English usage1

1、 english usageliu yeling idiom phrase or sentence whose meaning is not clear from the meaning of its individual words and which must be learnt as a whole unit eg.give me a hand 幫我一下忙 foot the bill. 付賬 “honey, let me take you out to dinner. but you know i dont feel like dressing up to go someplace fa

2、ncy. how about just going down the street to the greasy spoon and getting hamburgers.” “親愛的,讓我?guī)闳ネ饷娉酝盹埌?。不過,我實在不想穿得必恭必敬的去那些大飯館。咱們就上街那頭那個小飯館小飯館去吃漢堡包,怎么樣? i havent had a chance to prepare any notes so all i can do is start talking and play it by ear. “我今天沒有什么準(zhǔn)備，所以就只好講到那兒就算那兒了.”in for a penny, in for a

3、pound you never know when hes done with you, and if youre in for a penny, youre in for a pound. 你根本不知道他什么時候會不要你，不過既來之，則安之。 this phrase is used when the same loss or danger is incurred whether the previous responsibility has been great or small 既來之，則安之； 騎虎難下； 一不做，二不休 some stock holders invested more

4、money on that stock for they are in for a penny, they are for a pound. 一些股民繼續(xù)投資買那支股票，因為他們已經(jīng)騎虎難下了。 its a wise man that never makes mistakes. 無論多么聰明的人，也難免犯錯誤。 “it is a形容詞名詞that.”結(jié)構(gòu)是一個特殊的習(xí)慣用法，意思是“無論怎樣的也不”。真正的句子意思與字面意思相反，它具有含蓄的讓步意味，切不可望文生義、譯成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 its a long lane that has no turning. 無論怎樣長的巷子也有轉(zhuǎn)彎處。 its

5、a good horse that never stumbles. 再好的馬也有失蹄的時候。 im too anxious to know the result. 我極想知道結(jié)果。 英語中“too.to.”結(jié)構(gòu)表示“太以致不”的意思。例如：the star is too small to see.但是，如果too后形容詞表示主語的狀態(tài)、心理活動、情感態(tài)度(常見的有g(shù)lad，easy，ready，anxious，eager，willing，happy等)，并與其后的不定式構(gòu)成固定搭配，這時too含有肯定意義，表示“very，extremely”的意思。 they are too anxious

6、to leave. 他們急于離去 mr. smith was too eager to see her. 史密斯先生極想見到她。 its three years since he was a teacher. 他不當(dāng)教師已經(jīng)三年了。 在“it is some time since主語謂語其它成分?！边@一結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果從句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞，那么時間的計算就從該動作的發(fā)生開始算起。例如：its three years since he joined the army.他參軍已經(jīng)三年了。如果從句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，時間就要從該動作的結(jié)束算起。 its many years since they

7、 lived here. 他們不在這兒住已經(jīng)好多年了。 all that glitters is not gold. 閃光的東西不一定都是金子。 在句中當(dāng)不定代詞all，both，every及every的復(fù)合詞，副詞always，often，entirely與not一起使用時，表示部分否定，意思是“并非都是”，“不是每個人都”等。 i dont remember all these formulas. 這些公式我并非全都記得。 every man cannot do it. 并非每個人都能做這個。 注意：當(dāng)all，both，every等詞和帶im-，in-，un-，dis-等表示否定意義的前綴

8、的詞連用時，表示全部否定的意義。如：all your answers are incorrect.你所有的答案都不正確。再者，表示全部否定時，我們常使用no，not，no- body，nothing，never，nowhere，neither等詞。 none of the teachers smoke. 這些老師都不抽煙。 the mountain is not valuable because it is high. 山并不因為高而具有價值。(山不在高) 含有原因狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句，形式上雖然否定主句的謂語，然而意義上則是否定該原因狀語，譯為“并不因為而”。 galileo was not

9、 ready to accept it just because aristotle had said so. 伽利略并不只是因為亞里斯多德說過某事如何如何，就輕易相信它。 i didnt pretend to understand what he said. 我假裝沒懂他說的話。 常用動詞pretend，happen的否定形式有兩種：既可以否定pretend，也可以否定其后的不定式，其意義不變。 i didnt happen to be there.i happened not to be there. 我恰巧不在那兒。 lets have a rest under the big tree

10、. its nice and cool here. 讓我們在大樹下歇會吧。這兒很涼快。 nice and，good and都表示“很，非常，完全”的意思。and前的形容詞實質(zhì)上起副詞作用，修飾后邊的形容詞，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。 i am good and ready. 我都準(zhǔn)備好了。 one cant be too honest. 人越老實越好。 句中“cannot.too.”意為“無論怎樣也不過分”或“越越好”。該句型中的not可以換成hardly，never或scarcely；too可以換成over或enough等，意思不變。 you cannot be too careful. you cannot be over careful.you cannot be careful enough. 你越仔細(xì)越好。 朋友越多越好。 a man can never have too many friends. this is the last thing i would ever want to do. 這是我最不愿做的一件事情。 “t