黑龍江省哈爾濱市六校高一英語下學(xué)期期末考試試題含解析

1、黑龍江省哈爾濱市六校2017-2018學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題第一部分 閱讀理解（百強校英語解析團(tuán)隊專供）（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c和d四個選項中，選出最佳選項。athere are many international organizations which work to save and protect endangered species (物種) and natural environment. if you would like more information about any of the or

2、ganizations listed below, you can write to the addresses given.friends of the earth (foe) campaigns on a range of problems including rainforests, the countryside, water and air pollution and energy.friends of the earth international secretariatp.o. box 19 1991000 g. d.amsterdamthe netherlandsgreenpe

3、ace uses peaceful but direct action to defend the environment. it campaigns to protect rainforests and sea animals slop global warming and end pollution of air, land and seas. it also opposes nuclear (核) power.greenpeace internationalkeizergracht 1761016 dw amsterdamthe netherlandsbirdlife internati

4、onal is an organization which works to save endangered birds all over the world.birdlife internationalwellbrook courtgirton roadcambridge cb3 onaengland wwf-world wide fund for nature is the worlds largest private international organization for the protection of nature and endangered species.informa

5、tion officerwwf internationalavenue du mont blanc1196 glandswitzerland1. if you want to learn more about the organizations, what can you do?a. visit them. b. send them an e-mail.c. call them. d. write them a letter.2. birdlife international is an organization trying to .a. save endangered birds b. r

6、educe pollutionc. protect ocean animals d. defend rainforests3. which of the following can we learn about wwf?a. it is a private organization in the united states.b. it helps to protect nature and save endangered animals.c. it works for private companies and rich people.d. it is the worlds largest i

7、nternational organization.【答案】1. d 2. a 3. b【解析】【分析】本文是關(guān)于幾個關(guān)于環(huán)境保護(hù)的國際組織以及每個組織的特點級具體的信息。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段2,3行if you would like more information about any of the organizations listed blow, you can write to the addresses given.說明可以寫信給他們，故d正確。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三個表格birdlife international is an organization w

8、hich works to save endangered birds all over the world.可知birdlife international是一個保護(hù)瀕臨滅絕的鳥類的組織，所以a正確?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一部分wwf-world wide fund for nature is the worlds largest private international organization for the protection of nature and endangered species. 說明這個組織幫助保護(hù)自然和挽救瀕危動物，故b正確。【點睛】文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解可以細(xì)

9、化為：（1）一一對應(yīng)型。答案與題目在表達(dá)形式和意義上直接吻合，一一對應(yīng)，一目了然。屬于淺層次的閱讀試題，分?jǐn)?shù)比例較少。（2）語言轉(zhuǎn)述型。這是一類間接事實細(xì)節(jié)題，答案與題目在意義上從分運用了詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系，即正確選項是原文有關(guān)詞語和句子的另類表達(dá)。屬于中檔難度題，分?jǐn)?shù)比例較大。（3）語意理解型。這是一類深層事實細(xì)節(jié)理解題，答案與題目之間存在著一定的邏輯聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系需要建立在事實的基礎(chǔ)上通過上、下文來進(jìn)行判斷、分析、歸納和整合，才能得出正確答案。屬于較高難度的事實細(xì)節(jié)題。（4）是非辨別型。這是一類綜合事實細(xì)節(jié)題，出題形式常常是“三正一誤”(三項正確，只有一項不符合原文內(nèi)容)或“三誤一正”（三

10、項錯誤，只有一項符合原文內(nèi)容)。（5）事實排序型。這是一類運用多項事實進(jìn)行排序的事實細(xì)節(jié)題，要求根據(jù)動作發(fā)生的先后順序、時間順序或者句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，找出時間發(fā)生，發(fā)展的正確順序。1.此題第一小題屬于一一 對應(yīng)型。答案與題目在表達(dá)形式和意義上吻合。答案定位：根據(jù)第一段2,3行if you would like more information about any of the organizations listed blow, you can write to the addresses given.說明可以寫信給他們。推理關(guān)系：題干：if you want to learn more a

11、bout the organizations, what can you do?文章內(nèi)容：if you would like more information about any of the organizations listed blow, you can write to the addresses given.答案：d. write them a letter.，所以d正確。bthe pupils of grangetown high have been busy getting to know their newest and tallest classmate a 7-meter

12、-tall giraffe outside their school.the giraffe is a huge sculpture (雕像). the schools headmaster noticed it in an artists garden as he drove past one day, and thought it would be perfect for his school. “i knew everyone would love it,” he said, “because our basketball team is known as the grangetown

13、giraffes, and they wear giraffes on their shirts. so i asked them to write to the artist, asking how much it would cost to buy the giraffe. he was very kind and got it ready to deliver (遞送) in six weeks all for nothing! it was expected to arrive one sunday morning, so that the pupils would see it wh

14、en they got to school on monday at that time they had no idea that we were getting it.”the artist, tom bennett 9 was a university professor of chemistry before he retired in 2012 and only took up metalwork a couple of years ago. “ive always drawn pictures,” he said. 441 can even remember doing it on

15、 my first day at school i drew a horse. i wanted it to be the best horse picture ever, but i dont think i succeeded.” toms first metalwork was a bicycle on which he and his wife could go cycling together, “it was the most uncomfortable bike ever created,” he said, “so i gave up making bicycles and w

16、ent into sculpture instead.”meanwhile the pupils at grangetown high are very happy with their new classmate. “were going to hold a competition to give it a proper name,” said one girl. “everyone likes the expression on its face, so perhaps that will give us some ideas.”4. what can we learn about the

17、 giraffe according to the text?a. it was specially made for a basketball team.b. it was as tall as a basketball player.c. it was sent to grangetown high on monday.d. it was given to grangetown high for free.5. how did the pupils probably feel when they got to school on monday?a. surprised b. sadc. s

18、hy d. confident6. which of the following is true about tom bennett?a. he visited grangetown high as a professor.b. he did well in drawing, especially horses.c. he showed interest in art at an early age.d. he learned a lot about sculpture at university.7. whats the main idea of the text?a. it was dif

19、ficult to name a giraffe.b. a metal giraffe arrived at grangetown high.c. tom bennett is famous as a sculptor.d. the grangetown giraffes is a strong team.【答案】4. d 5. a 6. c 7. b【解析】【分析】本文主要講述的是一尊長頸鹿雕像的到來成為了grangetown high這所學(xué)校的一道亮麗的風(fēng)景線?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)he was very kind and got it ready to deliver (遞送) i

20、n six weeks all for nothing!可知，這件長頸鹿雕塑作品是免費贈予grangetown high學(xué)校的，故選d.【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)so that the pupils would see it when they got to school on monday at that time they had no idea that we were getting it.”可以推斷出，周一學(xué)生們到校后，看到長頸鹿的雕像時應(yīng)該會很吃驚。故選a.【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“i've always drawn pictures,” he said. “i ca

21、n even remember doing it on my first day at school.可以推斷出，他從小就對藝術(shù)感興趣。故選c.【7題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要講述的是一尊長頸鹿雕像的到來成為了grangetown high這所學(xué)校的一道亮麗的風(fēng)景線。故選b.【點睛】根據(jù)用詞風(fēng)格，推斷情感態(tài)度。一篇好的文章，其用詞風(fēng)格常常直接流露或蘊含作者的內(nèi)心世界和情感態(tài)度。所以閱讀時要善于捕捉表達(dá)或暗示情感態(tài)度的詞句或短語，捕捉那些烘托氣氛，渲染情感的詞句，進(jìn)而很好地洞察作者的思想傾向，是支持、反對抑或中立？對于選項而言，要分清選項中的褒義詞、中性詞和貶義詞，以此對照全文。如：1）表示褒義

22、的詞語：positive贊成的，supporting支持的，praising贊揚的，optimistic樂觀的，admiring羨慕的，enthusiastic熱情的等；2）表示中性的詞語：uninterested無興趣的，不感興趣的； neutral中立的；impersonal不帶個人感情的；subjective主觀的；objective客觀的等；3）表示貶義的詞語：disgusted感到惡心的，厭惡的；critical批評的；negative 否定的，反對的；suspicious懷疑的；tolerant容忍的，忍讓的；worried 擔(dān)憂的等。 此題的第2題為推理判斷題。【答案定位】第2段

23、so that the pupils would see it when they got to school on monday at that time they had no idea that we were getting it.”可知學(xué)生周一上學(xué)時就能看見它了，那時他們還不知道我們在干什么呢？【推理關(guān)系】題干how did the pupils probably feel when they got to school on monday? 文章內(nèi)容so that the pupils would see it when they got to school on monday a

24、t that time they had no idea that we were getting it.，從他們不知道可推知他們會驚訝，所以答案為surprised。c“smombies” are very real and a growing cause for concern. tired of having to constantly warn both locals and tourists to pay more attention to their surroundings to avoid serious accidents, authorities of a small ge

25、rman town have come up with a more positive solution embedding (嵌入) traffic lights in the pavement to make them visible to people constantly looking down at their phones while walking.the seemingly ridiculous safety measure was put in place. authorities in augsburg decided to act, installing ground

26、level traffic lights at two tram (有軌電車) stops last tuesday. the lights flash red every time a tram is approaching, or when the regular traffic light turns red. “we realized that the normal traffic light isnt in the line of sight of many pedestrians these days,” said tobias hermes, a city administrat

27、ion official. “so we decided to have an additional set of lights the more we have, the more people are likely to notice them.”some augsburg residents appear to be quite happy with the idea. “i think it makes sense,” said jack smith, “one always sees young people these days running over red lights. t

28、his makes it more obvious that you need to stop.” others, however, found the need for ground traffic lights disturbing and even frightening. “i find it scary that smart phone users are so engrossed that they need to install lights in the ground so that they notice the tram coming,” one person told t

29、he local paper.but do this kind of pavement-embedded lights actually work? well, if one interviewed teenager is to be believed, not really, “to be honest i didnt even notice it,” he said, “maybe itd be useful at night, but yeah, i didnt realize it was there until just now.”the word “smombie” a mashu

30、p of the words smart phone and zombie was born in germany. it was voted “youth word of the year” in 2017, but the serious consequences of this behaviour are no laughing matter.8. what can be inferred about “smombies”?a. they are fond of walking.b. they concern others very much.c. they look at phones

31、 while walking.d. they hate locals and tourists.9. which of the following can replace the underlined word “engrossed” in paragraph 4?a. disturbed. b. frightened.c. encouraged. d. addicted.10. what is the authors attitude to “smombies”?a. positive. b. negative.c. indifferent. d. interested.11. what i

32、s the text mainly about?a. ground traffic lights for people looking at smart phones.b. effective ways to educate people to obey traffic rules.c. the meanings of ground traffic lights.d. the serious problem of traffic safety.【答案】8. c 9. d 10. b 11. a【解析】【分析】本文為說明文，文章主要介紹了德國的奧格斯堡政府決定在人行橫道下安裝紅綠燈,以提醒邊走路

33、邊玩手機(jī)的人注意交通安全?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段第一句提到 smombies這種現(xiàn)象引起人們的擔(dān)憂，再根據(jù)本段最后 embedding (嵌入) traffic lights in the pavement to make them visible to people constantly looking down at their phones while walking.可知smombies是指邊走路邊玩手機(jī)的人。故選c。【9題詳解】詞義猜測題。這里強調(diào)的是手機(jī)使用者沉溺于玩手機(jī),以至于沒有注意到旁邊的交通狀況，故選d【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段it was vo

34、ted “youth word of the year” in 2017, but the serious consequences of this behaviour are no laughing matter.可知作者認(rèn)為這種現(xiàn)象的后果不是開玩笑的事，由此可見作者是持消極態(tài)度的。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了安裝地下交通燈來提醒走路玩手機(jī)的人,以減少他們發(fā)生交通事故的風(fēng)險，因此a正確?！军c睛】依據(jù)邏輯推理猜測詞義 ：運用邏輯推理猜測詞義是使用最廣考查最多也最易失分的猜詞方式。要求考生具備整合分散、復(fù)雜信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相關(guān)的詞匯并結(jié)合具體的語境，從形式和內(nèi)容上把握語言

35、之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，理順語言之間的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)而達(dá)到猜詞的目的。常見的邏輯關(guān)系有：因果關(guān)系，同位關(guān)系，對比關(guān)系，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等。此題的第2題為猜測詞義題中依據(jù)邏輯推理猜測詞義?！敬鸢付ㄎ弧扛鶕?jù)i find it scary that smart phone users are so engrossed that they need to install lights in the ground so that they notice the tram coming,。根據(jù)語境推理可知如此著迷與手機(jī)以至于沒有注意電車?！就评黻P(guān)系】題干which of the following can replace

36、the underlined word “engrossed” in paragraph 4?文章內(nèi)容i find it scary that smart phone users are so engrossed that they need to install lights in the ground so that they notice the tram coming,【答案】“engrossed”d. addicted.上癮的。dwith the development of science and technology, people find it increasingly di

37、fficult to keep pace with the most fashionable smart phones in the world, especially when smart phones are connected with robots. if any robot can take over the world, its robohon. he has all the information you put in your smart phone and can read human feelings. so everyone probably wants to own t

38、he cutest smart robot phone.robohon is very useful. he can project photographs and films, tell you he loves you if he senses you are crying and do everything your smart phone can do.robohon was created by japanese electronics company sharp. the robot phone, with a 2-inch screen fitted into its back,

39、 stands 20cm tall and weighs 390 grams. most surprisingly, he can walk on his own legs around your home and act as a super cute personal assistant. he can even dance. he reads your text messages, announces phone calls, dries your tears and wakes you up. he can even recognize your face and call your

40、name when you enter the room. he will be always at your side keeping you company and providing you with great comfort.robohon can also serve as an alarm clock. the robot can be a wonderful partner in a small conversation. though he is expensive, more than double the price of iphone, who wouldnt want

41、 a small personal assistant?12. according to paragraph 3, what can robohon do?a. stand up. b. sing a song.c. make a call. d. write text messages.13. whats surprising about the robot phone?a. its very tall.b. it can do something that humans do.c. it cant read human feelings.d. it was created by a jap

42、anese company.14. which of the following does the author agree with?a. most people cant afford robohon.b. robohoa is cheaper than iphone.c. robohon will be popular with some people,d. iphone can take over the world.15. what may be the best title for the text?a. robohon: worlds cutest smart phoneb. r

43、obot phones are taking over the worldc. smart phones are changing the worldd. robot phone robohon is based on iphone【答案】12. a 13. b 14. c 15. a【解析】文章主要介紹了新發(fā)明robohon這種機(jī)器人手機(jī)的相關(guān)信息?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段most surprisingly, he can walk on his own legs around your home and act as a super cute personal assist

44、ant. he can even dance. he reads your text messages, announces phone calls, dries your tears and wakes you up. he can even recognize your face and call your name when you enter the room.可知它可以站起來走路，所以a正確?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段most surprisingly, he can walk on his own legs around your home and act as a su

45、per cute personal assistant. he can even dance. he reads your text messages, announces phone calls, dries your tears and wakes you up. he can even recognize your face and call your name when you enter the room. he will be always at your side keeping you company and providing you with great comfort.可

46、知它可以做很多人可以做的事情，所以b正確?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句so everyone probably wants to own the cutest smart robot phone.以及最后一段though he is expensive, more than double the price of iphone, who wouldnt want a small personal assistant?可知人人都想要得到這么一個只能的機(jī)器人手機(jī)，所以c 正確?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知文章主要介紹了這種新的智能機(jī)器人手機(jī)，以及它的功能，所以a正確。

47、第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。values for americansone of the most basic moral values for americans is honesty. the well-known legend about george washington and the cherry tree teaches this value clearly. little george cut down his fathers favorite cherry tree while t

48、rying out his new hatchet. when his father asked him about it, george said, “i cannot tell a lie. i did it with my hatchet.” instead of punishment, george received praise for telling the truth. _16_ but americans still believe that “honesty is the best policy.”_17_ remember aesops fable about the tu

49、rtle and the rabbit that had a race? the rabbit thought he could win easily, so he took a nap. but the turtle finally won because he did not give up._18_ the hill was so steep that the little train had a hard time trying to get over it. but the train just kept pulling, all the while saying, “i think

50、 i can, i think i can.” at last, the train was over the top of the hill.compassion(憐憫) may be the queen of american virtues. the story of “the good samaritan” from the bible describes a man who showed compassion. on his way to a certain city, a samaritan man found a poor traveler lying on the road._

51、19_ the kind samaritan, instead of just passing by, stopped to help this person in need,_20_ in fall 1992, people in iowa sent truckloads of water to help floridians hit by a hurricane. the next summer, during the midwest flooding, florida returned the favor. in less dramatic ways, millions of ameri

52、cans are quietly passing along the kindnesses shown to them.a. the traveler had been beaten and robbed.b. another virtue americans respect is perseverance (堅持不懈).c. as a matter of fact, it is these virtues that help the country develop.d. compassion can even turn into a positive cycle.e. there used

53、to be a high and steep hill.f. sometimes american honestybeing open and directcan hurt people.g. another story tells of a little train that had to climb a steep hill,【答案】16. f 17. b 18. g 19. a 20. d【解析】文章主要介紹了美國推崇的價值觀-誠實，堅持不懈，憐憫?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后句but americans still believe that “honesty is the best polic

54、y.” 可知前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以前句應(yīng)該是誠實的不好的地方，所以f 符合題意，有時誠實會傷害人。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容伊索寓言中的龜兔賽跑講的是堅持不懈，所以此段介紹另一種價值觀，所以b正確?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文提到了hill，所以這句重視介紹了另一個跟堅持有關(guān)的爬山的故事，所以g符合題意?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前后故事的發(fā)展可知此處表示這位窮人的悲慘遭遇，所以a符合題意?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文介紹的佛羅里達(dá)州的人們在接受別人的幫助后回饋社會的行為可以看出憐憫有時會形成良性循環(huán)，所以d符合題意。第二部分 英語知識運用（百強校英語解析團(tuán)隊專供）（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題

55、；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的a、b、c和d四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。im exhausted after a days housework. “sometimes i just want to do something _21_ than all of this”, i tell my husband tony, who sits beside me in _22_, weighing his words. finally, he says, “what youre doing feels really small, but it doesnt m

56、ean that it is.” his words reminds me of the _23_ that had happened on the driveway earlier that morning.the kids lined up their scooters (滑板車) for a friendly _24_. i launched the action with a wave of my hand and stepped back to watch the race. wheels rolled. kids cheered _25_. but then, a sharp cr

57、y ended the _26_.my 10-year-old daughter fell down on the ground,_27_ by a group of broken scooter parts. blood leaked from an obvious cut in her knee, and tears _28_ in her blue eyes.“what happened?” i asked as i ran to her side.“i dont know” hannah said as she _29_ the scooter. “my scooter was just missing one little piece”she dropped