英文書(shū)信的組成部分

1、 英文書(shū)信的組成部分 郝春利英文書(shū)信一般由六部分組成。即：信頭（Heading）、信內(nèi)地址（Inside Address）， 稱呼（Salutation），正文（Body of Letter）、結(jié)束語(yǔ)（Complimentary Close）、署名（Signature）， 有時(shí)在書(shū)信后面還有附言（Postscript）、附件（Enclosure），這得視具體情況而定。（Heading）信頭是指寫(xiě)信人的地址和寫(xiě)信日期， 一般寫(xiě)在或打在第一面信紙的右上角，先寫(xiě)地址再寫(xiě)日期，地址的寫(xiě)法是從小到大，先寫(xiě)門(mén)牌號(hào)、路號(hào)，再寫(xiě)區(qū)名、市名、省名，最后寫(xiě)國(guó)名。時(shí)間的寫(xiě)法對(duì)英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人而言是不同的。英國(guó)人習(xí)慣按

2、日、月、年的順序?qū)懀?而美國(guó)人習(xí)慣按月、日、年的順序?qū)?。例如?英式：1st October，1999 美式：October 1，1999 在使用前一種形式時(shí)，月和年之間的逗號(hào)可用可不用，但是在后一種形式中，必需要使用逗號(hào)。 信頭的寫(xiě)法有縮進(jìn)式和齊頭式。縮進(jìn)式每行開(kāi)頭向右縮進(jìn)一兩個(gè)字母；齊頭式左邊對(duì)齊排列，如下所示： 縮進(jìn)式 Wang Ming Dept. of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning Province P. R. China 齊頭式 Wang Ming Dept.

3、of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning Province P. R. China（Inside Address） 信內(nèi)地址要寫(xiě)出收信人的姓名和地址。一般給比較生疏的親友的信和公事信件要寫(xiě)出信內(nèi)地址，而熟悉朋友可以省去這一步驟。信內(nèi)地址寫(xiě)出在日期下一兩行的左上角，第一行寫(xiě)收信人的稱呼姓名，然后寫(xiě)出地址。地址也是從小到大寫(xiě)出，分縮進(jìn)式和齊頭式兩種。（Salutation） 稱呼是對(duì)收信人的稱謂。在信內(nèi)地址下一兩行處頂格寫(xiě)起，自成一行。末尾用逗號(hào)或冒號(hào)。 （1）當(dāng)給一位熟悉的人寫(xiě)信時(shí)

4、可以用Dear 或是My Dear。在英國(guó)，My Dear 比Dear親切，而在美國(guó)，Dear比My Dear 親切。 （2）當(dāng)給一位你不知婚否的女性寫(xiě)信時(shí)，可以用Ms.，這是指女士。 （3）在給不熟悉的人寫(xiě)信時(shí)，可以用Dear sir, Dear Madam, Dear sirs, Gentleman 等等。（Body of Letter） 正文是一封信的主體部分。通常在稱呼的下一行寫(xiě)出。正文也可采用齊頭式或縮進(jìn)式的方法。齊頭式是反映每段開(kāi)頭一行和后面行并齊?？s進(jìn)式是指每段的第一行向右縮進(jìn)幾個(gè)字母。信箋講究簡(jiǎn)潔、效率。開(kāi)頭幾句簡(jiǎn)單地寒暄不入正題，在結(jié)尾處要有祝愿和敬語(yǔ)。 常用的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)有： I

5、 have received your letter of July Ist. 7月1 日來(lái)信已經(jīng)收悉。 I have the pleasure to tell you that .很高興告訴你。 I am very much delighted to receive your letter. 非常高興收到你的來(lái)信。 It is my honor to inform you that 很榮幸告訴你。 常用的結(jié)束套話有： I am looking forward to hearing from you 盼早日回信。 Wish best regards. 祝好。 Thank you for you

6、r help 感謝你的幫助！ With my best wishes for your success. 祝你成功。 Wishing you a happy holiday. 祝假日愉快！ Hoping to hear from you soon. 希望能盡快收到你的回信。（Complimentary Close） 結(jié)束語(yǔ)在正文之后隔一兩行的偏右方開(kāi)始寫(xiě)出。開(kāi)頭字母用大寫(xiě)，以后的字母用小寫(xiě)，最后一個(gè)詞后面用逗句。 常用的結(jié)束語(yǔ)有： 一般非正式的關(guān)系： Yours sincerely, Yours truly, Yours faithfully, Most sincerely, Faithful

7、ly yours, 親密的關(guān)系： Love, Yours love, Yours Affectionately, With love, Lovingly yours, Yours ever, 上級(jí)和長(zhǎng)者： Yours respectfully, Faithfully yours,（Signature） 在結(jié)束語(yǔ)的下方是簽名，先手寫(xiě)出，再打出來(lái)。如果收信人不認(rèn)識(shí)寫(xiě)出信人，可以在署名前用括號(hào)標(biāo)出Mr.、Miss或Ms。在名稱下面可注上頭銜。如： Yours sincerely, Lucy Blake (手寫(xiě)) Lucy Blake (Miss)(打印) Sales Manager（Postscri

8、pt）,附件（Enclosure） 在信件正文寫(xiě)作時(shí)可能漏掉了某些事，或臨時(shí)發(fā)生了某事需要補(bǔ)充時(shí)，可以在信下面左下方寫(xiě)出上P.S. 如果隨信有附件可在左下端注明。如： Enclosure:1.Invoice(發(fā)票) 2.Resume(個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷)當(dāng)別人幫了你一個(gè)忙時(shí)，你應(yīng)該給他寫(xiě)封信,以示感激。 Dear John, Thank you very much for the nice birthday present you have sent me! I have been longing for a dictionary for a long time. It will surly be ve

9、ry helpful to my study. Its very nice of you to remember my birthday. Ill make good use of the dictionary and Ill think of you with gratitude and affection every time I use it. Love, Sally當(dāng)申請(qǐng)一項(xiàng)工作，或是申請(qǐng)一個(gè)學(xué)校留學(xué)時(shí)，都應(yīng)該使用申請(qǐng)信。申請(qǐng)信應(yīng)該簡(jiǎn)潔、明確、如實(shí)地反映你的才能、成績(jī)、愿望和目標(biāo)。下面是一封申請(qǐng)留學(xué)的書(shū)信：The Department of Civil Engineering Dali

10、an University of TechnologyDalian 116023 Liaoning Province P.R.China November 20,1999 Prof. Steeve Hunter The Dept. Of Civil Engineering * University New Your, NY 10017 U.S.A Dear Professor Steeve Hunter,I have for many years cherished the hope of studying civil engineering under your personal guida

11、nce as a graduate student in your university, to which your name has added so much luster. I was enrolled to study civil engineering in the Department of Civil Engineering Of Zhejiang University in September 1992.I graduated from Zhejiang University in July 1996. And ever since my graduation, I have

12、 been teaching in the Department of Civil Engineering of Dalian University of Technology. If you could tell the necessany procedure of taking the graduate course of your department, I will be very grateful to you. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. Sincerely yours, ZhaoHui(手寫(xiě)) ZhaoHui （打

13、印）當(dāng)邀請(qǐng)某位朋友參加活動(dòng)，如交游、宴會(huì)時(shí)，可以寫(xiě)一封邀請(qǐng)信。信的語(yǔ)氣應(yīng)該謙遜，熱情。 Dear Mr. Clark, We are wondering if you and Mrs. Clark want to have supper with us on Friday, January 21st at seven oclock? James and I are looking forward with great pleasure to seeing you and Mrs.Clark. We do hope you can come. Sincerely yours, Lucy Whee

14、ler當(dāng)朋友有了喜事，如結(jié)婚、高升、獲獎(jiǎng)的時(shí)候，你可以向他寫(xiě)出一封祝賀信，表達(dá)你的囑咐與恭賀。Mechanical Engineering Department Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning,China November28,1999 Mr. Wang Ximing Mechanical Engineering Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Mass. 02139 U.S.A. Dear Mr. Wang, Thank you

15、 for your letter of November 3,1999. I am sorry not to have written back earlier but time seems to pass so quickly. I learnt from your letter that you had received you masters degree. I would like to congratulate you on your splendid success. In this letter I am bringing you a piece of good news,you

16、r wife gave a birth of a boy last week and she is in good health now. The baby weighed eight jin at birth. Yesterday my wife and some other neighbors went to the hospital to see your wife and to congratulate her on the birth. She told them that she had been nursed with the best care since she was in hospital. Now Im taking the Visiting School Test in Beijing. If I pass the examination, Ill leave for America soon. If n