高考英語(yǔ)詞匯類資料匯總上

1、更多內(nèi)容盡在合成詞也稱復(fù)合詞，顧名思義，就是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞合在一起構(gòu)成的詞，可分別用做形容詞或副詞。合成詞從表面結(jié)構(gòu)上看不拘一格，種類繁多，無(wú)論記憶還是使用都十分困難，那么我們除了簡(jiǎn)單記憶這些詞是由哪些詞構(gòu)成之外，還有沒(méi)有舉一反三的規(guī)律可循呢？下面我們將一一道來(lái)。 i. 復(fù)合形容詞 (compound adjectives)1. 含有分詞的復(fù)合形容詞復(fù)合形容詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞均源于定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。例如：australia is a country which speaks english. （country 由定語(yǔ)從句修飾）澳大利亞是一個(gè)講英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家。australia is

2、 a country speaking english. （country 由現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)修飾）australia is an english-speaking country. （country 由復(fù)合形容詞修飾）以上三個(gè)句子中，我們分別用了三種不同的方法修飾country，三種不同的修飾語(yǔ)與country的邏輯關(guān)系都是country speaks english，因?yàn)閏ountry是動(dòng)作speak的發(fā)出者，按照修飾動(dòng)作發(fā)出者用現(xiàn)在分詞的原則，合成詞應(yīng)該使用english-speaking。然而短語(yǔ)spoken english （英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)）是不同的，這個(gè)短語(yǔ)中被修飾詞english是動(dòng)作sp

3、eak的承受者，因此，用過(guò)去分詞spoken, 以上兩種不同的邏輯關(guān)系必須分清。我們?cè)賮?lái)看幾個(gè)例子：earthshaking changes = changes which shake the earth翻天覆地的變化（changes 是動(dòng)作shake的發(fā)出者）un peacekeeping forces=forces which keep peace聯(lián)合國(guó)維和部隊(duì)（forces 是動(dòng)作keep的發(fā)出者）record-breaking destroy=destroy which breaks record 破記錄的毀壞peace-loving people= people who love p

4、eace愛(ài)好和平的epoch-making decision=decision which makes epoch開(kāi)新紀(jì)元的/劃時(shí)代的決策fine-sounding words=words which sound fine 甜言蜜語(yǔ)soft-feeling materials=materials which feel soft 手感柔軟的面料good-looking gentleman=gentleman who looks good 儀表堂堂的男士hard-working students=students who study hard刻苦讀書(shū)的學(xué)生far-reaching influenc

5、e=influence which reaches far廣泛深遠(yuǎn)的影響easygoing person=person who goes easy 隨和容易相處的人well-being children=children who are well 健康的孩子state-owned enterprises=enterprises which are owned by state國(guó)有企業(yè)hand-made goods=goods which were made by hand 手工制品heart-felt thanks=thanks which are felt by heart 衷心的感謝fas

6、t-developing industry=industry which develops fast 高速發(fā)展的產(chǎn)業(yè)highly-developed countries=countries have developed highly 高度發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家newly-arrived visitors=visitors who have arrived newly 剛剛抵達(dá)的參觀者well-known university=university which is known very well著名的大學(xué)ready-made clothes=clothes which are made and ready

7、 to be used做好的， 現(xiàn)成的衣服self-employed person=person who is employed by oneself非受雇于人的，從事個(gè)體職業(yè)的人snow-covered fields=feilds which are covered by snow白雪覆蓋的田野newly-built airport=airport which is built newly新建的飛機(jī)場(chǎng)從以上例子可以看出，要了解和掌握含有分詞的復(fù)合形容詞，首先必須了解正確使用及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的關(guān)鍵： 準(zhǔn)確了解及物動(dòng)詞的分詞與所修飾的名詞關(guān)系，修飾動(dòng)作發(fā)出者用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，修飾動(dòng)

8、作承受者用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)。 準(zhǔn)確了解不及物動(dòng)詞的所用時(shí)態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)含義或動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，用過(guò)去分詞表示動(dòng)作業(yè)已完成。高考完形填空常用詞匯總結(jié)（原創(chuàng)者 馬漢麗）動(dòng)詞類：1“看” look看的動(dòng)作/ see看的結(jié)果; watch觀察/observe為了研究進(jìn)行的觀察; notice注意catch sight of看見(jiàn)/ stare好奇地看/ glare瞪著看 glance瞅見(jiàn)/glimpse瞥見(jiàn) see a film watch tv2“說(shuō)” telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告訴的內(nèi)容 talk with sb about sth強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話者之間的交流 say st

9、h訴說(shuō)的內(nèi)容 speak in english說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言 whisper sth to sb 耳語(yǔ) inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 說(shuō)服某人做某事 bargain討價(jià)還價(jià) chat聊天 repeat重復(fù) explain解釋 warn警告 remind提醒 discuss 討論debate辯論 figure 指出declare宣布 claim自稱 mention 提起 admit 承認(rèn)deny 否絕 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介紹complain抱怨 3“叫” c

10、ry哭叫 call叫 shout大喊 scream尖叫 moan呻吟 sigh嘆氣 quarrel大吵 4“問(wèn)” ask 詢問(wèn) interview 采訪 express表達(dá) question審問(wèn)5“答” answer回答 respond回應(yīng)(用其他方式回應(yīng)) reply回復(fù) 6 “聽(tīng)” listen to聽(tīng)的動(dòng)作 hear聽(tīng)的結(jié)果 pick up收聽(tīng) overhear無(wú)意聽(tīng)到 7“寫(xiě)” dictate聽(tīng)寫(xiě) write sth 寫(xiě) describe描寫(xiě) drop a line 寫(xiě)信 draw畫(huà) take down/write down寫(xiě)下，記下8“拿/放” take拿走 bring拿來(lái) hold

11、舉著 carry扛，挑 （無(wú)方向性） fetch拿來(lái)拿去 lift舉 put放 lay 鋪/放置 pull拉/push推 9“抓” take hold of 抓著 seize緊抓 grasp 握住 scratch 摳10“打” hit一次性的打擊 beat不間斷的打擊 strike突然的擊打/突然想到 blow吹刮 attack攻擊 11“扔” throw扔 drop掉 放棄 錯(cuò)過(guò) fall 倒下無(wú)意掉下來(lái) wave 招手 shake搖12“送” send寄送 deliver遞送 give給 offer 主動(dòng)給予 see off給某人送行13“摸/抱” touch摸 /fold折疊 /embr

12、ace擁抱 / hug抱/hold 握 in ones arms14“踢/碰” kick踢/knock敲/ tip 輕敲15“行” walk run climb jump skip 單腿跳 slip溜 come/go enter進(jìn)入 move搬遷 drive開(kāi)車 ride 騎fly crawl 匍匐前進(jìn)16“坐” sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站，聳立/ lean斜靠17“睡/休息” lie /on ones back/ on one side/ on ones stomach stay in bed have a rest

13、 take a nap打盹 be asleep bend turn over翻身 rest 18“笑” smile 微笑（不出聲） laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing 19“哭” cry shed tears 留淚 weep嗚咽地哭 sob抽泣 burst into tears /burst out crying20“找/查” find找到 look for正在找過(guò)程 find out查明 discover/explore 發(fā)現(xiàn)/探索 hunt for search for seek / seek for in search of尋找 se

14、arch sb 搜身 search sp. for sth 為某物而搜尋某地 check檢查，核實(shí) examine 考察發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題/體檢 test檢測(cè)，檢驗(yàn) inspect視察21“穿” put on 動(dòng)作 wear穿戴 have on試穿 be dressed in 穿的狀態(tài) make-up化裝 get changed換衣服 be in red take off 脫 remove 去除22“吃/喝” eat/drink sip吮吸 have a meal have supper toast taste treat sb to請(qǐng)某人吃 help oneself to 隨便吃23“得” get o

15、btain acquire獲得知識(shí)和技能 gain possess 24“失” lose 丟了 be lost /be missing人錯(cuò)過(guò)失蹤，不見(jiàn) gone不見(jiàn)（物） great loss die die off相繼死去 die away 逐漸消失25“有” have 有 own是自己的 conquer征服 occupy占有=possess 26“無(wú)” nothing left the remaining thing disappear be missing /gone27“增/減” rise / go up /drop 人主動(dòng)抬價(jià) raise /bring down /reduce in

16、crease/decrease28“買(mǎi)/賣” buy purchase afford pay pay off pay for sell on sale bargain bill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts29“存在/消失”come into being exist appear survive live show turn up disappear die die out pass away be out of sight30“變化” develop improve become grow go+ bad /wrong

17、/ sour /without（ negative adj.） turn + colour change /change into reform 31“認(rèn)識(shí)的過(guò)程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realizeunderstand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to 32“成功/失敗”make it succeed make progress come true realize ones dream win lose fail to do failure defea

18、t suffer loss beat turn sth. into reality 33“努力” try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do 34祝賀 congratulations on sb celebrate observe 慶祝 get together 聚會(huì)35贊美/批評(píng) praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blame criticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion

19、 of sb speak ill of 36喜/惡 like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off 37判斷 think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt 38到達(dá) arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave for on ones w

20、ay to upon ones arrival on doing sth39受傷 hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from suffer a loss40損壞 damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash 41修復(fù) repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself 42支持/反對(duì) agree disagree accept receive refuse turn down be against elect vote for/ ag

21、ainst43 做飯 cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker 44 建議 advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 說(shuō)服45 花費(fèi) sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth sb+afford +n/to do sth it +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at ones expense 4

22、6 省/存錢(qián) save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time 47 參加 take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against 48控告 accuse sb. of charge sb. with 49 救治 help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. treat過(guò)程 / cure 結(jié)果sb. of sth aid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in do

23、ing sth 50敬佩 admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of51逃避 ran away escape from flee hide 52 阻止/禁止 prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth forbid doing sth. ban prohibit 53 對(duì)付/處理 handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth solve settle 54 效仿 copy imitate learn fro

24、m learn 54 爆發(fā)/發(fā)生 come about happen to take place break out burst out go off explosion 55安裝/裝備 fasten fix set equip be armed with 用什么武裝 be equipped with裝備有 56 追求 pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with趕上 keep up with跟上57 想/考慮 think of 考慮/+as把什么看成 think about想起 consider think over仔細(xì)考慮 be conc

25、erned 擔(dān)心 be considerate towards sb.58 打算 plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do 59 似乎/好象 seem appear look like as if as though 60 開(kāi)辦/關(guān)閉 open start set up close/close up end close down 名詞類“1假期vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off2旅游

26、trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking 3職務(wù)人員 clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess assistant customer adult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacher conductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard 4餐館/定餐/就

27、餐 inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray napkin 5診所/看病/服藥 clinic hospital take ones temperature take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient6車站/機(jī)場(chǎng) airport on board mis

28、s the train/bus catch a train meet sb.7身體部位 arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist8意志 will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy9才能/品質(zhì) talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud strict honest cold serious easy-going le

29、arned knowledgeable 10優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) advantage disadvantage strength weakness 11目標(biāo) aim goal intention purpose belief faith 12方式 means method way manner approach13身體素質(zhì) strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight 14圖表 photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a

30、 sketch 劃草圖15文章 reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志 diary日記 files form make a list of16課堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks17 學(xué)校活動(dòng) match g

31、ame activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony 18建議/觀點(diǎn) advice suggestion idea proposal view recommandation19氣候/天氣 climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth 20交通 by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bike give sb. a lift/ride21習(xí)慣

32、habit custom get used to regular有規(guī)律的（形容詞） practice慣例（名詞）22感覺(jué) sight hearing touch smell sense 23情感 feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow 24 財(cái)富 money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamond be rich/well-off25 運(yùn)動(dòng)比賽 on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game match s

33、ports player coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/26衣服 clothes, cloth, clothingclothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)， cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of27事件 incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故形容詞類1人的各種感受 樂(lè)happy delighted to ones joy pleased amused 悲 sad u

34、nhappy painful bitter平靜 calm quiet silent/still peaceful煩bother bored be fed up with 震驚 surprised astonished shocked /amazed 怕 in fear be frightened /scared /afraid失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed滿意be satisfied with /be content to do 生氣 annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage 2 表程度的副詞

35、類 narrowly/ nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quite accidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by far farther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus . 易考的近義詞組run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remain fit/ suit/ match hit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /

36、feel play /performer contain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ dofall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/ money/ account cause/ reason thats why/ thats because because/ since,as/ forlast/ continue keep/ stay/ treat/ cure/ operate separate/ dividestand/ bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/go c

37、hange/vary/rangeprovide/supply/offer/ give/send _（to be continued）1. 增補(bǔ)(addition)in addition另外, furthermor e此外, again, also, besides, moreover此外 , similarly, finally最后2. 比較(comparison)in the same way, likewise同樣地, similarly, equally, in comparison比較起來(lái), just as同樣地3. 對(duì)照(contrast)whereas然而, in contrast

38、與此相反, on the other hand, instead同樣, however然而, nevertheless然而, unlike, even though即使, on the contrary, while4. 因果(cause and effect)because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus5.強(qiáng)調(diào)(emphasis)certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely,

39、 actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most imprtant6. 讓步(concession)although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true.7.例證(exemplification)for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in

40、 other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8.總結(jié)(conclusion)to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary9.推斷(inference)therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise10.時(shí)間和空間(time and space)afterward, after

41、, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of11.啟承轉(zhuǎn)合1) 、啟a proverb says. at present.as the proverb says. currently.generally speaking, . now,.in general, . on the whole.it is clear that. recently.it is often said that. with

42、out doubt, .2)、承first(of all), . moreover, .firstly, . no one can deny that.in the first place, . obviously.to begin with, . of course, .also, . similarly,.at the same time. therefore, we should realize that.certainly. there is no doubt that.in addition,. whats more, .in fact. it can be easily prove

43、d that.meanwhile.3)、轉(zhuǎn)but. still, .but the problem is not so simple.there is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to.however,. to our surprise,.nevertheless, . unfortunately.on the other hand, .yet difference will be found and that is why i feel that.others may f

44、ind this to be true, but i do not. i think.4)、合above all, in brief, .accordingly, . in conclusion, .all in all, .in other words, it is hard to escape the conclusion that.as a consequence, . in short, .as i have shown/said/stated/. in sum, .in summary, . as has been noted, .obviously, . by so doing,

45、.on the whole, . consequently, .presumably, . eventually, .to conclude, . finally, .to sum up, . in a word, .to summarize, . 附音標(biāo)的高考英語(yǔ)考綱詞匯表aae,ei, anen,an art.一(個(gè))；任何都；每(一)；某，某一個(gè)able5eibl adj.能的，能干的，能夠的aboute5bau:t prep.在附近，關(guān)于，在周圍 adv.附近，大約abovee5bqv prep.在上方，超出 adv.在上面 adj.上面的，上述的abroade5brr:d adv.到

46、(在)國(guó)外acceptek5sept vt.接受，承認(rèn)accident5aksident n.c事故according toe5kr:din tu: prep.按照，根據(jù)acheeik n.c疼痛 vi.痛achievee5tfi:v v.達(dá)到，取得；完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)acrosse5krrs prep.& adv.穿過(guò)，在對(duì)面actakt n.c動(dòng)作，舉動(dòng)；節(jié)目；(戲劇的)幕；法案，法令 vi.行動(dòng)；產(chǎn)生的效果；表演；表現(xiàn)；見(jiàn)效 vt.扮演(角色)active5aktiv adj.積極的；活躍的actor5akte n.c(男)演員actress5aktris n.c女演員actual5ak

47、tfjel adj.實(shí)際的，真實(shí)的，現(xiàn)實(shí)的addad vi.&vt.加，增加，增進(jìn)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)addresse5dres n.c住址，通迅處 vt.向致辭，演說(shuō)，寫(xiě)姓名地址admireed5maie vt.欽佩，贊美，羨慕admited5mit vt.接納，讓進(jìn)入，承認(rèn)advanceed5vb:ns vi.前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展 vt.推進(jìn)，促進(jìn)，提升，預(yù)付 n.c,u前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展，進(jìn)步，提升，預(yù)付款advantageed5vb:ntidv n.c,u優(yōu)勢(shì)，長(zhǎng)處，有利條件adventureed5ventfe n.c,u冒險(xiǎn)(活動(dòng))，奇遇 v.冒險(xiǎn)adviceed5vais n.u忠告，建議advisee

48、d5vaiz vt.勸告，建議affaire5fzen.c事件，事情，事務(wù) afforde5fr:d vt.買(mǎi)得起，經(jīng)受得住，承擔(dān)得起afraide5freid adj.(用作表語(yǔ))害怕的，擔(dān)心的；恐怕africa5afrike n.非洲african5afriken adj.非洲的，非洲人的 n.c非洲人after5b:fte prep.在后面 conj.在以后 adv.在后，后來(lái)afternoon5b:fte7nu:n n.c,u下午，午后againe5gein adv.再一次，又，再againste5ge(i)nst prep.相反，反對(duì)，逆著，靠著ageeidv n.年齡，時(shí)代，(用復(fù)

49、數(shù))長(zhǎng)時(shí)間agoe5gej adv.以前agreee5gr: v.同意，贊成，答應(yīng)agriculture5agrikqltfe n.u農(nóng)業(yè)，農(nóng)學(xué)aheade5hed adv.在前面，向前aimeim n.u瞄準(zhǔn)，對(duì)準(zhǔn) c目標(biāo) v.瞄準(zhǔn)，對(duì)準(zhǔn)，以為目標(biāo)airze n.u空氣，天空 c樣子，神態(tài)，氣氛aircraft5zekrb:ft n.c飛機(jī)，航空器airport5zepr:t n.c航空站，飛機(jī)場(chǎng)alivee5laiv adj.活著的，充滿的allr:l adj.全部的，所有的 pron.全體，全部 adv.全部地，都，更加allowe5laj v.允許，準(zhǔn)許almost5r:lmejst

50、adv.幾乎，差不多alonee5lejnadj.單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的adv.獨(dú)自，單獨(dú)，僅僅alonge5lrn prep.沿著，順著 adv.向前，往前；一起aloude5lajd adv.出聲地，大聲地alreadyr:l5redi adv.已經(jīng)also5r:lsej adv.也 conj.又，并且althoughr:l5tej conj.雖然，然而altogether7r:lte5gete adv.完全地，總共always 5r:lweiz adv.總是，永遠(yuǎn)america5emerike n.美國(guó)，美洲americane5meriken n.c美國(guó)(洲)人 adj.美國(guó)(洲)的amonge

51、5mqn prep.在中間，之一andand, end conj.和，又；接著anger5ange n.u生氣，憤怒 v.(使)發(fā)怒angry5agnri adj.生氣的；憤怒的animal5animel n.c動(dòng)物，獸 adj.動(dòng)物的 announcee5najns vt.宣告，宣布，發(fā)表anothere5nqte adj.再一，另一，別的 pron.另一個(gè)answer5b:nse v.回答，答復(fù)；滿足于n.c答案；回應(yīng)anxious5ankfes adj.憂慮的，擔(dān)心的；渴望的any5eni adj.(用于疑問(wèn)句，否定句等)什么；任何的 pron.(無(wú)論)哪些；(無(wú)論)哪一個(gè) adv.略微

52、，一點(diǎn)anybody5eni7brdi pron.任何人anyhow5enihaj adv.無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣；隨便anyone5eniwqn pron.任何人anything 5eniwin pron.任何事物，無(wú)論什么anywhere5eniwze adv.無(wú)論何處，任何地方apologize / apologisee5prledvaiz vi.道歉apologye5pcledvi n.c辯解，道歉appeare5pie vi.出現(xiàn)，看來(lái)，似乎apple5apl n.c蘋(píng)果april5eiprel n.四月(略作 apr.)area5zerie n.c,u面積，地區(qū)argue5b:gju: v.爭(zhēng)論，說(shuō)服，證明armb:m n.c手臂，胳膊；(用復(fù)數(shù))武器 v.武裝，裝備army5b:m