諾如病毒研究進(jìn)展及一起郵輪諾如病毒感染疫情的實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)ppt課件

1、 Source: Foodborne Outbreak Reporting System /foodborneoutbreaks/細(xì)菌：傷寒、副傷寒沙門氏菌，鼠疫桿菌Slutsker L, et al. Ann Intern Med 1997; 126:505-13食源性急性胃腸炎的防控依然是食源性急性胃腸炎的防控依然是很大的挑戰(zhàn)！很大的挑戰(zhàn)！Kapikian AZ, et al. Visualization by immune electron microscopy of a 27-nm particle associated with acute infectious non

2、bacterial gastroenteritis. J Virol, 1972, 10 (5): 1075-1081. 流行現(xiàn)狀：流行現(xiàn)狀：我國(guó)流行現(xiàn)狀我國(guó)流行現(xiàn)狀我國(guó)流行現(xiàn)狀我國(guó)流行現(xiàn)狀53HelProPolORF 1ORF 2ORF 3155358537469506950758876541789530212CapsidSource: GenBank M87661GIII.1_JenaGIII.2_CH126GI.3_Desert ShieldGI.7_WinchesterGI.8_BoxerGI.4_ChibaGI.5_MusgroveGI.2_SouthamptonGI.6_Hesse

3、GI.1_NorwalkGV.1_MurineGIV.1_AlphatronGII.15_J23GII.4_BristolGII.11_SW918GII.8_AmsterdamGII.9_Virginia BeachGII.14_M7GII.7_LeedsGII.12_WortleyGII.1_HawaiiGII.16_TiffinGII.2_MelkshamGII.5_HillingdonGII.10_ErfurtGII.13_FayettevilleGII.17_CS-E1GII.3_TorontoGII.6_Seacroft.10GVGIVGIIIGIIGIClusters differ

4、 by 20% amino acid pairwise distanceGenogroups differ by 44-55% amino acid pairwise distance1腹瀉86%嘔吐78%腹部疼痛或絞痛 30%惡心無(wú)嘔吐 15%嗜睡8%發(fā)熱7%肌肉疼痛7%頭痛6%頭暈4%脫水4%寒顫3%喉嚨疼痛1%鼻出血1%1234567Exposed to the VirusSymptoms (Vomiting and/or Diarrhea)Life Cycle of Virus by DaysContagious Time Frame (even when symptoms are n

5、o longer present)將重懸離心分別得到的病毒顆粒與規(guī)范血清共孵育后再經(jīng)負(fù)染后在鏡下察看來(lái)檢測(cè)病毒。雖然這種方法可以較好地濃縮病毒顆粒，但靈敏度依然較低，對(duì)NVs檢測(cè)的陽(yáng)性率只需20%左右。固相免疫電鏡的方法是將特異性抗體直接包被載網(wǎng)，同時(shí)參與蛋白A添加抗體與標(biāo)本中抗原結(jié)合的時(shí)機(jī)，從而提高檢測(cè)的靈敏度。上述三種方法都要求察看者具有豐富的閱歷，同時(shí)，精細(xì)的檢測(cè)儀器、較大的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，都制約了該方法在NVs檢測(cè)中的運(yùn)用。結(jié)果闡明，與傳統(tǒng)的RT-PCR方法相比，IDEIA和Ridascreen這兩個(gè)品牌的試劑盒對(duì)NVs的檢測(cè)靈敏度分別為38%和36%，特異性為96%和88%。之后的兩項(xiàng)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果雖然有提高，但靈敏度也僅在60.%76.9%和59%80.3%之間。闡明雖然對(duì)單個(gè)樣品的診斷能夠還存在問(wèn)題，但可運(yùn)用于NVs大規(guī)模迸發(fā)后的篩查。Unpublished results by Wang J. and Zhang Z.確定檢測(cè)工程，檢測(cè)方法排查方案一排查方案二結(jié)果：TIPS: for sample c