人教版高中英語必修一Unit2reading

1、Unit 2English around the worldReading1, voyage 、journey travel、trip、tour 區(qū)別區(qū)別l voyage通常用于指通常用于指“海上旅行海上旅行”或或“航行航行”； l journey通常用于指通常用于指陸地陸地上的旅行，上的旅行，距離遠、距離遠、時間長，而且不一定要返回出發(fā)地；時間長，而且不一定要返回出發(fā)地；l travel “旅行旅行”的的總稱總稱，是，是不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞；l trip短距離短距離的旅行，一般為的旅行，一般為往返旅行往返旅行；ltour 指（團隊）指（團隊）觀光旅游觀光旅游，也可表示，也可表示“巡視巡視”或

2、或“巡回演出巡回演出” 2. native adj.本本地地的的,本國的本國的native land/country/language/placebe native to是是地方土生土長的，原產(chǎn)于地方土生土長的，原產(chǎn)于The giant panda is native to China. 大熊貓是中國特有的動物。大熊貓是中國特有的動物。 She was native to Taipei. 她原籍臺北。她原籍臺北。 n. 本地人本地人,本國人本國人Are you a native here, or just a visitor? 你是本地人，你是本地人， 或者只是游客或者只是游客? 3.beca

3、use of與與because because 是從屬連詞是從屬連詞,所以后邊跟原因狀語所以后邊跟原因狀語從句從句 , because of 后邊加名詞或者動名詞短后邊加名詞或者動名詞短語語. He came to work late because _ _（他起床遲了）（他起床遲了）He came to work late because of _（他起床遲了）他起床遲了）he got up late .getting up late. He was late not only _ his illness but also _ he missed the train. because; fo

4、r B. because of; because ofC. for; because of D. because of; becauseD4. come up vi 上來，走近；（被）提出；（太陽）升起來；（植物）發(fā)芽(1)He came up and said hello to us.(2)We watched the sun come up.(3)The question came up at the meeting.(4)The grass will come up again in spring.(5)The roses are just beginning to come up.走近

5、走近上升上升被提出被提出發(fā)芽，長出發(fā)芽，長出拓展：(1)Can you tell me how the accident came about?_(2)I came across my old classmate in the street._(3)Come on! Well be late!_(4)The authors new book just came out._(5)My dream has at last come true._(6)The doctor came up with a cure for the disease._(7)When it comes to his son

6、, he always has a lot to talk._發(fā)生發(fā)生偶然遇到偶然遇到快點快點發(fā)表，出版發(fā)表，出版實現(xiàn)實現(xiàn)想出，發(fā)現(xiàn)想出，發(fā)現(xiàn)談到談到5. Actually adv. 實際上，事實上; 說實在的Actually, it was not raining at that moment.Actually, Im busy now. Can I call you back later?actual adj. 真實的， 實際的 同義詞：In fact/ as a matter of fact6.base (1) n._ We camped at the base of the mount

7、ain. Our companys base(總部) is in Beijing.(2) vt. _ 用法：base A on /upon B A以B為基礎 A be based on/upon B A建于B基礎之上 We should base our opinions on facts. The novel is based on facts. 基礎；基地；根基基礎；基地；根基；以；以為根據(jù)為根據(jù)/基礎基礎(1)One should always base his opinion on facts. (2)-What are you mailing, Linda?-A textbook_a

8、 new way of teaching physics. I want my friend to take a look at it.A.is based on B.based on C.basing on D.which based uponOnes opinion should always be based on facts. 7. at present 現(xiàn)在，目前現(xiàn)在，目前Mother is busy preparing dinner at present媽媽現(xiàn)在正忙著做飯。媽媽現(xiàn)在正忙著做飯。I cant get in touch with him at present我現(xiàn)在無法和

9、他取得聯(lián)系。我現(xiàn)在無法和他取得聯(lián)系?！韭?lián)想】【聯(lián)想】1)present ngift禮物禮物現(xiàn)在；現(xiàn)在； for the present 暫時暫時 at the present time 現(xiàn)在，目前現(xiàn)在，目前 2)adj出席的，在場的；出席的，在場的；當前的，現(xiàn)在的當前的，現(xiàn)在的 present意為意為 “出席，在場出席，在場且作定語時，且作定語時，置于名詞、代詞之后；意為置于名詞、代詞之后；意為“當前的當前的”且作定語時，置且作定語時，置于名詞之前。如：于名詞之前。如： They are making a careful study of the present situation of th

10、e world他們正在仔細研究當前的世界局勢。他們正在仔細研究當前的世界局勢。 Everyone present at the meeting was strongly against the decision參加會議的每個人都強烈反對這項決定。參加會議的每個人都強烈反對這項決定。3) vt. 贈送贈送,呈獻；介紹呈獻；介紹present sb with sth/ present sth to sbpresent sb to sb They presented him with a bunch of flowers. 他他們獻給他一束鮮花們獻給他一束鮮花 Mr Smith, may I pre

11、sent Mr White to you? 4)presence n在場，出席在場，出席I was surprised by the presence of so many people at the meeting. 這么多人出席會議使我感到吃驚。這么多人出席會議使我感到吃驚。My mother presents me a present at the present time/at present.【經(jīng)典例題】【經(jīng)典例題】All the people _ at the party were his supporters.(2002北京北京) A.present B. thankful C.

12、 interested D. important【答案】【答案】 A 8. make use of : take advantage of【用法】use前可用good，full，poor, little，no等詞修飾。如：As a student, you must make full use of your spare timeMake good use of every chance to practice speaking English, and your spoken English will be better soon充分利用：make good use of/make full

13、 use of/make the best of/make the most of make use of be made use of make use of use be made of被動被動Any chance must be made good use of to practice English.Good use must be made of any chance to practice English.被動被動The use you_time is really practical.A.make B.take C.make of D.take of 【經(jīng)典例題】【經(jīng)典例題】Ev

14、ery minute must be made full use of _ spoken English. A to practice B practicing C practice D practiced【答案】【答案】A 【聯(lián)想】與【聯(lián)想】與make有關的短語有關的短語 make friends with 和和交朋友交朋友 make fun of 取笑取笑make a decision 作出決定作出決定 make a face/faces 扮鬼臉扮鬼臉 make progress in 在在取得進步取得進步make a choice 9latter adj較后的，后面的，較后的，后面的，

15、(兩者中兩者中) 后者的后者的I find it hard to understand the latter part of his lecture我發(fā)現(xiàn)他的講座后面部分很難理解。我發(fā)現(xiàn)他的講座后面部分很難理解。Did he walk or swim across the river?The latter seems unlikely他是趟過河，還是游過河他是趟過河，還是游過河?后者似乎不可能。后者似乎不可能。The former, the latter 前者前者后者后者 【辨析】【辨析】late，later, latter, lately, latest1)late是形容詞，表示是形容詞，表

16、示“遲到的，晚遲到的，晚的的”。如：。如：You are late again! 你又遲到了。你又遲到了。2)later可作形容詞，是可作形容詞，是late的的比較級比較級，意為意為“更遲的，更后的更遲的，更后的”；也可作副詞，；也可作副詞，意為意為“稍后，隨后稍后，隨后”，常與，常與on連用。如：連用。如：We will discuss this in detail later on. 我們將在以后對這一點作詳細的探討。我們將在以后對這一點作詳細的探討。Ill tell you later. 我以后再告訴你。我以后再告訴你。 3)latter最常用的含義是最常用的含義是“兩者中的兩者中的(后

17、者后者)”，常與，常與the連用，固定搭配連用，固定搭配“the former，the latter”。如：如：Here are Tom and David; the latter is my brother. 這是湯姆和戴維這是湯姆和戴維;后者是我的兄弟。后者是我的兄弟。4)lately是是副詞副詞，意為，意為“近來，最近近來，最近(recently)”。如：如：Have you been to Beijing lately?你最近去過北京嗎你最近去過北京嗎?5) latest是形容詞，意為是形容詞，意為“最近的，最新的最近的，最新的”. 如：如：He reads the latest ne

18、ws every morning. 【經(jīng)典例題】【經(jīng)典例題】Did he go there by bike or on foot? The _ seems unlikely. A latter B late C later D lately【答案】【答案】A 10. such as例如，諸如此類，像例如，諸如此類，像這樣的這樣的Ball games such as basketball and football are very exciting球類運動，如籃球和足球，都很激動人心。球類運動，如籃球和足球，都很激動人心。【辨析】【辨析】such as, for example，that is1

19、)such as用于列舉同類人或事物中的若干用于列舉同類人或事物中的若干 例子，但不能全部列出例子，但不能全部列出。如：。如：Mr Wang is good at several foreign languages，such as English and French王先生精通好幾門外語，比如英語和法語。王先生精通好幾門外語，比如英語和法語。 2) for example一般只列舉幾類人或事物一般只列舉幾類人或事物中的中的一個一個”，其位置可在，其位置可在句首、句句首、句中或句末中或句末，經(jīng)常用逗號分開。如：，經(jīng)常用逗號分開。如：Mr Wang is good at several forei

20、gn languages，for example，English王先生精通好幾門外語，比如英語。王先生精通好幾門外語，比如英語。 3）that is所列舉的數(shù)量等同于所提人或事物所列舉的數(shù)量等同于所提人或事物的總數(shù)的總數(shù)，也需要用逗號隔開，此時不能用，也需要用逗號隔開，此時不能用such as或或for example。意為。意為“也就是，即也就是，即，那，那就是說就是說”。如：。如：Mr Wang is good at two foreign languages, that is，English and French.王先生精通兩門外語，即英語和法語。王先生精通兩門外語，即英語和法語。Onl

21、y one boy student won the first prize in the maths contest，that is，Mike只有一名男生在數(shù)學競賽中獲得一等獎，就只有一名男生在數(shù)學競賽中獲得一等獎，就是邁克。是邁克。用that is，such as，for example填空：(1)He knows three languages，_，Chinese，F(xiàn)rench and English.(2)What would you do if you met a wild animala lion，_?(3)The farmer grows various kinds of crop

22、s，_wheat，corn，cotton and rice.that isfor examplesuch as 【經(jīng)典例題】【經(jīng)典例題】Many famous singers, _ Wang Fei and SHE, have acted in films. A such B for example C that is D such as【答案】【答案】DWarming up:1.Which language is spoken by the largest number of people in the world? (Chinese)2.Which language is most wid

23、ely used in the world? (English)3.How many people speak English in the world today ? 375 million750 millionmore than 1.1 billionHalf of the worlds population(by 2050)as their first languageas a second languageor a foreign languagespeak Englishwill be using it.nCan you think of some English speaking

24、countries? the USACanadaNew ZealandAustraliaSouth Africathe United KingdomIreland IndiaPhilippinesSingaporeMap of the worldEnglish Around the WorldDo they speak the same English ?World Englishes include Canadian, British, American, Australian and Indian English, etc. world Englishes American English

25、 BritishEnglish Australian English Canadian English Singapore English African English Malaysian English Indian EnglishBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishWhat are differences between British English and American English?Am EBr ELook at the pictures. Can you Look at the pictures. Can you speak them in Ame

26、rican English speak them in American English and British English?and British English?soccerfootballAm EBr EeraserrubberAm EBr EliftelevatorAm EBr EflatapartmentDo you want to come to my flat?How far is your apartment? Shall we go to the pub to celebrate your birthday?Wow, bar is a nice place.Wow, I

27、want a tin of Coko, some biscuits and sweets. What about you, Obama?Well, I want a can of milk tea, some cookies and some candy .Hey, lets go and see a soccer game. It is very exciting.Great. I like football match very much.Time to go home. Lets go to the elevator together.Oh no, the lift must be fu

28、ll of people this time. Differences in vocabularyDifferences in vocabulary spellingDifferences in prounciationEnglish-speaking countries:UK, USA, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland mother tongue/ native language:official language:India, Hong Kong, Singapore, the Philippines, etc.R

29、eading The Road To Modern EnglishPre-readingRead the title “The Road to Modern English” and predict (預測預測) what the passage is mainly about?The road to modern EnglishThe roadthe development of English language A. How to learn English wellB. The development of Modern EnglishC. The way to England D. T

30、he difference between Modern English and Old EnglishChoose the main idea of the text. B More and more people speak English.Native English speakers can understand each other but not everything.Para1:Para2:Para 3-4:English is changing over time. (cultures and places)Para 5:English is spoken as a forei

31、gn or second language in many countries.GermanThe history of the English languagelessruledShakespeareEnglishDanishFrenchAmericaAustralia government and education English spellingdictionaryThe American Dictionary of the English Language.in South AsiaChina South Africa Samuel Johnson Born: September 1

32、8, 1709 Write a dictionaryOne of the English languages most profound influences. Two important persons in Para 4 Noah Webster Born: October 16, 1758Died: May 28, 1843When Noah was 43, he started writing the first American dictionary. He did this because Americans in different parts of the country sp

33、elled, pronounced and used words differently. 1. English has/had the most speakers_.nowwhen the British ruled many parts of the worldC. in the time of Shakespeare D. in the 12th century2. Which of the following statements is true?A.Languages always stay the same.B.Languages change only after wars.C.

34、Languages no longer change.D.Languages change when cultures change.A D Choose the correct answer.3. From the passage,we can know English has been influenced by at least _ countries? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 54. Which country has the fastest growing number of English speakers in the world? A. Australia B. C

35、hina C. India D. BritainD B 6. Why is India mentioned in the last paragraph?A. Because India is a typical country who speaks English as a second language because of its long being ruled by Britain.B. Because India has a very large number of English speakers.C. Because India is a country where Englis

36、h plays a very important role in social life.D. Because India has a long history of communication with Britain.7. The passage is organized by _ . A timeThinking Will Chinese English become one of the world Englishes? “Only time will tell”. Why do you think people all over the world want to learn Eng

37、lish?Why do so many people want to learn English ?To use for businessTo use in schoolTo talk to nativespeakersTo read EnglishbooksTo write to pen friendsTo listen to English music and movies1. Nearly all of them lived in England.nearly和和almost 用法明辨：用法明辨：(1)兩者通用的場合兩者通用的場合 a. 在肯定句中在肯定句中 b. 修飾修飾all, ev

38、ery, always 等時等時 c. 在行為動詞的否定式前時在行為動詞的否定式前時e.g. He is almost/ nearly 80 years old.John almost/nearly didnt catch the bus.(2)只用只用almost 的場合的場合a. 和和any, no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere, never 等連用時。等連用時。b. 和和too, more than 等連用時。等連用時。e.g.He almost never did his homework. There is almost none left. (3)

39、只用只用nearly的場合的場合a. 被被 very, not, pretty等修飾時。等修飾時。b. 和具體數(shù)字連用時和具體數(shù)字連用時(nearly常用常用)。如。如:Nearly 100 students attended the meeting.nnot nearly遠非 nvery/pretty nearly幾乎nIts not nearly so difficult as you think.n這遠遠不像你想象的那么難。idiom習語n牛刀小試nIm not_ready.nIve _never seen him.n_no one believed him.nThe book cost

40、 me_60 yuan.nThis is_more than we thought.nI _didnt hear what the teacher said in class.nearlyalmostnearly/almostnearlyAlmostalmost2. than ever before “比以往任何時候更比以往任何時候更”than ever before可看作是可看作是than they ever speak English before 的省略形式。的省略形式。在比較級結構中在比較級結構中, 副詞副詞 ever 與比較級與比較級和最高級連用和最高級連用, 用來加強語氣。如用來加

41、強語氣。如:Youll speak English much better than ever before.Jane looks much prettier than ever before. ever在不同句型中的意義：在不同句型中的意義： 1)曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng); 以前以前 (用于用于陳述句、陳述句、疑問句疑問句) 2)無論什么時候都無論什么時候都(不不) (用于否定句用于否定句) 3)在任何時候在任何時候(用于用于if 從句從句) 4)到底到底; 究竟究竟 (用于特殊疑問句用于特殊疑問句) 5)永遠永遠; 老是老是 (用于肯定句用于肯定句)n那是我見過的最大的魚。n當你在倫敦的時候，你見過她嗎？

42、n這個小山村無論什么時候都沒有發(fā)生過新鮮事。n任何時候有困難時，請打電話給我。n你究竟是誰？n我會永遠愛你。3. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the samekind of English.even if =even though “even if =even though “即使即使”, , 用來引導用來引導一個讓步狀語從句一個讓步狀語從句; ;若主、從句皆表示將來若主、從句皆表示將來情況情況, ,從句中可用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。從句中可用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。Even i

43、f it rains tomorrow, we will leave for Beijing.as if/ though “似乎，好像似乎，好像”，引導方式狀語，引導方式狀語從句從句用用if, as if, even if填空。填空。(1) _ I have money, I wont buy it.(2) _ I have money, I will buy it.(3) It looks _ it is going to rain.(even if 引導讓步狀語從句引導讓步狀語從句; if 引導條件引導條件狀語從句狀語從句; as if/ though “似乎是似乎是”引導方式狀語從句引導

44、方式狀語從句)Even if If as ifWhen talking to a friend over the telephone , you feel that you are close _ the actual distance is not shortened. A. but B. even if C. so D. becauseB4. So why has English changed over time?那么那么, 英語在一段時間里為什么會起變化呢？英語在一段時間里為什么會起變化呢？over 貫穿貫穿, 經(jīng)過經(jīng)過(一段時間一段時間)e.g. Over the years, he

45、 has become more patient. 經(jīng)過這些年經(jīng)過這些年, 他變得更有耐心。他變得更有耐心。周末她會來杭州。周末她會來杭州。She will come to Hangzhou over the weekend.圣誕節(jié)時你在家嗎？圣誕節(jié)時你在家嗎？Will you stay at home over Christmas?over 超過超過(=more than), 再三再三 (again) over 2 minutes over and over5. 教材原句】教材原句】It was based more on German than the English we speak a

46、t present.當時的英語更多地是以德語為基礎，而我們今天所說的英語不是?！揪浞ǚ治觥縨ore. than.與其說倒不如說5. morethan 是是而不是而不是;與其說與其說不如說不如說; 中間接相同成分。中間接相同成分。He is more a friend than a teacher.He is more lazy than stupid.擴展擴展: more than 不僅僅不僅僅; 多于多于; 十分十分e.g. He is more than a teacher in our school.He made more than ten friends in this club.She is more than beautiful.r