高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)-定語(yǔ)從句Word版

1、2012屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句1.回顧復(fù)習(xí)上節(jié)課虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法：我要睡覺了。希望你能將電視機(jī)聲音調(diào)小點(diǎn)。 If you have really been studying English for so long, its about time you _ able to write letters in EnglishA. should be B. were C. must be D. areHer facial expression suggested that she _ angry.A. should be B. must be C. was D. beWed rather

2、you_ the account tomorrowA. settled B. settle C. will settle D. would settleif only that photo A. hadnt missed B. missed C. not missed D. missing2.上節(jié)課盲點(diǎn)回顧停下來去喝水 停止喝水 Science （科學(xué)的） （科學(xué)家）該上學(xué)了It is time It is time 聽寫單詞： 3.定語(yǔ)從句的概念Green team（綠隊(duì)）Team in green（綠隊(duì)）The team who wear in green.(穿綠衣服的隊(duì)伍) 形容詞 介詞

3、短語(yǔ) 從句（即為定語(yǔ)從句）The Attributive Clause在句子中修飾或限定名詞，代詞的從句就是定語(yǔ)從句 The team who wear in green. 先行詞 關(guān)系詞 定語(yǔ)從句 關(guān)系副詞：where, when，why關(guān)系代詞：which, who, whom, whose, that 4關(guān)系代詞的用法：which, who, whom, whose, that4.1 These are the trees which / that were planted last year。These are the students who won the first place

4、last year.The runner who you are asking about is over there.The games which / that the young men competed in were difficult. 歸納總結(jié)：在定語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)先行詞是事物時(shí)，那么該從句要用關(guān)系代詞： 1 / 7 引導(dǎo)。當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中的先行詞是人時(shí)，該從句要用關(guān)系代詞： 引導(dǎo)，同時(shí)由此可知，whom，whose 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)先行詞也是 。在以上關(guān)系代詞中有一個(gè)萬(wàn)能詞：That他一到定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)先行詞既可以是人也可以是物。 領(lǐng)悟體會(huì)：The number of people who /

5、 that lost homes reached as many as 250,000. 4.2 指出下列關(guān)系關(guān)系詞在句子中所作的成分The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. （ ） The girl whom I met is Lucy.（ ） A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. （ ） I like the book which you bought yesterday. （ ） The boy who / whom / that we saw yesterday was Johns br

6、other. （ ）The book whose cover is yellow belongs to Tom.歸納總結(jié)作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)指人指物既可指人又可指物who與whom 作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別：當(dāng)先行詞后有介詞時(shí)只能用whom, 而不能用who 領(lǐng)悟體會(huì)：I like the person to whom you just talked。 This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.難點(diǎn)，?？键c(diǎn)：以下情況，引導(dǎo)詞用that，不用which。1. 先行詞為不定代詞everything，some, little，much，all，anythi

7、ng，nothing，只用that。 Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen.2. 先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，只用that。 This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.3. 先行詞被the only，the very, the last 修飾時(shí)，只用that。 He is the only person that I want to see now.4. 先行詞同時(shí)指人和指物時(shí)，只用that。 We talked about the things and person

8、s that we saw then.5.主句已有who或which時(shí),只用that。Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?6.先行詞被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)。只用that.Ive read all the books that you lend me.7.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句用that，而不用which.There is a book on the de

9、sk that belongs to Tom.5.關(guān)系副詞的用法：where, when，why5.1 指出下列句子中的先行詞以及關(guān)系副詞在下列句子中的成分Is this the reason why he refused our offer? （先行詞： ）（成分： ）Shanghai is the place where I was born. （先行詞： ）（成分： ）Ill never forget the day when I first went to Beijing.（先行詞： ）（成分： ）歸納總結(jié)：when, where, why關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中只做 ，并且它們的先行詞主

10、要表示 的意思。難點(diǎn)，常考點(diǎn)： Shanghai is the place where I was born. I was born in Shanghai. Shanghai is the place in which ( = where ) I was born. 可見關(guān)系副詞可以根據(jù)先行詞和語(yǔ)境所表達(dá)的意思轉(zhuǎn)化為 的形式。關(guān)系副詞When=on(in, during)whichwhere=on(in, in front of)whichWhy=for which根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用合適的介詞填空Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned u

11、p yet?Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.He helped his father on the small farm which they lived.6.課堂強(qiáng)化練習(xí)1、Do you know the man _ is talking with your father? A. whose B. who C. which2、The boys _ the teacher talked to are from Class One. A. when B. which C. who3. The teacher for

12、 _ you are waiting has come. A. who B. whom C. that4. This book is for the students _ native(本國(guó)的) language is not English. A. that B. of whom C. whose 5. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. A. which B. that C. what6. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. wha

13、t C. that 限制性定語(yǔ)從句 The team who wear in green.7.定語(yǔ)從句 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.歸納總結(jié)：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句最顯著的特征在于 ，限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，從句與其所修飾的先行詞之間關(guān)系很密切，若缺少，句意則不完整，故從句前不用逗號(hào)隔開；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，從句與其所修飾的先行詞之間關(guān)系不太密切，若缺少，句意則仍完整，故從句前一般都用逗號(hào)隔開。 領(lǐng)悟體會(huì)：The water which has been polluted by the facto

14、ry is not fit to drink.被工廠污染的水不宜飲用。（如果缺少定語(yǔ)從句，句子的主要意思會(huì)受到影響）Water, which is a clear liquid, is widely used in our everyday life.水是一種清澈的液體，在我們的日常生活中應(yīng)用非常廣泛。（如果缺少定語(yǔ)從句，句子的主要意不會(huì)受到影響）His brother who is nineteen years old is serving in the army now.他的一個(gè)十九歲的哥哥現(xiàn)在部隊(duì)服役。（表明他不只一個(gè)哥哥）His brother, who is nineteen yea

15、rs old, is serving in the army now.他的哥哥，今年十九歲，現(xiàn)在部隊(duì)服役。（表明他只有一個(gè)哥哥）7.1 He seems not to have understood what I meant, which greatly upsets me. This is the first snow of this year, which tells winter will come soon.歸納總結(jié)：非限定性定語(yǔ)從句可將 作為先行詞, 對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾, 這時(shí)句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)要用 難點(diǎn)，?？键c(diǎn)：關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用that 的情況：先行詞為that， those時(shí)，用w

16、hich， 而不用thatWhats that which is under the desk？ 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which，而不用that.This is the room in which he lives.。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用which， 而不用that.  Tom came back, which made us happy. PS:非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能用which, who, whom, whose, as和where，when 引導(dǎo)而不能用that和why引導(dǎo)，若必須要用到表示原因的引導(dǎo)詞則使用for which。8.特殊關(guān)系代詞As8.1 Th

17、ese are such men as we trust He is not the same man as he was before. This is so difficult question as nobody can answer 歸納總結(jié)：當(dāng)主句先行詞被 等修飾時(shí)，要用 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。8.2 As is known to all, China is a developing country. He is from the south, as we can see from his accent. John, as you know, is a famous writer. He h

18、as been to Paris more than several times, which I dont believe. 歸納總結(jié)：as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個(gè)主句；which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如，正像”的意思 9.課堂強(qiáng)化練習(xí)1.The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it 2. The Beatles, _ many of you are old

19、enough to remember, came from Liverpool.A. what B. that C. how D. as3. Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.（改錯(cuò)）4. Which is known to all, many satellite are going around in the sky. （改錯(cuò)）10.課后高考真題練習(xí)1. Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair.A. whose B. w

20、hich C. who D. that (2006福建卷-22)2. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. that B. which C. when D. where (2005上海卷-40)3. _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As (2004江蘇卷-33)4. I saw a women running

21、towards me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction _ she had come.A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which (2006重慶卷-34)5. She as educated at Beijing University, _she went on to have her advanced study abroad. （2006陜西卷） A. after which from which C

22、. from that D. after that 6. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ means spending tens of thousands of pounds.A. who B. that C. as D. which (2006江蘇卷-29)7.He was very rude to the Customs officer, _ of course made things even worse. A

23、. who B. whom C. what D. which (1999上海)8. Have you seen the boy_? A. that I told B. I told you of C. whom I told you D. I told you of him (2003,北京)9. China has thousands of islands, _ Hainan Island is the largest. A. of them B. among which C. one of which D. among them (2000上海)10. Is this the plane

24、_ he came to New York? A. which B. by which C. that D. in which（2004天津）11. She likes to use words _ is clear to him. A. of which the meaning B. of which meaning C. whose of meaning D. meaning of which（2004江蘇）12. Who _ knows him would trust him? A. whom B. that C. which D. who（2004湖南）13. She is not t

25、he only one of the girls _ well in class.A. which sings B. who sing C. that sings D. who to sing（2004全國(guó)II）14. She described in her compositions the people and places _ impressed her most. A. where B. that C. which D. who（2005重慶）15. He lend me several books, _ were very good. A. five of which B. of w

26、hich C. which of five D. five （2005江西）16. We still remember the day _ we spent doing the experiment. A. when B. which C. what D. on which（2001 福建）11.參考資料10.1如何選用定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞1.首先分清主句和定語(yǔ)從句2.確定定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞3.把先行詞帶回到定語(yǔ)從句中去，看其在定語(yǔ)從句中做什么語(yǔ)法成分（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)）4.若先行詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)則選擇關(guān)系代詞，若在從句中做狀語(yǔ)，則選擇關(guān)系副詞。10.2定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句從形式上看好像沒什么區(qū)別，實(shí)際上從含義和功能上看，還是比較易區(qū)分的。同位語(yǔ)從句的先行詞一般為fact, idea, news, thought, reply, report, problem等抽象名詞，而且關(guān)聯(lián)詞大都為that，在idea, problem等詞后根據(jù)句意可能