高中英語虛擬語氣公開課精品課件最全版經(jīng)典實用

1、 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣1.英語動詞有三種語氣英語動詞有三種語氣: : 陳述語氣，祈陳述語氣，祈使語氣和使語氣和虛擬語氣。2.2. 定義：用來表示說的話定義：用來表示說的話不是事實，或者是或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設的語氣叫虛擬語氣。語氣叫虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣定義虛擬語氣定義虛擬語氣的考點虛擬語氣的考點 1.1.一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法；一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法；2.2.條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；3.3.名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法；名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法；4.4.狀語從句中虛擬語氣的用法；狀語從句中虛擬語

2、氣的用法；5.5.幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣用法；幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣用法；6.6.虛擬語氣與陳述語氣的判定。虛擬語氣與陳述語氣的判定。一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法時時 間間 if if 條件句條件句主主 句句過去過去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在助動詞助動詞 be用用 were 實義動詞實義動詞 do 用用 did would should + do sthcouldmight將來將來did / were should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldmigh

3、t1.一般條件句中的虛擬語氣一般條件句中的虛擬語氣1. if i had taken your advice, i wouldnt have made a mistake.2. if he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.3. if i had hiv, i would know because i would feel sick.4. if i were you, i would give aids patient a hug.與現(xiàn)在事實相反與現(xiàn)在事實相反與過去事實相反與過去事實相反5. if it should rain tomorrow,

4、 they wouldnt go for an outing.6. i think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.7. if we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.與未來事實可能相反與未來事實可能相反if i were you, i _ buy the house right now. a. wont b. dont c. wouldnt d. cant2. _more careful, his

5、 ship would not have sunk. a. if the captain were b. if the captain had been c. should the captain be d. if the captain would have been 3. if he _ me tomorrow, i would let him know. a. should call b. should not have been able c. were not able d. are not able bca2.2.條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝； 條件從句中含有條件

6、從句中含有should，were， had 三個助動詞三個助動詞可將其放在句首，并把可將其放在句首，并把if省略。省略。if i were you, i would give it up.were i you, i would give it up. if i had had time, i would have run round that lake again.had i had time, i would have run round that lake again.if there should be a flood, what should we do?should there be

7、 a flood, what should we do?3. 混合混合(時間錯綜時間錯綜)型虛擬語氣：型虛擬語氣： 假設條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句假設條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設的謂語動詞不一致，叫做錯綜條件所假設的謂語動詞不一致，叫做錯綜條件虛擬語氣。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照虛擬語氣。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照假設的時間而定。假設的時間而定。if the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.if you had followed the teachers advice, you wo

8、uldnt be in the hospital. without和和but for構(gòu)成虛擬。構(gòu)成虛擬。 without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. but for your help, i wouldnt have finished the work.but for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.4. 含蓄虛擬條件句：含蓄虛擬條件句：if it were not (had not been) for 5. 虛實結(jié)合條件句。虛實結(jié)合條件句。

9、she wasnt feeling very well. otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early. he telephoned me to inform me of your birthday, or i would have known nothing about it. i should have returned the book last week, but i was so busy that i forgot to do so. he could have done the work well, but he was

10、 so careless.真實語氣真實語氣 + otherwise/or + 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣 + but + 真實語氣真實語氣名詞從句中虛擬語氣的用法名詞從句中虛擬語氣的用法1）wish引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句wish 現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來：未來：過去時 (did/were)過去完成時 (had done)would/could/might+v. i wish i were a bird. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) i wish i hadnt made such a mistake. (過去過去) we wish our parents wouldnt punish us.

11、 (未來未來)1. 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣賓語從句中的虛擬語氣2）表示堅持，命令，要求，建議的動詞后）表示堅持，命令，要求，建議的動詞后賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。一個堅持：一個堅持：insist兩個命令：兩個命令：order, command 三個建議：三個建議：advise, suggest, propose四個要求：四個要求：demand , require, request, desire 這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞用法。即從句中的動詞 使用使用should + should + 動詞原動詞原形，或者將形，

12、或者將shouldshould省略。省略。 我們建議我們建議tom去休息一下。去休息一下。 他堅決要求我到場。他堅決要求我到場。 國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑。國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑。 他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌e suggested that tom (should) have a rest.he insisted that i (should) be present.the king ordered that the prisoners (should) be executed the next day.they requested that we (

13、should) send them to work there. 以上動詞相應的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主以上動詞相應的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句）也要使用虛擬語從句，表語從句和同位語從句）也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣。語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desiredemand, request, desire its suggested that the plan be ca

14、rried out. my demand is that she should come to see me once a week. all of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.2. 主語從句中的虛擬語氣主語從句中的虛擬語氣1）its essential /necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that - 從句中的動詞要用虛擬，從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即即(should)+動詞原形動詞原形1.it is important that we

15、( should ) master a foreign language.2. it is strange that she refuse to come to the party.3. its necessary that we should study hard.2）its a pity/ no wonder + that - 從句中從句中的動詞要用虛擬，表示驚訝，遺憾，惋惜的動詞要用虛擬，表示驚訝，遺憾，惋惜等感情色彩，即等感情色彩，即should+動詞原形動詞原形1.it is a pity that she should refuse to accept the offer.2. i

16、t is no wonder that john should have won the game.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣 a、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣在動詞 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虛擬語氣?？碱}點擊：考題點擊： the teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock. a. fin

17、ished b. be finished c. should finish d. finish2. - what did the doctor say about your mothers illness? - he suggested that she _ an operation at once. a. must haveb. hadc. have d. had hadbcb、主語從句中的虛擬語氣、主語從句中的虛擬語氣基本句型：基本句型： it is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted；

18、 + (should) do it is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative it is a pity, a shame, no wonder 考題點擊：考題點擊：1. is it necessary that he _ the examination? a. takesb. has to takec. must taked. take2. it is strange that he _ you this. a. would tell b. should tell c. had tol

19、d d. has tolddbc、表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣、表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣 在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should）+動詞原形。my idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.i make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 考題點擊：考題點擊： his suggestion that

20、 you _ once more sounds reasonable. a. try b. tries c. must try d. can trya狀語從句中虛擬語氣的用法狀語從句中虛擬語氣的用法 1）as if /as though現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時過去完成時 he looks as if he were drunk. they talked as if they had been friends for years. she loves the baby as if it were her own son. it seems as if it were spring. i remembe

21、r the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. 2）in case, for fear that, lest 等引導的等引導的虛擬語氣虛擬語氣1. he took his raincoat with him in case it should rain.2. i will not make a noise for fear that i should disturb you. i was afraid to open the door lest he should follow me.常用虛擬語氣的其他句型常用虛擬語氣的其他句型1. wou

22、ld rather that -現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來：未來： i would rather you paid me now. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) i would rather you had gone, too. (過去過去) dont come. i would rather you came tomorrow. (未來未來)過去時過去時過去完成時2. if only (要是要是就好了就好了) if only i knew his name!if only we had followed your advice!if only i could see him again! 要是我們的父母能

23、和我們住在一起就好了。要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。 要是我沒錯過火車就好了！要是我沒錯過火車就好了！if only our parents could live with us!if only i hadnt missed the train!3. its high time +that -should +v.過去時你該走了。我們該睡覺了。its high time that you went.its high time that you should go.its time that we went to bed.its time that we should go to bed.

24、 陳述語氣與虛擬語氣陳述語氣與虛擬語氣典型例題典型例題5) the volleyball match will be put off if it _. a.will rain b. rains c. rained d. is rained6) - would you have called her up _ possible? - yes, but i _ busy doing my homework. a. had it been was b. if it was were c. if it had been had been d. if it were would beb該句為陳述語氣，因

25、為主句用的是該句為陳述語氣，因為主句用的是 will be put off。真。真實條件句主句為將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代將來時。實條件句主句為將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代將來時。問句中用的是虛擬語氣，主句用問句中用的是虛擬語氣，主句用 would have called, 從從句中與過去相反的動詞形式為句中與過去相反的動詞形式為 had done；答句中表示；答句中表示的是真實的情況，所以該用陳述語氣。的是真實的情況，所以該用陳述語氣。a高考題點擊高考題點擊7) you didnt let me drive. if we _ in turn, you _ so tired. a. droved

26、idnt getb. had drivenwouldnt have got c. drovewouldnt get d. were drivingwouldnt get 8) it is hard for me to imagine what i would be doing today if i _ in love, at the age of seven, with the melinda cox library in my hometown.(02 上海) a. wouldnt have fallen b. had not fallen c. should fall d. were to fall前句用的是陳述語氣，表示過去發(fā)生的事；后句是虛擬語氣，表示與過去相反。bb該句主句中用的是與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語氣，而從句中使用的是與過去相反的虛擬語氣。全句意思為“如果我不在七歲時迷上了我們家鄉(xiāng)的 melinda cox library，我真不能想象我今天會做什么。” 經(jīng)典題目經(jīng)典題目1. if you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. asked would kn