧了”as a result of 介詞短語“因?yàn)椤盿s a result 副詞短語“所以”易混辨析due to, because of, thanks to, owing todue to 常在be動(dòng)詞之后作表語。his success is_.他的成功歸功于他父母的協(xié)助。because of 指原因, 意為“因?yàn)椤? 用以指出理由。he lost the match_.他因?yàn)闇?zhǔn)備不足輸?shù)袅四菆?chǎng)比賽。thanks to既可表達(dá)正面意義(

8、多虧, 幸虧), 又可表示諷刺意義。_, we can go fishing this afternoon.幸虧天氣很好, 我們下午能夠去釣魚。owing to意為“因?yàn)? 應(yīng)歸功于”。owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled ahead of time. 因?yàn)槲覀兊墓餐? 這項(xiàng)任務(wù)提前完成了。the accident was _ his careless driving.a. due to   b. because c. because of d. both a and c5. i became addicted to

9、 cigarettes.become/get/be addicted to sth./doing sth. 表示“_”, 該短語中的to是_詞, 后接_或_形式。如：the children_.孩子們對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)游戲上了癮。addict vt. (1)使沉溺; 嗜好 (2)使.成癮, 熱衷于_ 沉溺于, 醉心于_ 嗜好, 熱衷he became addicted to the drug. 他上了毒癮。addict n. (1)上了癮的人 film addict電影迷 (2) 吸毒者_(dá) n. 沉湎、成癮_ adj. 使人上癮的the parents felt helpless when they f

10、ound their son had _ love stories for long.a. addicted b. addicted to c. addicted himself d. been addicted to6. this means that after a while you becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. 這就是說, 過了一段時(shí)間以后, 你的身體習(xí)慣了香煙里的尼古丁。accustom vt. 使習(xí)慣于be /get / become accustomed to _ , _ accustom +n./oneself +to

11、 _其中to 為_詞the boy has _ english in public.那孩子已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于在公眾面前說英語了。my eyes soon _. 我的眼睛很快適合了黑暗。they had to _. 他們不得不使自己習(xí)慣于炎熱的天氣。注意： 在英語中, to 有時(shí)為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào), 后跟動(dòng)詞原形; 有時(shí)用作介詞, 后跟名詞、代詞、或動(dòng)名詞。下面的這些短語中的to均為介詞。stick to _ lead to _pay a visit to _ sentence sb. to _ come to _ see to _ be up to _ devoteto _ get down to _

12、考例 accustomed to _ the steep mountain, he had no difficulty reaching the top. (上海2005春)a. climbing b. climb c. having climbed d. have climbed7. as you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. 此句中的it是人稱代詞, 代替前面的thing。 have you heard the latest news? no, wh

13、at _? (2007全國(guó)卷)a. is it b. is there c. are they d. are those8. so it was very difficult to quit. quit 動(dòng)詞, 過去式和過去分詞均為_, 現(xiàn)在分詞為_， 接動(dòng)詞-ing形式, “停止做” i wish youd quit complaining. 辭職, 離開 his father quit because of ill health. he has to quit school because he cant afford the education.doctors are doing res

14、earch to find out what happens physically when people _ smoking. (上海2005春)a. quit b. decline c. depart d. reserve只能用動(dòng)詞的 -ing形式做賓語的動(dòng)詞有： admit; advise; allow; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; complete; consider; deny; forbid; fancy想象; finish; keep; mention; mind; miss; pardon; permit; prevent; delay; dis

15、cuss; dislike; enjoy; escape; excuse; explain; imagine; postpone推遲; practise; quit; recall記起; recommend推薦; recollect記起; resist抵抗; risk冒險(xiǎn); suggest; tolerate忍受; understand9. i didnt know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking co

16、uples to become pregnant. 當(dāng)初我不知道抽煙能嚴(yán)重侵害人的心臟和肺部, 也不知道吸煙的夫婦生育水平會(huì)下降。主句為i didnt know。兩個(gè)賓語從句分別為it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs和it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant, “or”連接這兩個(gè)賓語從句, 意為“也不(知道)”。i dont know .or. 這個(gè)句型譯為“我不知道, 也不知道”。如： i dont know where to go or what

17、 to do.我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。10. smell v. “聞起來”,_ 動(dòng)詞, 后接adj., 分詞the flowers smell sweet.聞到, 嗅出, 常與can, could 連用i can smell something burning.n. 嗅覺, 氣味, 臭味taste and smell are closely connected.theres a smell of cooking.-what's that smell coming from the kitchen? -hmm, it smells like fresh homemade bread

18、. 11. prepare oneselfprepare (sb/sth) for sth to prepare a net for fishing準(zhǔn)備捕魚的魚網(wǎng)to prepare the ground for the seeds.整理好土地準(zhǔn)備播種mary is preparing herself for the test tomorrow.will you help me prepare for the get-together of the old classmates?過去分詞 prepared 用于系表結(jié)構(gòu), 意為“為做好準(zhǔn)備; 打算”, 常用于以下句式： 1)

19、 be prepared + for/against 如：they were prepared for the worst.他們已準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)付最壞的情況。i knew there were problems, but i was not prepared for this.我知道有些問題, 但卻未防范這個(gè)點(diǎn)！2) be prepared + 不定式短語。如：t

20、hey were prepared to go to work in the countryside.他們準(zhǔn)備到農(nóng)村去工作。i am not prepared to listen to all your weak excuses.我不愿聽你那些不成借口的借口。they were prepared to be friendly.他們打算和好。12. dont

21、choose a day that you know is going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam. 不要選擇你明知有壓力的日子, 例如要考試的那一天。解析： 該句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句為dont choose a day, 后接一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾a day, 且這個(gè)定語從句包含一個(gè)插入語you know。such as起進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明的作用。13. every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoke

22、r.1) every time, each time, the first time等引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。each time he came to harbin, he would call on me. 他每次來哈爾濱, 總是來看我。 2) feel like 意為“感到想要”, 具體用法如下： 后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞ing 形式, 表示“想要”某物或“想要做”某事。如：i feel like a drink. i don't feel like eating. “ feel like ”還有“感到像, 摸起來像”的意思。如： they made me feel like one of

23、 the family. this feels like silk. 3) remind v. 提醒; 使想起, 使記起remind sb. of / about sth. _be sure to remind her of the meeting she has to attend. 務(wù)必提醒她要參加那次會(huì)議。 remind sb. to do sth._. please remind me to post the letter. 請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐壹哪欠庑拧?remind sb. that-clause 提醒某人she reminded me that i hadn't written to

24、 mother. 她提醒了我, 我還沒給媽媽寫信what you said just now _ me of that american professor. 2002上海a. mentioned b. informed  c. reminded d. memorized14. if you start to feel nervous or stressed, dont reach for a cigarette.reach for _reach v. 1) 延伸; 伸展the ladder wont reach the window.2) 到達(dá)they reached london

25、.reach n. 伸手可及之距離within reach of the shops 買東西很方便的地方the ball was out of reach. 我夠不著這個(gè)球。15. ashamed/ shameful adj. 羞恥, 慚愧的 ashamed 做表語, 表示(人)感到羞恥, 慚愧的 shameful 指事情或行為本身可恥, 不道德的。 用ashamed或shameful填空 1)the boy was _ to tell his mother that he had failed.2) i was _ of my _ behavior at that time. 課堂檢測(cè)complete the sentences with words and phrases from the text.1. rice production has increased greatly in china over the last few years, largely _ super hybrid rice.2. having lived in hawaii all his life, he was not _ to the cold of northern europe.3. in spite of her wounded leg, she _ to get up the st