高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-冠詞Word版

1、UNIT2冠詞一、分類：不定冠詞a/an，定冠詞 the，零冠詞（不用冠詞）a / an的用法1. 表示“某種類別當(dāng)中的一個(gè)”，“該類中的一例”A cat is an animal.貓是一種動(dòng)物。Hes a Frenchman.他是個(gè)法國(guó)人。2. 第一次提到某物I looked up and saw a plane. 我抬頭看見(jiàn)了一架飛機(jī).3. 用在稱呼前，含有“我不認(rèn)識(shí)的感覺(jué)”A Mr. Smith is waiting to see you. 一位史密斯先生正等著要見(jiàn)您。 4. 可以表示量度單位，每40 km an/per hour 每小時(shí)40公里twice a/per day 每天兩次5

2、. 與可數(shù)名詞連用位于what, such之后，表示感嘆，或強(qiáng)調(diào)程度What a surprise! 真是讓人吃驚。My boss is such a fool! 我的老板這么蠢。6. 用在形容詞最高級(jí)前，相當(dāng)于very。This is a most useful dictionary.這是一本非常有用的字典。 go to see you.一位史密斯先生正等著要見(jiàn)您。7. 用在序數(shù)詞前面表示“再一次，又一次”。Ten years after the death of her husband, she got married for a second time.在她丈夫去世十年后，她再次結(jié)婚了。

3、8. 用在many, quite, rather, such, twice, what 等詞后面，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)。Its quite a problem. 這是一個(gè)相當(dāng)難的問(wèn)題。Ive never seen such an exciting football match before. 我以前從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這么精彩的比賽。9. 注意區(qū)分a/ an：一般來(lái)說(shuō)，an用在元音前，a用在非元音前。但注意下面的特殊例子。a Europe (European, one-way street, union, university, useful tool, usual way)an honest man an 80-

4、metre-high-towerthe的用法 1. 基本用法：有明確的所指；可以與任何名詞連用Shut the door. 關(guān)門。Where will the meeting be held? 在哪兒開會(huì)？2.   The + adj.表示一類人或事物the British英國(guó)人, the rich富人, the young年輕人, 3.    表示一天的各段時(shí)間in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 4. 表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的自然現(xiàn)象，方位，左右the earth地球, the sun太陽(yáng), the east東, th

5、e west西, the right右, the left左5.   用在樂(lè)器之前，中國(guó)樂(lè)器名詞前不與冠詞連用:play erhu(二胡)My sister is learning the flute/ piano.我妹妹在學(xué)笛子/ 鋼琴。6. 用在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀(jì)中幾十年代in the 1870s 十九世紀(jì)七十年代 , 7.用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示這一家人。the Smiths史密斯一家人 8. 用在某些習(xí)慣表達(dá)法中的介詞短語(yǔ)中，指有關(guān)者的身體或衣著的一部分2 / 10lead sb. by the hand拉著某人的手, hit sb. in th

6、e face打在某人的臉上, grasp sb. by the sleeve抓住某人的袖子9. 用在形容詞最高級(jí)和序數(shù)詞前面。The first time I saw him was in 1990.我第一次見(jiàn)他是在1990年。Could you tell me the shortest way to the station?你能告訴我去火車站最近的路嗎？ 10. 和表示數(shù)量的名詞連用，表示“以為單位”Eggs are sold by the dozen. 雞蛋按打來(lái)賣。He is paid by the hour / the day/ week/ month.他按小時(shí)/天/周/月來(lái)付酬。11

7、. 與名詞連用時(shí)，要注意與不定冠詞的區(qū)別。a / the most interesting非常有趣的 / 最有趣的a / the number of 許多/ 的數(shù)量for a/ the moment 片刻，一會(huì)兒/ 暫時(shí)，目前give sb. a / the push 推某人一下/ 解雇某人 零冠詞-以下情況不用冠詞1. 表示泛指或一般概念Snow is white. 雪是白的。比較：The snow in the yard is very thick.院子里的雪很厚。2. 一日三餐、四季前不用冠詞，三餐名詞之前若加形容詞時(shí)則除外： We have breakfast at eight 我們8

8、點(diǎn)鐘吃早飯。 He gave us a good breakfast 他請(qǐng)我們吃了一頓豐盛的早餐。Have you had breakfast/ lunch/ dinner?你吃早飯/午飯/晚飯了嗎？比較：The breakfast was well cooked. 這頓早飯做得好。3. 球類，棋類之前不用冠詞Lets go and play football.我們?nèi)ヌ咦闱虬伞ow about having a game of chess, John? 約翰，咱們下盤棋好嗎？4. 稱呼語(yǔ)及表示家庭成員（常大寫）的名詞之前不用冠詞Tom asked, “Wheres Father/ Mothe

9、r/ Aunt?”湯姆問(wèn)，“爸爸/媽媽/姑姑在哪兒？”5. 月份、周日、節(jié)日前一般不加冠詞 January 一月份 Sunday 星期日 Christmas Day 圣誕節(jié) Thanksgiving 感恩節(jié) National Day 國(guó)慶節(jié) May Day 勞動(dòng)節(jié) 注:民族節(jié)日前要加the 如:the Spring Festival6. 在表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)中，表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的職位或頭銜前不用冠詞Whos captain of your team? 誰(shuí)是你們隊(duì)長(zhǎng)？He was elected monitor of our class.他被選為班長(zhǎng)George Bush, president

10、 of the United States 美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什7. 在表示學(xué)科的名詞之前不用冠詞English, Chinese, mathematics 8. 在獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)中不用冠詞The hunter entered the forest, gun in hand.獵人手拿著槍，走進(jìn)了森林。Child as he is, he knows a lot about the history of China.他雖然是個(gè)孩子，卻對(duì)中國(guó)歷史了解很多。9. 在某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中不用冠詞go to school (college, hospital, class, church, bed)by bike, (bu

11、s, train, car, boat, ship, plane, air)at sunrise, (sunset, noon, night, midnight)10. 泛指人類不加冠詞 Man is mortal. 人必有一死。11. 在"kind of名詞 sort of名詞"句式中不用冠詞What kind of flower is it? 這是什么花？ I like this sort of book. 我喜歡這種書。練習(xí)：1. Alice is fond of playing _ piano while Henry is interested in listeni

12、ng to _ music. A. /, the B. /, / C. the, / D. the, the 2. Alexander Grander Bell invented _ telephone in 1876. A. / B. a C. the D. one 3. -Wheres Jack?- I think hes still in _ bed, but he might just be in _ bathroom. A. /, / B. the, the C. the, / D. /, the 4. She is _ newcomer to _ chemistry, but sh

13、e has already made some important discoveries. A. the, theB. the, / C. a, / D. a, the5. Wouldnt it be _ wonderful world if all nations lived in _ peace with one another? A. a, / B. the, / C. a, the D. the, the6. _coffee that we drank just now was given to us by _ Jacksons.A. /, / B. The, / C. /, the

14、 D. The, the 7. I remember he lives in _ south, so we shouldnt be walking _ south.A. /, / B. /, the C. the, / D. the, the8. They spent _ getting the problem settled.A. so a long timeB. quite a long time C. quite long a time D. such long a time9. _Peoples Republic of China has opened its door to _ re

15、st of _ world.A. The, /, the B. /, the, the C. The, the, the D. /, /, the 10. Your shoes and mine are _.A. of size B. in a size C. same big D. of a size 11. Many people agree that _knowledge of English is a must in _international trade. A. a; 不填; B. the; an C. the; the D. 不填; the (NMET1996)12. Have

16、you seen_ pen? I left it here this morning. Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. (NMET1997)A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a; D. the; a13. Paper money was in _use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _thirteenth century. (NMET1999)A. the; 不填; B. the; the C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填14. Most

17、 animals have little connection with _animals of _different kind unless they kill them for food. (NMET2000)A. the; a B. 不填; a C. the; the D. 不填; the15. Summers in_ south of France are for _most part dry and sunny. (2000春季) A. /; a B. the; / C. /，/ D. the; the 16. The warmth of _sweater will of cours

18、e be determined by the sort of _wool used. A. the; the B. the; 不填; C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填 (NMET2001)17. Mr Smith, there's a man at_ front door who says he has_ news for you of great importance. (2001春季)A. the; 不填 B. the; the C.不填；不填 D.不填；the 18. I dont like talking on telephone; I prefer writing l

19、etters.A. a; the B. the; 不填 C. the; the D. a; 不填 (2002春季)19. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _ good knowledge of basic word formation. A. / B. the C. a D. one (2002上海)20. I earn 10 dollars _ hour as _ supermarket cashier on Saturdays.(2003上海)A. a an B the a C. an a D. an the2

20、1. Where is my blue shirt? It's in the washing machine. You have to wear _ different one. （2003安徽）A. any B. the C. a D. other22. There's _dictionary on_ desk by your side. (2003春季)A. a, the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the23. Jumping out of _airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _experience.(N

21、MET 2002)A. 不填; the B. 不填; an C. an; an D. the; the24. The sign reads “in case of _fire, break the glass and press _red button.” A. 不填; a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. a; a (NMET2003)25. Who did you spend last weekend with? _. (1998上海)A. Palmers B. The Palmers C. The Palmers D. The Palmers26. The most i

22、mportant thing about cotton in history is _part that it played in _Industrial Revolution. (2004重慶)A. 不填; 不填 B. the; 不填; C. the; the D. a; the 27. When you come here for your holiday next time, don' t go to _ hotel; I can find you _ bed in my flat. (NMET2004)A. the; a B. the; 不填 C. a; the D. a; 不

23、填 28. John, there is _ Mr. Wilson on the phone for you. (NMET2004)I'm in _ bath.A. a; the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填29. The Wilsons live in _ A-shaped house near the coast. It is _ 17th century cottage.A. the , / B. an, the C. /, the D. an, a (2004浙江)30. On_ news today, there were _ reports o

24、f heavy snow in that area.A. the; the B. the; 不填 C. 不填; 不填 D. 不填; the (2004北京春)31. When he left _college, he got a job as _reporter in a newspaper office.A. 不填; a B. 不填; the C. a; the D. the; the (2004天津)32. Its _ world of wonders, _ world where anything can happen.( 2004福建)A. a; the B. a; a C. the;

25、 a D. 不填; 不填33. For a long time they walked without saying _ word. Jim was the first to break_silence. A. the; a B. a; the C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填 (2004湖南)34. When you finish the book youll have_ better understanding of _life.A. a; the B. the; a C. 不填; the D. a; 不填 (2004遼寧)35. Tom owns _larger collectio

26、n of _ books than any other student in our class.A. the; 不填 B. a; 不填 C. a; the D. 不填; the (2004江蘇)36. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made _ discovery which completely changed _ mans understanding of colour. (2004廣東)A. a不填 B. athe C. 不填the D. thea37. If you go by _ t

27、rain, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get _ fast one. （NMET2005-3）A. the; the B. 不填；a C. the; a D. 不填；不填38. I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left _city. I only remember it was _Monday. A. the; the B. a; the C. a; a D. the; a (2005湖南） 39. After dinner he gave Mr.

28、 Richardson ride to Capital Airport. (2005安徽)A. the; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D.不填; the 40. It is often said that _ teachers have _ very easy life. (北京2005)A. 不填；不填 B. 不填；a C. the ；不填 D. the；a41. recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S. would be higher than the number of English speakers by year 2090. (2005北京春季)A. A; the B. A;不填 C. The;不填 D. The; a42. On May 5, 2005, at_ World Table Tennis Championship, Kong Linghui and Wang Hao won the g