混凝土結構配筋設計外文翻譯

1、西南科技大學城市學院本科畢業(yè)論文concrete structure reinforcement design1 concrete structure reinforcement concrete structure's reinforcement divides into the direct reinforcement and reinforces two kinds indirectly, when the design may act according to the actual condition and the operation requirements choice

2、being suitable method and the necessary technology. 1.1 the direct reinforcement's general method1.1.1 enlarges the section reinforcement law adds the concretes cast-in-place level in the reinforced concrete member in bending compression zone, may increase the section effective height, the expan

3、sion cross sectional area, thus enhances the component right section anti-curved, the oblique section anti-cuts ability and the section rigidity, plays the reinforcement reinforcement the role.in the suitable muscle scope, the concretes change curved the component right section supporting capacity i

4、ncrease along with the area of reinforcement and the intensity enhance. in the original component right section ratio of reinforcement not too high situation, increases the main reinforcement area to be possible to propose the plateau component right section anti-curved supporting capacity effective

5、ly. is pulled in the section the area to add the cast-in-place concrete jacket to increase the component section, through new canada partial and original component joint work, but enhances the component supporting capacity effectively, improvement normal operational performance. enlarges the section

6、 reinforcement law construction craft simply, compatible, and has the mature design and the construction experience; is suitable in liang, the board, the column, the wall and the general structure concretes reinforcement; but scene construction's wet operating time is long, to produces has certa

7、in influence with the life, and after reinforcing the building clearance has certain reduction. 1.1.2 replacement concretes reinforcement lawthis law's merit with enlarges the method of sections to be close, and after reinforcing, does not affect building's clearance, but similar existence c

8、onstruction wet operating time long shortcoming; is suitable somewhat low or has concretes carrier's and so on serious defect liang, column in the compression zone concretes intensity reinforcement. 1.1.3 the caking outsourcing section reinforcement lawoutside the baotou steel factory reinforcem

9、ent is wraps in the section or the steel plate is reinforced component's outside, outside the baotou steel factory reinforces reinforced concrete liang to use the wet outsourcing law generally, namely uses the epoxy resinification to be in the milk and so on methods with to reinforce the section

10、 the construction commission to cake a whole, after the reinforcement component, because is pulled with the compressed steel cross sectional area large scale enhancement, therefore right section supporting capacity and section rigidity large scale enhancement.this law also said that the wet outside

11、baotou steel factory reinforcement law, the stress is reliable, the construction is simple, the scene work load is small, but is big with the steel quantity, and uses in above not suitably 600c in the non-protection's situation the high temperature place; is suitable does not allow in the use ob

12、viously to increase the original component section size, but requests to sharpen its bearing capacity large scale the concrete structure reinforcement. 1.1.4 sticks the steel reinforcement lawoutside the reinforced concrete member in bending sticks the steel reinforcement is (right section is pulled

13、 in the component supporting capacity insufficient sector area, right section compression zone or oblique section) the superficial glue steel plate, like this may enhance is reinforced component's supporting capacity, and constructs conveniently. this law construction is fast, the scene not wet

14、work or only has the plastering and so on few wet works, to produces is small with the life influence, and after reinforcing, is not remarkable to the original structure outward appearance and the original clearance affects, but the reinforcement effect is decided to a great extent by the gummy craf

15、t and the operational level; is suitable in the withstanding static function, and is in the normal humidity environment to bend or the tension member reinforcement.1.1.5 glue fibre reinforcement plastic reinforcement lawoutside pastes the textile fiber reinforcement is pastes with the cementing mate

16、rial the fibre reinforcement compound materials in is reinforced the component to pull the region, causes it with to reinforce the section joint work, achieves sharpens the component bearing capacity the goal. besides has glues the steel plate similar merit, but also has anticorrosive muddy, bears m

17、oistly, does not increase the self-weight of structure nearly, durably, the maintenance cost low status merit, but needs special fire protection processing, is suitable in each kind of stress nature concrete structure component and the general construction. this law's good and bad points with en

18、large the method of sections to be close; is suitable reinforcement which is insufficient in the concrete structure component oblique section supporting capacity, or must exert the crosswise binding force to the compressional member the situation. 1.1.6reeling law this law's good and bad points

19、with enlarge the method of sections to be close; is suitable reinforcement which is insufficient in the concrete structure component oblique section supporting capacity, or must exert the crosswise binding force to the compressional member the situation. 1.1.7 fang bolt anchor law this law is suitab

20、le in the concretes intensity rank is the c20c60 concretes load-bearing member transformation, the reinforcement; it is not suitable for already the above structure which and the light quality structure makes decent seriously. 1.2 the indirect reinforcement's general method1.2.1pre-stressed rein

21、forcement law(1)thepre-stressed horizontal tension bar reinforces concretes member in bending,because the pre-stressed and increases the exterior load the combined action, in the tension bar has the axial tension, this strength eccentric transmits on the component through the pole end anchor (, when

22、 tension bar and liang board bottom surface close fitting, tension bar can look for tune together with component, this fashion has partial pressures to transmit directly for component bottom surface), has the eccentric compression function in the component, this function has overcome the bending mom

23、ent which outside the part the load produces, reduced outside the load effect, thus sharpened component's anti-curved ability. at the same time, because the tension bar passes to component's pressure function, the component crack development can alleviate, the control, the oblique section an

24、ti-to cut the supporting capacity also along with it enhancement. as a result of the horizontal lifting stem's function, the original component's section stress characteristic by received bends turned the eccentric compression, therefore, after the reinforcement, component's supporting c

25、apacity was mainly decided in bends under the condition the original component's supporting capacity 。(2) after the reinforced concrete component uses under the pre-stressed to support the type tension bar reinforcement decides, forms one by to reinforce the component and under supports the comp

26、ound ultra statically determinate structure system which the type tension bar is composed, under the outside load and the pre-stressed combined action, in the tension bar has the axial force and through (next supports and pole end anchor spot) with component's combining site transmits for is rei

27、nforced the component, has counter-balanced outside the part the load, changed the original component section endogenic force characteristic, thus sharpened component's bearing capacity. this law can reduce is reinforced component's stress level, not only causes the reinforcement effect to b

28、e good, moreover can also the great scope enhance the structure overall supporting capacity, but after reinforcing, has certain influence to the original structure outward appearance; is suitable as well as is under the high stress, the high strained condition concretes component's reinforcement

29、 in the great span or the heavy structure reinforcement, but in the non-protection's situation, cannot use in the temperature above 600c in the environment, is also not suitable uses in the concrete shrinkage continuous variation big structure. 1.2.2 increases the supporting reinforcement lawthe

30、 addition pivot reinforcement law is through the reduced member in bending effective span, achieves the reduced function, in is reinforced on the component to carry the effect, raises the structure load bearing level the goal. this law simple reliable, but easy to harm building's original condit

31、ion and the use function, possibly and reduces uses the space; is suitable in the concrete term permission concrete structure reinforcement. 1.3 has generally with the concrete structure reinforcement transformation necessary use technology 's 1.3.1 the request trades the technology it is the jo

32、ist (either truss) opens the column (or wall), the joist terminal and the joist trades technologies and so on column to call generally; belongs to one kind of comprehensive technology, by the related structure reinforcement, the superstructure goes against rises with to reposition as well as abandon

33、s technologies and so on component demolition to be composed; is suitable in had building's reinforcement transformation; compares with the traditional practices, has the construction time to be short, the expense low, affects and so on merits slightly to the life and the production, but is high

34、 to the specification, must complete by the skilled worker, can ensure the security. 1.3.2 plants the muscle technology it is one item is simple and direct to the concrete structure, the effective connection and the anchor technology; may implant the ordinary steel bar, may also implant the bolt typ

35、e anchor muscle; has widely applied in had building's reinforcement improvement project, for example: in the construction leaks buries the steel bar or the steel bar deviation designs the position the recovery, the component increases the section reinforcement to make up the muscle, the superstr

36、ucture expands cross, goes against rises to liang, column's lengthening by joining, the house superimposed layer terminal and the high-rise construction addition shearing force wall plants the muscle and so on. 1.3.3crack patching technology according to the concretes crack's cause, the char

37、acter and the size, use seal differently protect the method to carry on patching, one kind of skill which causes the structure because to crack reduces the use function which and the durability can restore; is suitable in had in the building each kind of crack processing, but to the stress crack, be

38、sides patching, still should use the corresponding reinforcement measure. the internal patching law is with the forcing pump the cementing material pressure concretes crack, renders the young or up and coming generation to sew up the function, and makes the original structure through its cementation

39、 to restore the integrity, this method is suitable for the crack opening is big, and durable and so on is influential to the structure integrity and the security, or has request and so on waterproof anti-seepage crack patching. 1.3.4 carbonized concretes repair technology it is refers to through res

40、tores the concretes the alkalinity (inactivation) or increases its impedance to enable the steel bar corrosion which the carbonization creates to obtain the containment technology.1.3.5 concretes surface treatment technology it is refers to uses cleaning up concretes surface stains, the oil mark, th

41、e residual as well as the other attachment and so on chemistry method, mechanical method, sand blasting method, vacuum cleaning method, injection method skill. 1.3.6 coagulation mantle of soil seal technologyit is refers to uses flexible methods and so on aquaseal backfill, polymer grouting, paint f

42、ilm to carry on the waterproofing to the concretes, moisture-proof and against crack processing technology. like the structure, the component shift the technology, the adjustment structure base frequency technology and so on. 1.3.7 other technologies like the structure, the component shift the techn

43、ology, the adjustment structure base frequency technology and so on. 2 bricking-up structure bricking-up structure reinforcement method: the bricking-up structure's reinforcement divides into when the direct reinforcement and reinforces two kinds indirectly, the design, may act according to the

44、actual condition and the operation requirements choice being suitable method. 2.1 suitable for the bricking-up structure direct reinforcement method2.1.1 outside reinforced concrete superimposed layer reinforcement lawthis law belongs to the compound section reinforcement method one kind. its merit

45、is the construction craft simple, compatible, after the bricking-up reinforcement, the supporting capacity has enhances greatly, and has the mature design and the construction experience; is suitable in the column, the belt wall wall reinforcement; its shortcoming is the scene construction wet opera

46、ting time is long, to produces has certain influence with the life, and after reinforcing the building clearance has certain reduction. 2.1.2outside reinforced concrete mortar superimposed layer reinforcement law this law belongs to the compound section reinforcement method one kind. its merit and o

47、utside the reinforced concrete the superimposed layer reinforcement law is close, but enhances the supporting capacity to be inferior to the former; is suitable in the bricking-up wall reinforcement, sometimes also uses in outside the reinforced concrete when the superimposed layer reinforcement bel

48、t engaged column wall the both sides put on the wall stirrup the seal.2.1.3the addition holds the engaged column reinforcement law this law belongs enlarges the section reinforcement method one kind. its merit the superimposed layer reinforcement law is also close with the reinforced concrete outsid

49、e, but the supporting capacity enhances limitedly, and difficult to satisfy the earthquake resistance request, generally only in peneseismic country application.2.2suitable for the bricking-up structure indirect reinforcement method 2.2.1 non-caking outsourcing section reinforcement lawthis law belo

50、ngs to the traditional reinforcement method, its merit is the construction is simple, the scene work load and the wet work are few, the stress is more reliable; is suitable in does not allow to increase the original component section size, actually requests to enhance the section supporting capacity

51、 large scale the bricking-up column's reinforcement; its shortcoming is high for the reinforcement expense, and must use the similar steel structure the protective measure. 2.2.2 pre-stressed stay rod reinforcement law this law can the great scope sharpen the bricking-up column's bearing cap

52、acity, and the reinforcement effect is reliable; is suitable processes the high stress, the high strained condition bricking-up structure reinforcement in the reinforcement; its shortcoming cannot use in the temperature in the 600c above environment. 2.3 bricking-up structure constructivity reinforc

53、ement and patching2.3.1 addition grid reinforcement when the grid establishment does not meet the present design code requirement, either the vertical cross wall interface point nips rubs has the obvious flaw, when either the house integrity is bad, should additionally build the grid to carry on the

54、 reinforcement 2.3.2additionally builds the liang pad reinforcement when under the summer beam the brick setting the wall presents by under the partial squash or the summer beam the partial vertical split, should additionally build liang the pad to carry on the reinforcement. 2.3.3the bricking-up op

55、ens partially builds when house partial breakage but after investigating thoroughly its breakage reason when not yet affects load-bearing and the security, may burst the wall partial demolition, and according to enhances the mortar strength first-level to fill in with the full sized brick builds. 2.

56、3.4bricking-up crack patching before carrying on crack patching, should act according to bricking-up component's stressful condition and crack factors and so on characteristic, determined that creates the bricking-up crack the reason, with the aim of carrying on crack patching target-oriented or

57、 using the corresponding reinforcement measure. 3 steel structures steel structure reinforcement method: the steel structure reinforcement's main method includes: reduces the load, the change structure computation graph, to enlarge the original structural unit section and the joint strength, the

58、 impediment fracture growth and so on. when has the mature experience, may also use other reinforcement method. 3.1 changes the structure computation graph the change structure computation graph's reinforcement method is refers to uses the change load spread condition, the power transmission way

59、, the node nature and the boundary condition, the addition attachment member and the support, exerts the pre-stressed that measures and so on consideration space joint operation to carry on the reinforcement to the structure the method 3.2 enlarges the component section the reinforcement uses enlarges when the section reinforces the steel lumber, chooses the section form to be advantageous in the reinforcement specification and considered already has the flaw and the damage condition. 3.