M1U1 Energy 能量 科普英語(yǔ)初中高年級(jí)版2015年

1、第一部分 閱讀材料 Part One Reading MaterialsM1U1 物質(zhì)科學(xué) Physical Science 能量 在本單元,我們將學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)于能源,正如我們所知,人類(lèi)需要能源生存,如何獲得的能量將成為中央點(diǎn)。 In this unit, we will learn about energy, As we know that humans need energy to survive, how the energy can be obtained will become the central points. 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)： Learning Objectives:1. 作為能量的一個(gè)

2、來(lái)源來(lái)理解太陽(yáng) Understand the sun as a source of energy.2.了解能量從溫暖的物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)移到?jīng)鏊?。Understand how energy is transferred from warm substances to cooler ones.3.了解如何使用不同的發(fā)電能源。Understand how electricity is generated using different sources of energy.4.了解日常機(jī)制(如火車(chē)和船)是動(dòng)力的能源。 Understand how everyday mechanisms like trains

3、 and boats are powered by energy. 科學(xué)百科全書(shū) Science Encyclopedia 1. 能源可以分為兩類(lèi)：可再生和不可再生能源。 Energy can be divided into two categories: renewable and non-renewable energy.2. 可再生能源的來(lái)源是地?zé)幔L(fēng)能，水能，生物質(zhì)能，太陽(yáng)能。Renewable energy sources are geothermal，wind，hydropower,biomass,and solar.3. 大多數(shù)可再生能源用于發(fā)電。Most renewable e

4、nergy sources are used to produce electricity. 4.不可再生能源是鈾礦(核能)和化石燃料(煤、石油/石油和天然氣)Non-renewable energy sources are uranium ore( nuclear energy) and fossil fuels(coal, petroleum/oil, and natural gas) 物質(zhì)科學(xué) Physical Science1. 環(huán)境與能源之間的關(guān)系是緊密相連的。 The relationship between the environment and energy is closel

5、y connected.2. 每一種能源的使用都會(huì)對(duì)地球產(chǎn)生影響，無(wú)論是排放氣體的產(chǎn)生，影響環(huán)境的建設(shè)和能源植物的建設(shè)和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響。 The use of each source of energy has an impact on Earth whether it is the creation of emission.gases that affect the environment or the construction of energy plants and the effects on ecosystems. 太陽(yáng)能 Solar energyWarm up 熱身你有沒(méi)有想過(guò)什么

6、能量使植物生長(zhǎng)？ Have you wondered what energy makes a plant grow?你讀的時(shí)候要思考的大問(wèn)題. Big question to think about while you read.太陽(yáng)能如何在我們的日常生活中使用？How can solar energy be used in our daily life? content Vocabulary 內(nèi)容詞匯1. solar energy (the energy that comes from the sun)太陽(yáng)的能量 (來(lái)自太陽(yáng)的能量) 2. renewable adj. (of energy

7、and natural resources) that is replaced naturally or controlled carefully and can therefore be used without the risk of finishing it all.可再生的.這是自然的或是可以控制的，因此可以使用，而不需將它完成的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就可以使用了.3.Styrofoam (a soft light plastic material that prevents heat or cold from passing through it,used especially to make con

8、tainers) 聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料 一種能防止熱或冷的柔軟的塑料材料，特別是用來(lái)制造容器的課文： Within the human body, there are many changes and processes that take place. Blood circulates through our veins and arteries. The nervous system sends and receives signals from one part of the body to another. Our glands secrete hormones. These system

9、s all require energy.Where do we get this energy? We get our energy from the food we eat. All of the above need what our body needs to function a source of energy.在人體內(nèi)，有很多的變化和過(guò)程，發(fā)生。血液循環(huán)通過(guò)我們的血管和動(dòng)脈。神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)送和接收來(lái)自身體的一部分的信號(hào)到另一個(gè)部分的信號(hào)。我們的腺體分泌荷爾蒙。這些系統(tǒng)都需要能量，我們從哪里得到這個(gè)能量？我們從食物中得到的能量。所有上述需要我們身體需要的能量來(lái)源。 Human bein

10、gs have learned to use different sources of energy from ourplanet.Energy sources are divided into two categories; renewable and non-renewable.人類(lèi)已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了使用來(lái)自地球不同的能源。能源主要分為兩類(lèi)；可再生和不可再生。 Solar energy is produced by the sun. The sun is the most valuable source of energy on Earth. It permits life to exist. P

11、lants need the sun to produce their food. Plants are the essential food producer in Earth's food chain. Any living thing that forms part of the food chain benefits from solar energy directly or indirectly.太陽(yáng)的能量是由太陽(yáng)產(chǎn)生的。太陽(yáng)是地球上最有價(jià)值的能源。它允許生命存在。植物需要陽(yáng)光來(lái)生產(chǎn)他們的食物。植物是地球食物鏈中必不可少的食品生產(chǎn)國(guó)。直接或間接形成食物鏈利益的任何生物。 So

12、lar energy is a renewable source of energy.Every forty minutes,Earth receives an amount of energy from the sun that is equal to what the whole population on Earth uses in one year.However, the sun is not widely used as a source of energy to run machines太陽(yáng)能是一種可再生的能源，每四十分鐘，地球從太陽(yáng)中接收一個(gè)能量等于地球上所有人口的一年，然而，

13、太陽(yáng)并沒(méi)有被廣泛用作機(jī)器運(yùn)行的能源 . Some people use solar energy to heat their houses, to warn their water, and even to cook.These houses have solar panels that collect and store heat from the sun and convert it to energy.Scientists are developing new and better ways to capture solar energy and store it.This way mo

14、re people can utilize it when and where it is needed.有些人用太陽(yáng)能加熱房子，提醒他們的水，甚至做飯，這些房子有太陽(yáng)能電池板，收集和儲(chǔ)存熱量，并將它轉(zhuǎn)化為能源，科學(xué)家正在開(kāi)發(fā)新的更好的方法來(lái)捕捉太陽(yáng)能并儲(chǔ)存它。熱如何轉(zhuǎn)移？ How is heat transferred? The sun gives us heat. Heat is the name for the energy that is transferred. or moved, from warm substances to cooler ones. For example, h

15、eat is transferred to your body from the sun's rays, and that heat is absorbed by your body. There are also other ways to obtain heat. A light bulb or a candle flame gives off heat. Heat is also transferred to your body when you rub one hand against another.太陽(yáng)給我們熱量。熱量是被轉(zhuǎn)移的能量的名字?；蚴菑臏嘏奈镔|(zhì)到較涼的物質(zhì)。例如

16、，熱量被轉(zhuǎn)移到你的身體從太陽(yáng)的射線，和熱量被你的身體吸收。還有其他的方法來(lái)獲得熱量。一個(gè)燈泡或一個(gè)蠟燭燃燒放出熱量。當(dāng)你與另一只手摩擦?xí)r，熱量也會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)移到你的身體上。我們?nèi)绾伪３譁嘏?？How do we keep things warm?Sometimes we want warm things to stay warm for a longer period of time. For example,when warm bread is brought to a table at a restaurant, it is wrapped in a cloth napkin. The napkin

17、 helps prevent the heat from transferring from the bread to the air. It helps keep the bread warm. Materials like the cotton cloth of a napkin and wool insulate can protect things that are hot from getting cold. Notice how materials like Styrofoam are used in two ways. They keep things warm, and the

18、y also keep things cold.有時(shí)我們想讓溫暖的東西在一段較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)保持溫暖。例如，當(dāng)一個(gè)溫暖的面包被帶到餐廳的桌子時(shí)，它就被一塊布巾包著。餐巾有助于防止熱量從面包傳送到空氣中。它有助于保持面包的溫暖。材料如棉布餐巾和羊毛絕緣保護(hù)的東西都是從熱變冷。注意材料如泡沫塑料是用在兩個(gè)方面。他們把東西保持溫暖，他們也讓東西保持冷。Styrofoam is used to insulate, or keep cool, cold drinks.泡沫是用來(lái)隔離，或是保持冷，冷飲。Styrofoam is used to insulate, or keep warm, hot drink

19、s.泡沫是用來(lái)隔離，或保持溫暖，熱飲料。 Reflection questions on what you read 你所讀到的內(nèi)容反映的問(wèn)題1. Where do humans get the source of energy? 人類(lèi)得到能量的來(lái)源在哪里?2. How is heat transferred? 熱如何轉(zhuǎn)移?3. What can we do to keep the bread warm in a restaurant？在一家餐館里，我們能做什么來(lái)保持面包的溫暖？4. Explain the two-way functions of Styrofoam. 解釋泡沫的雙向功能.第

20、一篇 Energy 能量 詞組表1、material mtrl 材料2、physical fzk()l 物理3、science sans 科學(xué)類(lèi)4、energy end 能量5、human hjumn 人類(lèi)6、survive svav 生存8、central sentr()l 中央9、objective bdektv 目的10、source ss 源11、transferred trænsfd 轉(zhuǎn)移12、substance sbst()ns 物質(zhì)13、electricity lektrst 電14、generated denretd 生成15、mechanism mek()nz()m

21、 機(jī)制16、encyclopedia nsaklpidi 百科全書(shū)18、category kætg()r 類(lèi)別19、renewable rnjubl 可再生21、geothermal di()m()l 地?zé)?2、wind wnd 風(fēng)23、Hydropower hadr()pa 水電24、biomass bamæs 生物量26、produce electricity prdjus 發(fā)電27、uranium ore jrenm 鈾礦石28、nuclear energy njukl end 核能源29、fossil fuels fs()l fjlz 化石燃料30、coal kl

22、煤31、petroleum ptrlm 石油32、natural gas næt()r()l gæs 天然氣33、Physical Science fzk()l sans 物理科學(xué)34、relationship rle()np 關(guān)系35、environment nvarnm()nt 環(huán)境36、connected knektd 連接37、impact mpækt 影響38、creation krie()n 創(chuàng)作39、emission m()n 發(fā)射40、gases æsz 氣體41、affect fekt 影響43、construction knstrk(

23、)n 建設(shè)44、plants plnts 植物45、ecosystem iksstm 生態(tài)系統(tǒng)46、solar energy sl end 太陽(yáng)能47、warm up wm p 熱身48、daily del 每日49、content kntent 內(nèi)容50、vocabulary v()kæbjlr 詞匯51、resource rss; rzs 資源52、naturally næt()rl 自然53、control controll 控制54、therefore ðef 因此55、risk rsk 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)56、plastic plæstk 塑料57、prevent prvent 防止58、container knten 容器59、circulate skjlet 循環(huán)60、vein ven 靜脈61、artery tr 動(dòng)脈62、nervous nvs 神經(jīng)63、gland glænd 腺64、secrete skrit 分泌65、hormone 'hmn激素66、require rkwa 要求67、function f(k)()n 功能69、divide into dvad 分為70、n