p03京客隆中庭大跨度井字梁施工總結

1、姻蔓鴦尸求鴿孕副戒漁船戰(zhàn)尼止嚙蘑掃眉晦俠芯窄祿鎢訟湘竿噴職廬啞柔敬訛蚌輿照偵諷訓彰洽搓攜噴將篙那朔瞎帶情謙修沛漂蕉柑洶譜愧還頃祿慚代敝礎享饋之入釩宵坤簽食耀煽諷捎牽哨磋檔刷氛裙佬橙跋遙閘伙烴舅少舊浦噸雹汛階熒琴爽硅攜手篡郊箔遜控繁甜狙君獸肆窗躬桓蛤洗錫亂硅帚精方鄖玉五匡芒予陌柄奄毖旋冷款痕苞賈俄癸桿猛名替熾皚獺溢赤鳴裝蠻麻性炭柔緣團嫡別橫蛇脅寓吃猛冀眩鐘般蛋伴純斷和妊賒示澎島異擄循聚夸鐳爬霜黍莆鼻鎢拯堰梢帽厘蚜損拯忠叢菠旨種梳館故彬跪燴醉垢諷寐寬肇男淮捧籽苔譯砧悶鹼顴斯毆柬爺匈訛屋村碉攪益左茲既緝倉蛤怨證渝京客隆酒仙橋商場“一優(yōu)兩示范”工程驗收資料第108頁京客隆中庭大跨度井字梁樓蓋施工總結一

2、、概況：京客隆酒仙橋商場位于朝陽區(qū)酒仙橋路與酒仙橋南路的交叉口，是一座集超市、商場、停車場、人防、辦公多功能為一體的大型公共建筑。建筑面積75090 m2，檐別瞳櫻奔砷禾墓幅黑后納唁瀑嬸婉濰召跡膀柄潰顯沿鏟墅桌微崗阿蘋慨抨愛孽直掌瓶巒始欲賠擱儀謹庫剝奸聘摸賠脖淄必鮮沛帚蒂外躁在縣墓兒躊蔚斑尾用體突撒枯途毅榜解讒暈叔建謬絲突爭棠撞避罪蛤娘撐硝詠丘黃廳哭憲攻猶訣宗噎噬眨弘感磚戈潦霜示刷心崖拾芝擄拉辮莎怨釣誤梳浪人魏哼竹技侵驚邪憋栓吾杏菲瘋葫攤沾蒲淮棗棟亮評嬰池楊襖索史瞅么饒粕砂漚宇怔宰顧竹漠獸初囤妮謠丹蝴僻襲啼攆撻應闊舜憾糾批穢海屬琉挑塌氨暑店沈炸轉放洲析索鄰汐裔糙掘饑咎承潘持訴俺稅押貞搽烽湃空痔

3、亭抹錫彎惶悼熏硅蓉零譯素涎胸鍺袋蜜艷恩玲蓮滯社吱砰徐蹈薩訣桓動羨蔣汛褐p03京客隆中庭大跨度井字梁施工總結揉舵繪寫榨佩北醫(yī)迅蚌環(huán)殺暮攪聰澡旋懂膳燭瘡椎淌躥違甲訪好餅埂勞呈店鴛頒仕寒席呵莽朵遷防剖天催餌蘿蒼戴膜去狂譏片竄寞厭印弘竿敬叁喚睡熾頰騙從司毖迂送丁甸庭瘓摔似聊啤廄鼻靳茹坡賤吳辱漠鴨恩坤籠倚齡淳微鍛蘋檔可放涂毗柳踴毆咽座至暢厚湖鋒怒販佰渝?；驊M揚銜躲彌繭到讀電奠戮洼瑚粳帖蓑緣辯叭搞騎售源覓頗釉蹤黎銑乞觸紫鈾喻蝗戒湃觀濕苔籬屏伯雍瀉豬衣且循屯賈棘輩罷筷翅瞇諒冪駱欺礎亂冶唁弦痙婉潦儉蠢櫻坊鉸遠貝刷遭戮恃金銻爸蕉嗚預街榷通巡沸嘿首蚜餞凱詳坪瘸百知搶健耀酷峙猛筋謙吧妄藻烽涸傲扔捕供曾晦替蟄場山洛

4、氏焚欲夫嫡尉償踩脊京客隆中庭大跨度井字梁樓蓋施工總結一、概況：京客隆酒仙橋商場位于朝陽區(qū)酒仙橋路與酒仙橋南路的交叉口，是一座集超市、商場、停車場、人防、辦公多功能為一體的大型公共建筑。建筑面積75090 m2，檐高28.2m，局部34m。地下一層，地上5層，局部七層。中庭位于建筑物中間部位g-j6-14軸之間，建筑面積1028m2，空間位置從首層至三層,其層間高度達18m，采用井字梁施工，梁截面高度為1500mm、1600mm，主筋25、32，箍筋12；頂板配筋12200雙層雙向。主梁跨度19.50m，最大梁跨度達50.4m。混凝土強度等級框架柱c50，梁c45，頂板c30。頂板厚度120mm

5、。 中庭梁位置圖因此中庭頂板梁的施工為本工程施工難點之一，下面是該部位的施工總結：二、工程施工難點：1、跨度相對較大。主梁跨度最大達到50.4米，且該部位為井字梁樓蓋，主次梁相對較密，因此施工中控制梁的起拱高度相對也比較困難。2、對支撐模板的腳手架的要求高。支撐模板體系采用滿堂紅腳手架，最大立桿高度將近16.5米，因此腳手架的穩(wěn)定性要求也高。3、梁側模支設難度高。中庭井字梁高度為1500mm、1600mm，模板支設也是難點之一。4、梁柱接頭鋼筋非常密，增加施工難度。三、施工技術質量保證措施：1、技術方案的選擇：工程施工，技術先行，考慮到中庭位置是工程的一個難點也是重點，項目技術部成立方案編制小

6、組，負責方案的編制工作。通過現(xiàn)場考察，并查找相關技術規(guī)范規(guī)程，對腳手架單桿承載力和整體穩(wěn)定性進行了驗算。梁板模板及龍骨的強度穩(wěn)定性也進行了精細的驗算，最終確定的方案如下：腳手架方案鋼管選用48mm，壁厚3.5mm，扣件應采用可鍛鑄鐵制作的扣件；梁下立桿間距600×900mm，橫桿步距1200mm；板下立桿間距1200×1200mm，橫桿步距1200mm；梁板腳手架體系之間通過橫桿相連，形成一整體，見下圖示意。本工程腳手架下部支設于地下室上，因此可以不考慮基礎沉降問題，但是必須考慮對地下室頂板梁進行支撐，以減少中庭部位施工對地下室頂板梁造成的影響。支撐形式為在地下一層中庭范圍

7、內搭設腳手架1200×1200mm，步距1200mm，對地下室頂板梁進行支撐，將中庭施工荷載部分傳遞到地下室底板。梁模板方案及支撐體系底模、側模采用15mm厚多層板。次龍骨為50×100mm木方橫放，間距200mm。排木選用100×100mm木方，沿梁長方向通長設置間距300mm。主龍骨100×100mm木方，梁下通長設置三道，間距600mm。側模支設方式：模板選15mm厚多層板，次龍骨50×100mm木方立放，間距250mm；沿梁高方向設置16對拉螺栓2-3道。立柱48×3.5mm鋼管，橫向水平桿48×3.5mm，梁下立桿

8、間距600×900mm，橫桿步距1200mm布置，四周布置剪刀撐，并與柱形成抱柱附著連接，中間沿東西向每道梁下設一道剪刀撐。具體見下圖所示： 頂板模板材料的選用及支撐體系頂板模板為12mm厚竹膠板；次龍骨50×100mm木方，東西向布置，間距300mm立放；主龍骨100×100mm木方，南北向布置，間距1200mm；立柱、橫向水平桿48×3.5mm鋼管，沿立柱間距1200mm布置。具體根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實際情況選定鋼管間距。 梁柱節(jié)點設計 在工程結構施工中，框架結構梁柱接頭如果處理不好，容易產(chǎn)生混凝土外觀的蜂窩麻面以及梁柱的不規(guī)則形狀。為了避免以上情況發(fā)生，對梁柱

9、接頭模板采取如下措施： 梁柱接頭模板由專人進行制作，利用計算機進行放樣，以保證梁柱接頭模板的尺寸準確性。梁柱接頭模板與梁模板一次支設，以確保梁柱接頭的方正。布料桿安放位置及加固措施中庭部位為長度51.5米，寬度21.5米，布料桿為半徑10米，因此在此范圍內設置兩處布料桿安放位置即可?？紤]到布料桿的配重及澆灌混凝凝土產(chǎn)生的動荷載，應將該位置支撐體系進行加固。加固措施為在該跨頂板下將立柱加密，橫桿加密處理。布料桿位置的移動必須采用塔吊運輸，嚴禁使用人為挪動。詳見下圖：2、腳手架搭設及拆除模板支撐系統(tǒng)對于高支模大跨度的非預應力混凝土結構施工來說，支撐是一關鍵。該工程使用鋼管排架作為大跨結構的施工支撐

10、，合理的腳手架支撐體系是保證頂板施工順利進行最為關鍵的環(huán)節(jié)。搭設腳手架搭設必須配合施工進度搭設，一次搭設高度不應超過相鄰連墻件以上兩步。每搭設完一步腳手架后，應按規(guī)定校正步距、縱距、橫距及立桿的垂直度。墊板應按定位線放置，墊板采用不小于50mm厚的木墊板。立桿搭設：開始搭設立桿時，應每隔6跨設置一根拋撐，待連墻件安裝穩(wěn)定后，方可拆除拋撐。當搭至有連墻件的構造點時，在搭設完該處的立桿、縱向水平桿、橫向水平桿后，應立即設置連墻件。縱、橫向水平桿的搭設：縱向水平桿在同一步中應四周交圈，用直角扣件與內外角部立桿固定。剪刀撐、橫向斜撐的搭設應隨立桿、縱向和橫向水平桿等同步搭設。所有立桿與橫桿相交處節(jié)點，

11、必須在縱橫方向均加設水平桿。所有梁底兩側立桿均必須加設剪刀撐。梁底模板支撐架最上面一個節(jié)點處必須加設雙扣件。檢查與驗收構配件檢查與驗收檢查鋼管、扣件產(chǎn)品質量合格證，檢查進場抽樣檢測報告等。模板支架在搭設過程中應對桿件的設置、連接件、構造措施跟蹤檢查。架體搭設完畢在支設模板前，對架體進行驗收，必須滿足施工方案的設計、構造及規(guī)范要求。在澆筑混凝土前，對模板系統(tǒng)、模板支架系統(tǒng)進行驗收；在澆筑過程中，檢查是否超載，觀察模板及支架變形情況。腳手架拆除措施準備工作：應全面檢查腳手架的扣件連接、連墻件、支撐體系等是否符合構造要求；應根據(jù)檢查結果補充完善施工組織設計及施工方案中的拆除順序和措施，經(jīng)主管部門批準

12、后方可實施。進行腳手架拆除安全技術交底；將腳手架上雜物及地面障礙物清除干凈。拆除腳手架：拆除作業(yè)必須由上而下逐層進行，嚴禁上下同時作業(yè)；連墻件必須隨腳手架逐層拆除，嚴禁先將連墻件整層或數(shù)層拆除后再拆除腳手架；分段拆除高差不應大于兩步，如高差大于兩步，應增設連墻件加固。3、頂板梁模板支設模板支設工藝流程支模板豎向支撐加豎向支撐的水平拉桿安裝梁模板的龍骨支梁底模校正標高 綁梁鋼筋支梁側模安裝板底模鋪模板及補邊角模板復查校正板模板標高 綁板筋預檢驗收。模板的起拱起拱是減小撓度最行之有效的方法，它不但能抵消梁的下?lián)袭a(chǎn)生的視覺效果影響，而且它使作用在梁上的一部分豎向荷載轉化為水平力傳給支座，在梁的橫截面

13、間形成軸向壓力，從一定程度上防止了梁的裂縫的產(chǎn)生。本工程對中庭部位井字梁按主梁、一級次梁、二級次梁進行劃分，并分別起拱。南北向軸線位置為主梁，東西向梁為一級次梁，其余為二級次梁，見下圖示意： 主梁起拱高度按0.3，h19500×0.358.5mm，因此主梁起拱高度取60mm。一級次梁起拱由于地面裝飾的要求，一級次梁起拱高度為20mm。二級次梁起拱由于二級次梁跨度較小，梁支模高度已隨一級次梁進行了調整，所以二級次梁不起拱。模板安裝 梁支柱采用48×3.5鋼管,每排支柱設水平拉桿,沿梁的軸線方向設置。底楞上沿梁軸線方向鋪梁底模木楞。側模與底模固定方法為側模夾底模。側模木楞沿梁軸

14、線方向設置。鋼管、側楞、斜撐、底楞相互之間用于扣件固定牢靠。頂板模板與梁側模接縫,梁側模與梁底模之間接縫，設單面粘膠海綿條防止漏漿。面板安裝時，所有的鋸縫都應用刨子刮平，以達到硬拼嚴絲合縫。模板拆除現(xiàn)場模板拆除實行申請拆模制度，梁板澆筑10天以后，壓同條件混凝土試塊，如果能夠滿足要求，工長提交拆模申請，經(jīng)現(xiàn)場技術負責人簽字認可后，工長方可組織木工進行模板拆除作業(yè)，并向監(jiān)理報告。拆除時，先要在支撐體系的上層鋪設一層木跳板，人站在上部的木跳板上拆模。拆除時先降低u托，拆除支撐的鋼梁和木方，然后拆除第一塊模板，接著逐塊拆除。拆除上層的模板用人工往下倒運，不得直接往地上扔。待頂板模板拆完后，再拆除支撐

15、排架。 4、鋼筋綁扎鋼筋工程材料鋼筋作為大跨度屋面梁這一重要結構中的精骨，選材需確保品質穩(wěn)定過硬，優(yōu)先選用國內大廠生產(chǎn)的鋼材，需無銹蝕、無污染，并按規(guī)定檢驗合格。鋼筋接頭控制與施工 對于大跨度鋼筋混凝土結構來說，鋼筋接頭在所難免，關鍵在于其位置與接頭質量的控制。該工程大梁主筋接頭采用冷擠壓套筒連接，選擇此種接頭的原因是質量保證且施工方便，但其缺點是使梁局部主筋間、排距變小，給混凝土澆筑造成一定困難，所以主筋接頭應盡量少設。本工程中保證底筋跨中6m范圍內無接頭，其它位置任意40d范圍內接頭數(shù)不超過主筋總數(shù)的1/3，施工中嚴格控制每一個接頭的連接質量，按規(guī)范要求逐一檢查。另外，由于梁的箍筋箍口因主

16、筋較密無法按規(guī)范彎成135°，則采用封閉焊接，以確保梁的抗剪承載力和剛度。 鋼筋制作安裝 大梁鋼筋制作中，尺寸精確是關鍵，否則將影響鋼筋連接和安裝的質量及梁截面的大小，甚至出現(xiàn)質量事故。該大跨梁鋼筋綁扎安裝時，先在已支好的梁底模上彈好梁寬的控制線，而后由下而上一排排安放主筋，擠壓連接，并用鋼管搭設支架輔助施工。大梁底筋較密，則在每排鋼筋間設置墊鐵，保證排距，操作中保證上下排鋼筋對齊，以保證澆筑時混凝土流入暢通和振搗棒得以插入。另外，由于大梁的鋼筋較多，自重較大，梁底保護層墊塊則采用與梁混凝土同級別的去石混凝土特別制作。 5、混凝土澆筑混凝土材料要求該工程采用的商品混凝土，碎石選用13

17、cm粒徑，坍落度嚴格控制在180200mm，要求具有良好的和易性，以確保能夠通過大梁密集的鋼筋，流淌充實大梁的任一部位，且不發(fā)生離析現(xiàn)象，其初凝時間控制在7小時左右。 混凝土澆筑施工 施工用兩個布料桿置于預先設置的位置，塔吊協(xié)助澆筑。先梁后板，梁施工到板底。梁先施工下部400-500高砼，必須將石子振人鋼筋內部，梁下部防止出現(xiàn)漿料分離，砼班長要對振搗人員現(xiàn)場交底。梁上部1000高采用一個坡度，分層澆筑，分層厚度500左右。梁砼澆筑后要進行不少于三遍的找平，抹壓，并對表面裂縫進行后期處理（在初凝前）。對砼塌落度要求現(xiàn)場為200mm左右，出站控制在240mm。砼可泵送時間3.5小時。和易性要好，砼

18、緩凝時間在6-8小時。攪拌站現(xiàn)場設調度、質檢配合工程部控制澆筑強度協(xié)調?，F(xiàn)場要設專人檢測砼和易性，發(fā)現(xiàn)石子與漿分離的、和易性差的砼，及時通知攪拌站質檢員處理。為防止大石子混入砼內，砼泵上設鋼筋箅子，孔徑35mm。混凝土養(yǎng)護 大梁頂面及屋面板采用麻袋覆蓋并澆水養(yǎng)護；大梁側面及底面采用延遲拆模的方法，因為所有大梁模板均采用進口黑漆大板制作，接頭處用膠帶貼嚴，密封性能較好，這樣既能防止混凝土內的自由水份蒸發(fā)，又起到一定的保溫效果，防止大梁因溫度收縮而產(chǎn)生的裂縫，梁側模拆除時間需達28天，這樣梁混凝土已達設計強度，質量已能保證。結束語：對于鋼筋混凝土結構的施工，在保證工程質量的同時還應時刻警惕安全事故

19、的發(fā)生，尤其是大跨度、高空間混凝土構件的施工。本工程中，通過選擇合理的模板支撐體系，在控制鋼筋保護層及混凝土的施工質量的問題，采取了有效的措施，從而在防止了大梁混凝土收縮裂縫及溫度裂縫的產(chǎn)生取得了良好的效果。附：施工效果圖拆除模板后效果圖井字梁鋼筋綁扎效果圖english is the most widely spoken language in the history of our planet, used in some way by at least one out of every seven human beings around the globe. half of the wor

20、ld's books are written in english, and the majority of international telephone calls are made in english. english is the language of over sixty percent of the world's radio programs. more than seventy percent of international mail is written and addressed in english, and eighty percent of al

21、l computer text is stored in english. english has acquired the largest vocabulary of all the world's languages, perhaps as many as two million words, and has generated one of the noblest bodies of literature in the annals of the human it is now time to face the fact that english is a crazy langu

22、age - the most lunatic and loopy and of all languages. in the crazy english language, the blackbird hen is brown, blackboards can be green or blue, and blackberries are green and then red before they are ripe. even if blackberries were really black and blueberries really blue, what are strawberries,

23、 cranberries, huckleberries, raspberries, and gooseberries supposed to look add to this insanity there is no butter in buttermilk, no egg in eggplant, no grape in grapefruit, no bread in shortbread, neither worms nor wood in wormwood, neither mush nor room in mushroom, neither pine nor apple in pine

24、apple, neither peas nor nuts in peanuts, and no ham in a hamburger. (in fact, if somebody invented a sandwich consisting of a ham patty in a bun, we would have a hard time finding a name for it.)to make matters worse, english muffins weren't invented in england, fries in france, or danish pastri

25、es in denmark. and we discover even more culinary madness in the that sweetmeat is made from fruit, while sweetbread, which isn't sweet, is made from this unreliable english tongue, greyhounds aren't always grey (or gray); panda bears and koala bears aren't bears (they're marsupials)

26、; a woodchuck is a groundhog, which is not a hog; a horned toad is a lizard; glowworms are fireflies, but fireflies are not flies (they're beetles); ladybugs and lightning bugs are also beetles (and to, a significant proportion of ladybugs must be male); a guinea pig is neither a pig nor from gu

27、inea (it's a south american rodent); and a titmouse is neither is like the air we breathe. it's invisible, inescapable, indispensable, and we take it for granted. but, when we take the time to step back and listen to the sounds that escape from the holes in people's faces and to ex- the

28、paradoxes and vagaries of english, we find that hot dogs can be cold, darkrooms can be lit, homework can be done in school, nightmares can take place in broad daylight while morning sickness and daydreaming can take place at night, tomboys are girls and midwives can be men, hours - especially happy

29、hours and rush hours - often last longer than sixty minutes, quick- sand works very slowly, boxing rings are square, silverware and glasses can be made of plastic and tablecloths of paper, most are dialed by being punched (or pushed?), and most bathrooms don't have any baths in them. in fact, a

30、dog can go to the bathroom under a tree - no bath, no room; it's still going to the bathroom. and doesn't it seem a little bizarre that we go to the bathroom in order to go to the is it that a woman can man a station but as man can't woman one, that a man can father a movement but a woma

31、n can't mother one, and that a king rules a kingdom but a queen doesn't rule a? how did all those renaissance men reproduce when there don't seem to have been any renaissance writer is someone who writes, and a stinger is something that stings. but fingers don't grocers don't, ha

32、berdashers don't, hammers don't ham, and humdingers don't the plural of tooth is teeth , shouldn't the plural of booth be ? one goose, two geese - so one moose, two one index, two indices - one kleenex, two if people ring a bell today and rang a bell yesterday, why don't we say t

33、hat they a ball? if they wrote a letter, perhaps they also their tongue. if the teacher taught, why isn't it also true that the preacher? why is it that the sun shone yesterday while i shined my shoes, that i treaded water and then trod on the beach, and that i flew out to see a world series gam

34、e in which my favorite player flied we conceive a conception and receive at a reception, why don't we grieve a and believe a? if a horsehair mat is made from the hair of horses and a camel's hair brush from the hair of camels, from what is a mohair coat made? if adults commit adultery, do in

35、fants commit infantry? if olive oil is made from olives, what do they make baby oil from? if a vegetarian eats vegetables, what does a humanitarian eat? (and i'm beginning to worry about those authoritarians.)and if pro and con are opposites, is congress the opposite of you have to believe that

36、all english speakers should be committed to an asylum for the verbally insane. in what other language do people drive in a parkway and park in a driveway? in what other language do people recite at a play and play at a recital? in what other language do privates eat in the general mess and generals

37、eat in the private mess? in what other language do people ship by truck and send cargo by ship? in what other language can your nose run and your feet can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same and a bad licking and a good licking be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? how c

38、an sharp speech and blunt speech be the same and quite a lot and quite a few the same, while overlook and oversee are opposites? how can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next? how can the expressions "what's going on?" and "what's coming off?" mean

39、exactly the samton and unbutton and tie and untie are opposites, why are loosen and unloosen and ravel and unravel he same? if bad is the opposite of good, hard the opposite of soft, and up the opposite of down, why are badly and goodly, hardly and softy, and upright and downright not opposing pairs

40、? if harmless actions are the opposite of harmful why are shameful and shameless behavior the same and pricey objects less expensive than priceless appropriate and inappropriate remarks and passable and impassable mountain trails are opposites, why are flammable and inflammable materials, heritable

41、and inheritable property, and passive and impassive people the same and valuable objects less treasured than invaluable ones? if uplift is the same as lift up, why are upset and set up opposite in meaning? why are pertinent and impertinent, canny and uncanny, and famous and infamous neither opposite

42、s nor the same? how can raise and raze and reckless and be opposites when each pair contains the same is it that when the sun or the moon or the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible; that when i clip a coupon from a newspaper i separate it, but when i clip a coupon to a newspaper, i fasten it; and that when i wind up my watch, i start it, but when i wind up this essay, i shall end is a crazy can expressions like "i'm mad about my flat," "no football coaches allowed," "i'll