高中英語語法倒裝句講解及練習(xí)(教師版)Word版

1、高中倒裝句(教師版)英語最基本的語序是主語在前，謂語動(dòng)詞在后。但有時(shí)由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的需要或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，就要采用倒裝形式。將謂語動(dòng)詞完全移到主語之前稱為完全倒裝，只將助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放到主語之前稱為部分倒裝。強(qiáng)調(diào)性倒裝和以so， neither， nor開頭的句子是高考例題的熱點(diǎn)。一、倒裝句的意義1. 適應(yīng)一定的語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要，主要是指疑問句句型結(jié)構(gòu)的需要。e.g. May I come in？Was the People's Liberation Army founded in 1927？2. 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)某一部分，而把這部分放到句首，構(gòu)成倒裝。e.g. Never have I been l

2、ate for school this term. So early did he come to school that no other students came.二、倒裝的用法1. 在“there be”結(jié)構(gòu)里，there是引導(dǎo)詞，主語在be后。在“there + be”結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動(dòng)詞有時(shí)不用be , 而用表示類似“存在”觀念的其他不及物動(dòng)詞。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。e.g. There is a box on the table.There came shouts for help from the

3、river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.2. 在疑問句中。e.g. Is she singing in the classroom？ What does your mother do？ 3. 在here， there等副詞開頭的某些句子里（要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)）。如果主語是人稱代詞，主語和主要?jiǎng)釉~的詞序不變。（完全倒裝）e.g. There goes the bell. Here is an apple f

4、or you. There she comes.Ex：There _. And here _.A. goes the phone; she comesB. is the phone going; is sheC. does the phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she4. 重復(fù)倒裝句型，用在以so，nor，neither開頭，表示謂語所述的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一樣”“也這樣”；nor，neither用于否定句，表示“同樣也不，也不這樣”。e.g. I am watching TV.

5、So is she. My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither （Nor） did I.She is busy doing her homework. So is her brother.You passed the exam. So did I.He doesnt like shopping. Neither do i.He cant speak any foreign language. Nor can his father.表示兩人的同樣一個(gè)情況時(shí)，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的動(dòng)詞、時(shí)態(tài)要一致。否則要用so it is w

6、ith2 / 11His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt.Ex：1)I don't know how to swim, _.A. and my sister doesn't neither B. nor my sister can C. nor does my sister D. and my sister does either2)She's passed the test. _. A. So am

7、 I B. So have I C. So I have D. Also I have5. 直接引語的全部或一部分放在句首時(shí)，主句中的主謂也常直接倒裝。（完全倒裝）e.g. "Very well，" said the French student. "Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea， please." said he.6. 在以hardly(scarcely), never, not, not only, little, few，seldom, no sooner(than), not until, no where

8、等否定或半否定意義的副詞、連詞放在句首時(shí)要用倒裝句，采用部分倒裝。如不放在句首就不要倒裝。e.g. Little did he say at the meeting. Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.Hardly(Scarcely) had he reached the station when the train started.Not once did we visit the city of our own.Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined pers

9、on.Not only was there no electricity, but also no water.Not until he shouted at the top of his voice did she turn her head.比較：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.Ex：1) Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off. A. I had arrived atB. had I arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to2) H

10、ave you ever seen anything like that before? No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seenB. never I have seenC. never have I seenD. I have seen7. 用于以only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句的句子中。e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk. Only in this way can we learn English

11、well.注意：如果only后的詞組不是狀語，不需倒裝。e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this. only Only a few young men went to the theatre. （修飾主語時(shí)則不用倒裝）Ex：1)Only in this way _ make progress in your English. A. youB. can youC. you be able toD. will you able to2) Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend. A. he could

12、B. he was able toC. was he able toD. was able to he3)Only after liberation_ to be treated as human beings.A.did they begin B. they had begun C.they did begin D. had they begun8. 為了表達(dá)生動(dòng)，有時(shí)把表地點(diǎn)、方位的副詞，如 up， down， out， away， in等放在句首，同時(shí)把謂語動(dòng)詞放在主語之前。若主語為人稱代詞，主語和謂語動(dòng)詞的位置不變，只將副詞放在句首。（完全倒裝）e.g. Away hurried th

13、e boy. Out rushed the girl.Away she went with tears in her eyes.Ex：Out _, with a stick in his hand. A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語 (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首時(shí),要全部倒裝。如:On the top of the hill stands a pine tre

14、e.In front of the classroom is a playground.Ex：Under a big tree _, half asleep.A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man9. 在虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中，條件從句的謂語含有were， had 和should這三個(gè)詞是，可省去if，將這些詞移至主語之前。e.g. Had I time （= If I had time）， I would go and help you. Were I you （= If I were you

15、）， I would go abroad. Should he come （=If he should come）， tell him to ring me up.10. as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)要倒裝（形容詞/ 副詞/ 名詞/ 動(dòng)詞 + as + 主語 + 謂語）。 e.g. Proud as they are， they are afraid to see me. Child as he is， he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠詞）Hard as he worded， he made little progress.Ex：_, he's h

16、onest. A. As he is poorB. Poor is heC. Poor as he isD. Poor as is he_, he knows a lot of things. A. A child as he is B. Child as he is C. A child as is he D. Child as is he 11. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。e.g. May you succeed！ Long live the People's Republic of China！12. So + 形容詞、副詞及such 置于句首時(shí)要倒裝。 So happy did

17、 he feel.Such was me.13.固定搭配 hardlywhen; scarcelywhen; no soonerthan 可以用正常語序 had hardly done when did 或用倒裝句式Hardly had + 主語+ done when did 句式。hardly所在的句子用過去完成時(shí)。The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he be

18、gan to work.Ex：Hardly _down _he stepped in.A.had I sat than B. I had sat when C.had I sat then D. had I satwhen14. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或頻度副詞(短語)開頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Ex：Many a time _ swimming alone. A. the bo

19、y wentB. went the boyC. did the boy goD. did go the boy15. so+ 形容詞/副詞that 的結(jié)構(gòu)狀語從句可以用正常語序表示，也可以把so+形容詞/副詞放于句首構(gòu)成倒裝。句型如下： so +形容詞/副詞+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞that +從句。Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.= So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.So

20、 easy was the work that they finished it in a few days.16. "分詞(代詞) + be + 主語"結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.done做形容詞在句中做表語時(shí)，常把表語放在句首，要用倒裝句式。Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.17.為了保持句子的平蘅或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語和狀語，或使

21、上下文緊密銜接，把它們放在句首用倒裝句。該結(jié)構(gòu)不需加助動(dòng)詞。East of the town lies a beautiful lake.In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.Outside the doctors clinic were twenty patients.倒裝句練習(xí)：1._ and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat2._ an

22、d the lesson began.A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came C. In came he D. came in Mr Brown3. Over _ , dead. A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled4. Where is my shirt, mum? _. A. There is it B. There it is C. There is D. Here is it5. Where is your father? Oh

23、, _. A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he6.The door opened and there _ . A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered7. Now _ your turn to recite the text. A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is8. Often _ them not

24、to smoke here. A. we advised B. advised me C. did we advise D. had we advised9. _ playing soldiers.A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the room two boys C. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was two boys10. On the wall _ two large portraits.A. are hanging B .Hanged C. hang D. ha

25、ngs 11. _ who was wounded in the stomach. A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldier C. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier12. Next door to ours _ , who is no less than eighty. A. that lives an old man B. does an old man live C. lives an old man D. where lives an old m

26、an13.She plays the piano very well, _. A. so every one of us does B. every one of us does C. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us14.You say he works hard, _, and _. A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do you C. so does he; so do you D. so does he; so you do15. I thought you women

27、were present at the meeting. _. A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we16.I dont think Jack will come today, _. A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesnt C. Mary will either D. or Mary does17. She is fond of cooking, _I . A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do18.Marx was born in Germany

28、and German was his native language.A. So it was with English B. So was it with English C. So was English D. So did English19.A fish needs water and without water it will die._. A. So does a man B. So will a man C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man20. So absorbed _ the work that she often fo

29、rgot to _ her meals. A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have21.So loudly _ that every one of the class could hear him. A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke22. _ his apperance that no one could recognize him. A. Strange so was B. So strange was C. Was so strange D. So was strange23.Not once _ their plan. A. did they change B. they changed C. chan