外文翻譯藍牙技術應用于手機銀行

1、bluetooth technology used in mobile bankingabstractmobile banking (m-banking) has been welcomed in most of the countries as a new branch in electronicbanking (e-banking). in developing countries such as iran mobile banking is limited to fields such as sms due to lack of infrastructure and because of

2、 high costs. in this paper we present a method for developing banking services through mobile phone in the bank area. in our method a server which is capable to be connected through bluetooth is installed inthe bank and offered banking services. customers inside the bank and also around the bank are

3、 connected to the bank system through bluetooth technology and handle their banking operations through their mobile phones. this way they won't pay any additional cost and for example they can handle operations while they are inside their car parked near the bank. moreover they can handle some o

4、f their other banking operations through their mobile phones while they are dealing with other activities inside the bank. this way they can use their time in an optimal way and the banks can alsoavoid the rush hours. since our method using bluetooth, most of mobile phones can use this system.keywor

5、ds: mobile banking (m-banking), wireless communication, bluetooth technology.1. introductionafter internet entered into our daily life, most of dimensions of our lives such as education,communication, business, etc, were overshadowed by this novel phenomenon. one of these dimensions is to handle ban

6、king affairs through the internet (figure 1).by using the internet we don't have to go to the bank and it is possible for us to handle our banking operations anywhere and anytime. furthermore there are not such difficulties as busy and crowded banks. therefore the customers can save their time.

7、on the other hand the customers' expenses are decreased. in this system we don't have to be faced the problem of banks being closed at non-working hours and we can handle banking affairs all the time. therefore it saves the customers'time and money.on the other hand in recent years mobil

8、e phones have been developed and widely used. after the mobile phones have got so developed and sophisticated and have been modified to be capable of new services the banks took into consideration the presentation of banking services through mobile phones. to mention the reasons of superiority of m-

9、banking (mobile-banking) over e-banking (electronic-banking) we can point to the following items 2, 3:1- no place restriction: in m-banking we can handle our banking transactions wherever we are and whenever we want.2- high penetration coefficient: high coefficient of mobile-phone use in the world g

10、uaranteesprobability of growth and success for mobile banking services.3- fully personalized: mobile phones are completely private and are used only by its owner. therefore it increases authenticity of identification of the people who use the banking services. 4- availability: most people carry thei

11、r mobile phones with them wherever they go whether indoors or outdoors. as a result it is possible to offer banking services to customers all the time. of course mobile banking has some disadvantages; too. among most important items of these disadvantages we can point to lack of proper keyboard for

12、most mobile phones, small display and uncertainty of users about security system of mobile banking. but as a whole mobile banking has been welcomed due to increase of customers' welfare and decrease of costs of banking services.mobile banking is divided into mobile forwarding services and mobile

13、 banking services. mobile banking services which are the same as normal banking services are divided into four types:1- notifications and alerts: these services are presented for advising the customers of the transactions done or to be done concerning his account.2- information: the special pieces o

14、f information concerning transactions and the amount of money available in customer's account are sent at certain intervals.3- applications: in this type of services an application is sent to the server concerning the account or special transaction.4- transfer: through this service banks can tra

15、nsfer amount of money between customer's accounts or pay an amount to a third party.to implement mobile banking we require an infrastructure server such as wap (wireless application protocol), i-mode, palm.net, etc. for exchange of information with the customer we can use services such as sms (s

16、hort messaging service) or mms (multi messaging service) . but in some developing countries such as iran services like wap have not been welcomed due to high costs. suchdifficulties and such other problems as low-speed internet through mobile phone and continuous disconnection through mobile phone h

17、ave caused mobile banking to be limited to such services as banking through sms in these countries. bluetooth technology can be briefly defined as a standard of short-wave radio frequency for wireless connection of such devices as pocket pcs, mobile phones, and desktop computers. this technology wor

18、ks with 2.45 giga hertz frequency (figure 2) and covers a scope up to 100-meter distance with the maximum transfer speed of 3 mbits per second (in bluetooth 2 standard). bluetooth can be connected to 8 appliances at the same time . primarily designed as a cable replacement technology, bluetooth has

19、become increasingly popular in modern mobile phones with an estimated 24 million bluetoothenabled in use in 2002 .currently, with mobile phones its main use is for the connection of hands-free devices (figure 3) and for synchronizing with desktop computers. however, with enabled devices now deployed

20、 on a wide scale, the potential for low cost multi-user personal area networkspresents itself . in this paper a method is proposed for expansion and development of banking services through mobile phones inside banks and in the bank area. main goal in this method is to offer banking services in bank

21、area through mobile phone without paying for any costs in order to decrease the rush hours and amount of banking operations done by the bank clerks. in this method bank customers can be connected to server installed inside the bank through bluetooth technology and to handle their banking affairs thr

22、ough their mobile phones. this server will be capable to offer banking services through bluetooth technology. details of this project will be dealt with in the next section.in third section we will point to some advantages of this method. in final section we will make the final conclusion.2. the sug

23、gested ideabluetooth is a technology enabling users to create wireless personal. area networks (wpans); allowing a range of devices to communicate in a local area without wires. operating in the industrial, scientific and medical (ism) band at 2.45ghz. the main advantages of bluetooth are its low po

24、wer and cost, and its ability to give high connection reliability in a crowded area of the spectrum. bluetooth devices are currently available in three power bands and have a maximum range from 10m to 100m. to minimize any interference, bluetooth devices use 79 channels within the ism band, occupyin

25、g 1 mhz each. frequency hopping is used, with a nominal rate of 1600 hops per second. bluetooth supports up to 3 synchronous voice channels at 64kb/s each way and asynchronous data at up to 723.2 kb/s asymmetric or 433.9 kb/s symmetric . most important advantages of this technology are its wireless

26、characteristic, low costs and its being automatic. in our suggested method a computer is installed as aserver inside the bank. this service can offer m-banking services and is equipped with bluetooth. by help of this technology the server can be connected with other devices equipped with bluetooth l

27、ying in 100-meter scope. since bluetooth radio waves can pass through the walls too, the server can be connected to other devices equipped with the bluetooth outside the bank and render the banking services. customers whose mobile phones support bluetooth technology can be connected to the server th

28、rough bluetooth inside and outside the bank and in the area which is under the cover of the server if they have already subscribed for using m-banking services and have a user account. after entering into the bank system through their user accounts the customers can handle their banking affairs thro

29、ugh mobile phones in the same way as they do the normal services of m-banking. due to low-speed internet and high-cost of internet for mobile phones in such developing countries as iran, using this service is almost fast and does not incur any cost. of course we must point out that applications of t

30、hese two services (mobile banking and presentation of banking services through mobile in bank area) are different and it is not advisable to compare and contrast these two services.3. advantagessome important features of our method are as follow: 1. we can handle our banking operations while we are

31、sitting in our car through mobile phone without having to go into the bank. 2. we can do our other banking operations through this service while we are waiting for our turn before a counter.3. due to using bluetooth technology, it is possible to offer m-banking services to several people (in accorda

32、nce with the number of servers) through mobile phone. 4. today mobile phones are widely used by people all the time and most of mobile phones are equipped with bluetooth technology. as a result this service can cover a wide range of bank customers. 5. not only mobile phones but also other wireless d

33、evices such as pocket pcs, pdas, and laptops are also capable to use this service by help of bluetooth technology. 6. security of this service is higher than internet systems due to application of bluetooth. bluetooth scope is only 100 meters, so it is safer than sms or other services. of course as

34、we mentioned earlier it is not advisable to contrast and compare these systems with a usual m-banking system because these two systems are different in terms of their applications. 7. using this service does not bring about any costs. moreover it does not require sophisticated devices and can be use

35、d by help of simple mobile phones, equipped with bluetooth, being available in the market. 8. we can do some banking activities through automatic teller machines (atm) by help of this service. therefore the banks will avoid long lines at their atms. 9. even when the banks are closed we can use this

36、service to handle some banking affairs.4. conclusionthis paper presents a method for offering banking services through mobile phones in the bank area by help of bluetooth technology in order to decrease visits to the interior of the banks and to avoid the rush hours inside the banks. due to low spee

37、d internet and high rate of internet for mobile phones in developing countries such as iran, using this service will have an approximately high speed and will not incur any costs. due to widespread growth of mobile phones this system can cover a wide range of users. this system not only decreases vi

38、sits to interior of the banks but also can decrease some visits to atms (automatic teller machine) for handling such affairs as inspection and checking of our account balance and alleviate problems of these appliances. right now other wireless standards are being developed which are far quicker than

39、 bluetooth and can cover a larger area. a sample of these technologies is wi-fi wireless standard which have been implemented even on mobile phones recently. wi-fi is a limited-range wireless networking protocol based on the 802.11 family of standards; uses spectrum in the 2.4 ghz range to exchange

40、data at broadband speeds. therefore we can enhance the advantages of these systems through replacing bluetooth with these standards. we can use this service not only in banks but in other places such as shops and restaurants. the similar method can be used for taking exams and quizzes using mobile p

41、hones through bluetooth.藍牙技術應用于手機銀行摘要手機銀行，作為電子銀行的一個新分支，在大多數(shù)國家廣受歡迎。在發(fā)展中國家，例如伊朗，由于成本過高，缺乏基礎設施建設，手機銀行僅限于電信運營商提供的短信服務的領域。本文研究旨在通過手機銀行在銀行領域發(fā)展銀行服務業(yè)務。我們使用的方法是通過在銀行當中安裝可以以藍牙相連接的服務器用以提供銀行服務。在銀行周圍或是其中的客戶通過藍牙技術和銀行相連接，通過移動電話銀行處理所需要解決的銀行業(yè)務。這樣，他們將不用支付任何額外費用。例如將車停在銀行附近的停車場里處理相關的銀行業(yè)務。此外，在銀行內(nèi)部處理業(yè)務的同時也可以通過他們的移動電話處理一些

42、其他銀行業(yè)務。而他們與一些銀行的其他活動的內(nèi)部處理。這樣他們就能以最佳方式使用他們的時間。而銀行也可以避免高峰期。而我們所使用的是大多數(shù)手機都可以適用的藍牙技術。關鍵詞：手機銀行，無線通信，藍牙技術。1介紹當互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進入我們的日常生活中，教育，通訊，商業(yè)，生活等多方面都被其所覆蓋。而其影響之一便是可以通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來處理銀行相關業(yè)務。通過使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，我們不必去銀行便能夠隨時隨地處理銀行業(yè)務。客戶們再也不需要面對忙碌擁擠的銀行柜面。客戶在節(jié)省寶貴時間的同時也節(jié)約了業(yè)務費用。在這個系統(tǒng)中，我們可以隨時隨地的處理銀行業(yè)務而不必限制在八小時的工作時間。因此，節(jié)省了客戶的時間和金錢。另一方面，近年來手機已經(jīng)得

43、到廣泛的發(fā)展與應用。經(jīng)過對手機進行先進的開發(fā)與利用，銀行已經(jīng)考慮通過先進的手機技術來為銀行來提出更多的服務。手機銀行在電子銀行業(yè)務當中具有以下幾大優(yōu)勢：（1）沒有地域限制。通過手機銀行，我們可以在任何時候處理交易。（2）高使用率：移動電話的高使用率使得手機銀行的推廣成為可能（3）完全私有化：移動電話的支配完全完全取決于它的使用者。因此大大提高了手機銀行的安全性。（4）可用性：無論身在何處，大多數(shù)人會隨身攜帶他們的移動電話。因此銀行可以在任何時間為客戶提供銀行服務。當然，手機銀行也有不可回避的缺點。而在這些缺當中，最為重要的便是缺乏適當大小的鍵盤，顯示屏過小以及移動銀行系統(tǒng)用戶安全的不確定性。但

44、是由于手機銀行為用戶帶來了方便，為銀行降低了成本，所以手機銀行依然被大家所歡迎。手機銀行業(yè)務可以分為售前服務和售后服務兩部分，相似于傳統(tǒng)的柜臺業(yè)務，手機銀行業(yè)務可以分為以下四部分：（1）賬戶通知與提醒：這項服務主要針對用戶賬戶業(yè)務的提醒，（2）余額查詢：定時發(fā)送用戶賬戶相關的交易信息和資金量。（3）應用：當有與賬戶有關的特殊交易時，在這種服務類型的應用程序向服務器發(fā)送有關帳戶或特殊交易。（4）轉移：通過這項服務，用戶可以在賬戶之間進行資金轉賬或者進行第三方支付。當然，為了實現(xiàn)手機銀行，我們需要一個如wap（無線應用協(xié)議）和服wu器等基礎設施。我們可以使用諸如sms（短消息服務）或mms（多信息

45、服務）服務與客戶進行信息交流。但是在一些發(fā)展中國家，例如伊朗的手機銀行服務，wap因其較高的成本并沒有受到歡迎。組如此類的困難包括其他的一些網(wǎng)速慢，手機持續(xù)很長時間不能聯(lián)網(wǎng)等問題都大大的影響到了手機銀行業(yè)務在發(fā)展中國家的使用效果。藍牙技術可以被簡單的定義為短波無線電頻率，從而作為掌上電腦，手機，和臺式電腦等設備的無線連接標準。這種技術與2.45千兆赫茲的頻率的涵蓋范圍可達100米的距離和每秒3兆位的最大傳輸速度。藍牙可以在同一時間連接8個設備。藍牙作為電線的替代技術而設計，現(xiàn)今已成功普及在移動電話功能當中，估計2002年在使用藍牙有約2400萬。目前，移動電話的主要用途是用于免提裝置連接以及與臺式電腦同步。然而，現(xiàn)在啟用的大規(guī)模部署設備，使得潛在低成本多用戶個人區(qū)域網(wǎng)絡可以更好的發(fā)展。本文的研究旨在通過銀行領域內(nèi)的移動手機銀行來進一步擴大和發(fā)展銀行業(yè)務。通過這種方法，銀行可以不花任何成本為用戶辦理業(yè)務，分散了高峰期銀行職員所要負擔的高業(yè)務量。在此方法銀行客戶可以通過藍牙技術與銀行內(nèi)部服務器相連接，并通過他們的移動電話處理銀行事務。此服務器能夠通過藍牙技術提供銀行服務。該部分的詳情，將在后面的內(nèi)容中加以解釋。在第三