狀語從句總結(jié)狀語從句總結(jié)表格

1、狀語從句總結(jié) 狀語從句總結(jié)表格狀語從句總結(jié) 狀語從句總結(jié)李竹娟(%1) 時(shí)間狀語從句表示時(shí)間的狀語從句可由when, as，while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since，once, as soon as (或 the moment )， by the time, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely)when， every time 等引導(dǎo)。e.g. when i came into the office，the teachers were having a meeting.he started as soo

2、n as he received the news.once you see him, you will never forget him.no sooner had i gone to bed than i went to sleep.(%1) 原因狀語從句原因狀語從句是表示原因或理由的，引導(dǎo)這類從句的最常 用的連詞是 because, since, as，now that （既然）等，for 表 示因果關(guān)系時(shí)（它引導(dǎo)的不是從句）為并列連詞，語氣不如 because 強(qiáng)。e.g. he is disappointed because he didn't get the pos

3、ition.as it is raining, i will not go out.now that you mention it，i do remember.（三）地點(diǎn)狀語從句引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的連詞是where和wherever等。e.g. sit wherever you like.make a mark where you have a question.目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句最常用的詞（組）是so, so that （從句 謂語常有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞），in order that, in case （以防，以免）等。e.g. speak clearly, s o that they may

4、 understand you.she has bought the book in order that she could follow the tv lessons he left early in case he should miss the train.（五）結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句是表示事態(tài)結(jié)果的從句，通常主句是原因， 從句是結(jié)果。由so that （從句謂語一般沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）,so . that, such that 等引導(dǎo)。e.g. she was ill，so that she didn， t attend the meeting.he was so excited tha

5、t he could not say a wordshe is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.(%1) 條件狀語從句條件狀語從句分真實(shí)性(有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情)與非真實(shí)性 (條件與事實(shí)相反或者在說話者看來不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情) 條件句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的詞(組)主要有if, unless, so (as) long as9 on condition that, so (as) far as9 if only ( = if )o 注意： 條件從句中的if不能用whether替換。e.g if he is not in the office,

6、 he must be out for lunch.you may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.so far as i know (據(jù)我所知)，he will be away for three months.you can go swimming on condition that ( = if) you don，t go too far awayfrom the river bank.if he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.(%1) 讓步狀語從句讓

7、步狀語從句可由 although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether . or, no matter who (when, what,.)等引導(dǎo)。注意：as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句一般是倒 裝的。e.g. though he is a child，he knows a lot.child as he is，he knows a lot.whatever ( = no matter what) you say，i，11 never change my mind(a)方式狀語從句方式狀語從句常由 as, as if (tho

8、ugh), the way, rather than 等引導(dǎo)。e.g. you must do the exercise as i show you.he acted as if nothing had happened.(九)比較狀語從句比較狀語從句常用than, so (as)as, the morethe more 等弓導(dǎo)。 e.g. i have made a lot more mistakes than you have.he smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.the busier he is, the happier h

9、e feels.(十)使用狀語從句時(shí)要注意的幾個(gè)問題1、在時(shí)間和條件(有時(shí)也在方式、讓步等)從句中，主 句是一般將來時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。e.g. we' 11 go outing if it doesn，t rain tomorrow.i，11 write to you as soon as i get to shanghai.2、有些時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式或讓步從句，如果從句 的主語與主句主語一致(或雖不一致，是it),從句的謂語又包含動(dòng)詞be ,就可省略從句中的“主語+ be”部分。e.g. when （he was） still a boy of ten, he h

10、ad to work day and night.if （you are） asked you may come in.if （it is） necessary v 11 explain to you again.3、注意區(qū)分不同從句：引導(dǎo)的是什么從句，不僅要根據(jù) 連詞，還要根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意來判別。以where為例，能 引導(dǎo)多種從句。e.g. you areto find it where you left it.（地點(diǎn)狀語從句）tell me the address where he lives.（定語從句，句中有先 行詞）i don，t know where he came from.（

11、賓語從句）where he has gone is not known yet.（主語從句）this place is where they once hid.（表語從句）狀語從句總結(jié) 狀語從句總結(jié)表格狀語從句表格整理一計(jì)算機(jī)軟件及應(yīng)用_it/計(jì)算機(jī)一專業(yè) 資料狀語從句表格整理計(jì)算機(jī)軟件及應(yīng)用_h7計(jì)算機(jī)一專業(yè)資料。九大狀語從句 狀語從句是副詞性從句，它在句子中擔(dān) 任狀語，修飾主句的動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或 句子。根據(jù)修 飾的方面，狀語從句可以分為以下九種。種類 從屬連詞 例 句說明 when i came int九大狀語從句狀語從句是副詞性從句，它在句子中擔(dān)任狀 語，修飾主句的動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞

12、或 句子。根據(jù)修飾的 方面，狀語從句可以分為以下九種。種類 從屬連詞 例 句說明when i came into the room, he was when指的是“當(dāng)時(shí)”。writing a letter, when was walking along the street when（這when意為"這時(shí)”"在那時(shí)”或，時(shí)）suddenly tom patted me on the這時(shí) when分句一般位于句末。shoulder .時(shí) |可 while it was raining, they went out. while 指“在某一段時(shí)間里”,狀語i stayed wh

13、ile he was away. “在?期間” ,while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng) 從句while kall of us are working hard while he is作必須是持續(xù)性的。sleeping并列連詞“然而”）he hurried home, looking behind as he as （一邊一邊）引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)went他趕快回 家，邊走邊向后看。as作，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同as （隨著）time goes by, i like china 時(shí)發(fā)生；“隨著”。better. be a pupil before you become a teacher, before 譯 為“在？之前

14、，才 9 before i finished my task before i went home.就"he arrived after the game started, after在之后 we waited till (until)he came back 直到如主句 動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，常 she didn，t stop working until eleven 用肯定式，“直至(j?為止”表示；till o, dock 直到才 如 主句動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞，要用until he had passed out of sight, she stood否定式notuntil表示“直unti

15、l there.她站在那里看著，直到看不見他的才”，從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，身影。一般用 until great changes have taken place in china 主 句動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為持續(xù)性的，從句since since自從1978.動(dòng)詞為 瞬間的。狀語從句在主自從以句之前時(shí)一般用逗號(hào)與主 句分 來 開，如從句在主句之后則不必用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。as soon as as soon as i arrive in shanghai, i，11 write “一 就” to you.地點(diǎn) where與 wherever意義基本相 where there is water there is lif

16、e.狀語 where 同，但后者語氣較 強(qiáng)，多用于 從句 wherever wherever you go, you must obey the law.書面語。無 i was late yesterday because i was ill.原因 because答why的問題,because狀語 語氣最強(qiáng)一般放在主句之后從句 since （既然）everyone is here，let，s begin since表示既然或全已知的理由，since our meeting.稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句條件狀語從句方式狀語從句句首 as 由于)hedidn，t know mu

17、ch english,從句常放 在句首，說明次要的 (as he looked up the word in the dictionary .原因，主句說明結(jié)果，常用于口語中。it must have rained last night，for the for for 連接 的是并 列句。ground is still wet. i shall write down your telephone 目的狀語從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞number so that i may not forget, so that m町（might） can （could） should we，11 tell you th

18、e truth so that you can等放在動(dòng)詞之前,從句往往放 in order judge （判斷）for yourself.在主句之后，主從句之 間不用 that they worked harder than usual in 任何標(biāo) 點(diǎn)符號(hào)。注意 so that 和 order that they could flnish the work in order that 的轉(zhuǎn)換。ahead of time.，so that we turned up the radio, so that（結(jié)果）so that前有逗號(hào)為結(jié)果狀語從everyone heard the news.句。

19、he was so excited that he couldn t say so?that 的 so 后面跟形容詞或so a word“以致”畐u詞，可以與too.to或 so?that enough.to 轉(zhuǎn)換he gave such important reasons that he such?that 的 such 后面跟名詞， was excused 諒解.such ?it is such an interesting novel that all of如果名詞是單數(shù)就要用such a that /an?that還可以 轉(zhuǎn)換用 so? us want to read it. it i

20、s so interesting a novel that all of us that,語氣較強(qiáng) want to read it.difficulties are nothing if如果we are unless從句的謂語只能用肯定not afraid of them. 式。unless 和 if?not 同義，unless if we shall go there tomorrow unless除是書面語，if?not是口語，通非itstirains.= we shall go there tomorrow 常二者可以換用。unless if it doesn，t rain.條件狀語從句

21、中的謂語動(dòng)詞的 as/so long so long as you work hard, you will 時(shí)態(tài)一般要用 現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過去時(shí)succeed.只要努力，你就會(huì)成功。as代替一般將來時(shí)或過去將來時(shí)。draw a cat as 按照 i taught you yesterday.此處 as 譯 為，按照或正如as do as按照you are told to. as if或as though的意義和用法she looks as if好像she is ill基本 一樣。從句中可以用現(xiàn)在 he acted as if (though) nothing had as if /時(shí)表示可能符合事實(shí)

22、，也可以happened, though they treat the black boy as if (though) he 用虛擬語氣。were an animal. although (though) he was over sixty, though在句子中一般用了“雖然”就(yet仍)he began tolearn french.不能再用“但是” (but)但可狀語 although we were not tired though (although)以與 yet 或 still 連用。though / we had worked all day.從句 although意義相同，

23、用法基本一樣，前者通俗、口語化，后者正式多放主句的前面。i，11 go even if (though) it rains tomorrow, even if 和 even though的意思even if / though為“即使”多用于書面語 中。child as he is，he knows a lot as引出的狀語從句多用于 書面 語，它比用 though 或 although cold as it is，(= though it is coldjthe引導(dǎo)的從句，語氣強(qiáng)，更有表as children play outdoors.現(xiàn)力，從句常放在句首，語序 部分 倒裝。no matt

24、er do it no matter what 不管什么 others (who, say. what no matter how 無論多么 busy he was, no matter?與 who-ever 引導(dǎo) when,how he studied english every day.的 讓步狀語從句意義基本一 ?)樣，matter?引導(dǎo)的從句可 no whever whatever happens / may happen，we 是以位 于主句前或主句后。(whatever shall not lose heart. whoever comes，he will be welcome,

25、whoever ) mary is as old as my sister.連詞表示 同程度級(jí)的比較，肯 as?as he doesn，t run so (as) fast as jack (does).定句用 as?as否定句可用 not not比 較so/as?as as (so)?as he bought fewer books than i (did).狀 表示不同程度之比較，主句中than he runs less fast than me. 語用比較級(jí)的形容詞或副詞。從 the more you read, the better you 意思為越?越？，通常 的語序understa

26、nd.句 為從句在前主句在后，這兩個(gè)themore the harder you work, the greater progress the 都是表 示程度的副詞，用在？ the you will make.比較級(jí)的形容詞 或副詞前面。more句子意思明顯，句子的主語和the sooner, the better. 越快越好。動(dòng)詞都可省略。the warmer the better.越暖和越好。注意：時(shí)間狀語從句（1）當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)、祈使句 或主句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，這些詞引導(dǎo)的從句要用一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)（主將從現(xiàn)）don，t go to bed until you finish your hom

27、ework.when, while, as顯然都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語 從句，但用法區(qū)別非常大。一、when可以和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，也可以和短暫性動(dòng)詞 連用；而while和as只能和 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。 why do you want a new job when youve got such agood one already?（get為短暫性動(dòng)詞）你已經(jīng)找到如此好的工作，為何還想再找新的？sorry, i was out whenyou called me. （call為短暫性動(dòng)詞）strike while the iron is hot. 為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示一種 持續(xù)的狀態(tài)）趁熱打鐵。（is th

28、e students took notes as they listened （listen 為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）二、when從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以在主句謂語 動(dòng)作之前、之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生；while和as從句的謂語動(dòng)作 必須是和主句謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。1.從句動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作前發(fā)生，只用whenowhen he had hnished his homework, he took a short rest. （finished 先發(fā)生）when i got to the airport, the guests had left. （got to后發(fā)生）2.從句動(dòng)作和主句動(dòng) 作同時(shí)發(fā)生，且從句動(dòng)作為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，

29、when, while, as都可使用。when / while / as we were dancing, a stranger came in. （dance 為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）when / while / as she was making a phonecalb i was writing a letter （make 為 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）3.當(dāng)主句、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，從句動(dòng)作 的時(shí)間概念淡化，而主要表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā) 生的背景或條件 時(shí),只能用aso這時(shí),as常表示“隨著“一邊一邊”之意。 as the time went on, the weather got worse （as 表示“隨著"之意）as years go by, china is gettingstronger and richer the little girls sang as they went 小 姑娘們一邊走，一邊唱。the sad mother sat on the roadside, shouting as sh