完整虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法表格歸納圖

1、 狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if引導(dǎo)的條件句中的用法三點(diǎn)：從句（條件）主句（目的）表示于現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句if+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（be用were） if i had time, i would attend the meeting.主語(yǔ)+would(should could might)+動(dòng)詞原型表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的擬條件句if+主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 if he had hurried ,he could have caught the train.主語(yǔ)+would（should could might）+have+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句1、if+主語(yǔ)

2、+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式2、if+主語(yǔ)+were to+ 動(dòng)詞原形3、if+主語(yǔ)+should +動(dòng)詞原形if i were to go abroad ,i would go to america.主語(yǔ)+would（could should might）+動(dòng)詞原型錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句主從句時(shí)間不一致的情況下的虛擬語(yǔ)氣有時(shí)條件從句中的動(dòng)作與主句中的動(dòng)作，發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，這是動(dòng)作的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整。if you had followed my advice , you would be better now.if you had studied hard before, you would be

3、a college student now.含蓄條件句有時(shí)虛擬條件句并沒(méi)用if從句表示出來(lái)，而是用介詞短語(yǔ)（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式來(lái)表示。1. 條件暗含在短語(yǔ)中；2. 條件暗含在上下文中；3. 虛擬式變?yōu)榱?xí)慣說(shuō)法，很難找出其暗含的條件。條件從句中省略if采用倒裝語(yǔ)序的情況在if引導(dǎo)的表示虛擬的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，有時(shí)可以把虛擬條件中的連詞if省去，而將had，should，were等助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)之前。例：原句：1: if she were younger,she,would do it. 去if：were she younger,she,wou

4、ld do it. 2: if you had come earlier, you would have met him. 去if: had you come earlier, you would have met him 3:if it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 去if:should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在as if/as though引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句中1. 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有懷疑，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。 he treats the b

5、oy as if he were his own son.2. 表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 he spoke as if he had known about it.3 表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，(表示將來(lái)的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+動(dòng)詞原形 he acts as if he could win in the game .注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成為事實(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。 例：he looks as if he going to be ill. 2.as though或as if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，

6、從句中可省略主語(yǔ)和部分謂語(yǔ)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在lest，for fear that，so that及in order that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中表示“以防，以免”等意思謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原型構(gòu)成 for fear that it may rain tomorrow, we should bring an umbrella.由“providing（that）/provided（that）/on condition that/suppose（that）/supposing（that）”引導(dǎo)的條件從句根據(jù)情況，1.可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 例：suppose/supposin

7、g that it rained,we shouldnt go out. 2.也可以用陳述語(yǔ)氣。 例：they are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon.“in case”引導(dǎo)的從句中即可用陳述句，也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should）+動(dòng)詞原型例：1.the game will be put off in case it (should) snow. 2.the game will be put off in case it snows.名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣一：賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.在動(dòng)詞wish/hope后的賓語(yǔ)

8、從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去進(jìn)行式。 i wish (that) i were a bird.對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬：從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，或would，could，might+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 i wish (that) i had seen the film last night.對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬：從句謂語(yǔ)“would/should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”。 i wish (that) i wouldcould go.在表示建議，命令，要求，忠告，等動(dòng)詞的后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣均以“should+動(dòng)詞原型”表示這種語(yǔ)氣，

9、“should”常被省略。we suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.they insisted that the boy (should) go with them.常用的此類動(dòng)詞有：表示“提議，勸告，建議”的：propose,suggest,recommend,advise.表示“要求”的：ask,desire, request,demand,require,beg表示“同意，堅(jiān)持”的：insist表示“決定，命令”的：decide,order注意：suggest,insist不表示建議或堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)，即它們用于其本意暗示，表明

10、，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。the smile on his face suggested(暗示） that he was satisfied with our work.the man insisted 【堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為】that he had never stolen the money.在expect，believe，think，suspect等動(dòng)詞的否定或疑問(wèn)形式后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣經(jīng)常用“should+動(dòng)詞原型（或完成形式），表示驚奇，懷疑，不滿等情緒。 i cannot believe that you should think so.would rather，had rath

11、er，后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)相反 i would rather you told me the truth.用過(guò)去完成式表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反。表示“寧愿做什么”或“對(duì)過(guò)去做的事的懊悔”。 i would rather you had gone there last sunday.注意：1.若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用動(dòng)詞原型 2.would rather.than中用動(dòng)詞原型 i would rather do it by myself. i would rather watch tv at home 

12、than go to the cinema. 主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣“it is(was)+形容詞（或過(guò)去分詞）+that.”結(jié)構(gòu)中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)形式為should+動(dòng)詞原形或省略should its quite necessary that we should have a walk now. 常用的形容詞：natural，appropriate，advisable，necessary，important，urgent，probable，possible，desirable，strange。注意：在上述所列形容詞后面用that引出的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例：i dont

13、 think it advisable that tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.(湯姆缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，指派他做這項(xiàng)工作我認(rèn)為是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?.在“it is (was)+名詞+that.”結(jié)構(gòu)句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示建議，命令，請(qǐng)求，道歉，懷疑，驚奇等。its a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.這類名詞有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal，recommendation，suggestion，surpris

14、e，wish，wonder等。表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣某些表示建議，請(qǐng)求，命令等主觀意向的名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)形式為should+動(dòng)詞原型或直接用動(dòng)詞原型。my idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it. we all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off.在it is demanded/suggested/ordered/required.that-clause句型中從句用(should

15、 )+動(dòng)詞原型it is demanded that we should work out a plan.這類名詞常見(jiàn)的有：demand，desire，requirement，advice，recommendation，suggestion，order，necessity，proposal，plan，idea。在it is (about/high) time+that 定語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示“該做.的時(shí)候了”其動(dòng)詞形式用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或should+動(dòng)詞原型it is high time that you went / should go to school.注意：在this is the fi

16、rst time/ second time that.句型中，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用陳述語(yǔ)氣完成時(shí)態(tài)。 this is the second time that we have achieved such a great success.if only 引起的感嘆句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣if only引出感嘆句，意思是“要是.多好”，表示說(shuō)話人的一種愿望。表示現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用過(guò)去式; 表示過(guò)去的情況,應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài) 表示將來(lái)的情況，用would+動(dòng)詞原形例：if only he didnt drive so fast!(現(xiàn)在)look at the terrible situation i am in !i

17、f only i had followed your advice(過(guò)去)if only the rain would stop.(將來(lái))even if ( even though) 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示一種讓步語(yǔ)氣，即使.也做不成某事。表示現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用過(guò)去式表示過(guò)去的情況,應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài) even if he were here, he could not solve the problem.even if i had been busy then, i would have helped you.choose the best answer:it is strange

18、that the little boy _ speak two foreign languages. a. could b. can c. should d. would2. he gave orders that the experiment _ before 5:30pm. a. be finished b.will finish c. must be finished3.he _ you more help,even though he was very busy. a, might have given b. might give c.may have given4.without t

19、he leadership of the party,there _no new china. a.would be b. has been c. should be d.was5. he is talking so much about america as if he _ there.had been           b. has been                  c. was                  d. has gone6.