(英語教程修訂版2)Unit8

1、外語教學與研究出版社unit 8 the workplaceunit 8 the workplace4warming-up12356listeningreadingspeakingwritingfun timewarming-upwarming-uphow do you like the two workplaces in the video? warming-upwarming-upwhere is your dream workplace? why?1. which is the gate number for the flight to bangkok? a. gate 3. b. ga

2、te 12. c. gate 17.2. where is mr. adams now? a. europe. b. australia. c. canada.3. where does the woman suggest that the man get change? a. at the book store. b. from a machine. c. from a purchaser.listeninglisteninga. you will hear five short conversations twice. for each question, choose the best

3、from the choices marked a, b or c.listeninglistening4. wheres the catalogue? a. b. c.5. wheres mr. taylors office?listeninglistening b. you will hear a conversation. it will be read twice. listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question. 1. dinas coffee bar is located _ . a. opposite t

4、he entrance b. along the western wall c. behind georges furniture shop2. the three food stores are _ . a. opposite the entrance b. beside the coffee bar c. next to the entrance along the northeastern walllisteninglistening3. ellas toy shop and tonys gift shop are located _ . a. opposite the entrance

5、 b. at the bottom of the hall c. next to the entrance along the northwestern wall4. _ is given to rosemary. a. the biggest site along the eastern wall b. a smaller site along the eastern wall c. a small site along the western wall5. georges furniture shop is _ . a. next to the entrance b. behind din

6、as coffee bar c. next to rosemary1. _2. _ 3. _4. _5. _ listeninglistening c. you will hear five sentences. they will be read three times. listen, repeat and write down what you hear. would you show me the way to mr. adams office, please?go up the stairs to the third floor.come out of the elevator, a

7、nd then turn right.go straight along the corridor and mr. smiths office is the third door on the right.ill show you there. i started working from home a few years ago. my season ticket on the bus cost me over _ a year, and most days the buses were late or overcrowded. i used to leave home at _ , and

8、 if there was an important meeting, i might not get home until _! it was the stress (壓力) of _ that made me decide to change the way i work. now, i find i can get much more _ done, and im _and more relaxed. i can meet friends for lunch, do my shopping, and even go away for the day. i still have to go

9、 up to the city for _ , but now i enjoy my trip to the office and the _ to see old colleagues and friends. the bad side is that i dont get paid while im away on _ or when im sick, but i think that the good _ outweigh (超過) the bad. listening listening d. listen to the passage twice and supply the mis

10、sing words.$1,0007:309 oclocktravelingworkmuch happier meetingschanceholidaypointstapescript a. 1. f: attention all passengers waiting at gate 17 for flight ba 203 to bangkok. please proceed immediately to gate 12, where your plane will be boarding shortly.2. m: good morning, id like to speak to mr.

11、 adams, please. f: sorry. my husband isnt at home. hes on business trip now. but whos calling? m: good morning, mrs. adams. this is edward miller from australia. has mr. adams returned from europe? f: yes. but he was only here for 3 days before he was sent to canada.3. m: can you give me change for

12、a dollar? f: im sorry, sir. im not allowed to give change without a purchase. if you go across the hall, youll find a change machine in front of the bookstore.listeninglisteningtapescript a. 4. m: joan, im looking for the catalog of the american pasta corporation. do you know where it is? f: yes. it

13、s in the top drawer of the right cabinet. oh, no. i think, the left cabinet. yes, its in the top drawer of the left cabinet. m: thank you.5. f: mr. taylor can see you now. m: sorry. im not sure where his office is. f: you may take the elevator to the fifth floor. when you come out of the elevator, g

14、o right, then turn left, and go to the end of the corridor. its the first office on the right.listeninglisteningtapescript b. clerk: good morning. the booking office of new york airport. can i help you?watson: good morning. this is john watson speaking. id like to book a ticket to beijing, please. c

15、lerk: when are you planning to leave?watson: next monday morning. clerk: fine. ill need your name, sir.watson: my name is john watson. clerk: ok. youll want a first class seat.watson: yes, thank you for reminding me. by the way, is it a direct flight? clerk: im afraid it isnt. there is no direct fli

16、ght to beijing that day.watson: how about sunday? is there any direct flight on sunday? clerk: yes, there is a direct flight to beijing on sunday.watson: well, ill have to take the flight to beijing on sunday then. please book me a ticket. clerk: ok.listeninglistening readingreading the information

17、revolution has caused a migration of professional people from the city to the countryside. following the industrial revolution in europe, farm workers migrated to the new industrial centers. existing cities grew larger, new cities are formed, and the countryside was left to farmers. professional peo

18、ple such as lawyers, architects and businessmen lived mostly in the citiessince that was where the work was and where their offices were. as communications and transport improved through the latter half of the 20th century, more professionals moved out of the city. most of the millions of people who

19、 work in london, for example, live outside the city. many travel 2 or 3 hours to work each morning. some have a small flat in the city which they use during the week, returning to their families at weekends.electronic peasants head for the hillslong journeys, congestion on the roads and pollution ar

20、e big problems. fortunately, communications technology has advanced so far that many people need not travel to work at all. a new social phenomenon has been createdthe electronic peasantry. rural living is an ideal for the majority of westernersno noise, no pollution just peace and quiet and beautif

21、ul countryside. the big drawback is inconvenience; anywhere that is a long way from the city is a long way from employment opportunities. now the man who dreamt of retiring to the countryside has another option, telecommuting.if you have a telephone at home, why call personally on your customers and

22、 clients? when you can e-mail your colleagues from the comfort of your garden, theres no need to suffer an uncomfortable journey just to speak to them. if you need an important document, it can be faxed via satellite to your mobile phone and viewed on a laptop computer. you can receive the document

23、almost immediately, even from another continent. a british mountaineer recently telephoned his family in england to arrange emergency rescuefrom the top of a mountain. working form home, telecommuters own their business premises. since the price of technology gets lower every day, ownership of the m

24、eans of production becomes a reality. having bought the computer, mobile phone, fax machine, internet connection and printer that are their only material tools, telecommuters become true electronic peasants. living and working in the same environment like traditional peasant farmers, they do not til

25、l the soil with their hands but grow services from the fertile resources of their minds. with no fancy office on the twenty-fifth floor, however, the micro-entrepreneur can have trouble proving his or her credentials. rightly or wrongly, people respond to status symbols like big offices in the smart

26、 buildings. “if company can afford all this,” people think. “it must be doing pretty well.” but faced with one person doing business from a room at home, clients are tempted to think that their new contact is not such a big shot after all. but is it necessarily true that a central location and a lar

27、ge office make a better worker? in fact, studies show that home-workers are actually more disciplined about completing tasks and indeed work longer hours than their colleagues in the office. like the traditional peasant who owned his land, they feel they own their work. furthermore, they arent tied

28、to a schedule but work when it suits them. if that means taking an hour or two to play with the children and then staying up until midnight to finish a task, the net result is a happier worker who has completed the task.電子農(nóng)民避居山鄉(xiāng)電子農(nóng)民避居山鄉(xiāng)1. 信息革命使專業(yè)人員由城市遷住鄉(xiāng)村。2. 隨著歐洲工業(yè)革命的發(fā)展，農(nóng)村勞動力流向新的工業(yè)中心。已有的城市規(guī)模不斷擴大，新興城

29、市也出現(xiàn)了。鄉(xiāng)村留給了農(nóng)場主；而像律師、建筑師和商人等一些專業(yè)人員則大部分住在城里因為那是他們辦公和工作的地方。20 世紀后半葉，通訊和交通事業(yè)有了長足發(fā)展，因而較多的專業(yè)人員搬出城市。例如，在倫敦工作的幾百萬人中，大多數(shù)人住在市區(qū)以外。許多人每天早晨要花費兩三個小時的時間去上班。也有一些人工作期間住在市區(qū)的小公寓，周末回家度假。 3. 上班路途遙遠、交通阻塞以及環(huán)境污染成了嚴重問題。幸好通信技術日益發(fā)展，使許多人根本無需趕到單位去上班。一種新的社會現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)電子農(nóng)民。田園生活是大多數(shù)西方人的理想，無噪音，無污染，只有平和、安寧和美麗的氛圍。然而，其主要缺陷是與外界隔離，不便捷，任何遠離城市

30、的地方都遠離諸多的就業(yè)機會。如今想退隱鄉(xiāng)村的人有了另一種選擇，通過電信手段與外界聯(lián)系。4. 家中有了電話，何必非要親自拜訪客戶？你坐在舒適的花園里通過發(fā)電子郵件就可以與同事聯(lián)系，不必辛苦跋涉找他們面談了。如果你需要一份重要文件，通過衛(wèi)星就可以傳送到你的移動電話上，并在筆記本電腦上瀏覽。你甚至可以跨洲即刻獲得所需要的文件。最近，一個英國登山家還在山頂上通過電話與英國的家人聯(lián)絡，安排緊急救援。5. 利用電信手段工作的人在家里工作，他們擁有自己的辦公場所。由于技術工具價格日益降低，擁有生產(chǎn)資料就成為現(xiàn)實。當這些利用電信手段工作的人買了計算機、移動電話、傳真機、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)聯(lián)接設備和打印機等屬于他們自己的設

31、備后，就真正地成了電子農(nóng)民。他們的生活和工作環(huán)境與傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)民并無兩樣。不同的是，他們不是用雙手去耕種土地，而是利用自身豐富的智力資源向社會提供服務。6. 如果沒有25 層摩天大樓內(nèi)高檔的辦公場所，小企業(yè)家就很難證明自己的實力。不論對與錯，人們通常會認為在智能大廈里有寬敞明亮的辦公室，顯示了企業(yè)的實力。人們認為，“如果一個公司能夠支付得起這些支出，那它就一定運行得很好。”但如果客戶面對一個在家中做生意的人時，通常會懷疑他們的新合作伙伴是否堪稱大亨。然而，公司地處市中心地段和擁有大辦公室是否必然意味著是高質(zhì)量的經(jīng)營者呢？7. 實際上，研究表明，在家辦公的人比坐辦公室的同事更能訓練有素地完成任務，工作

32、時間也更長。就像傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)民認為自己是土地的主人一樣，他們也覺得自己是工作的主人。8. 此外，他們不受上下班作息時間的束縛，可以在自己認為適當?shù)臅r間辦公。這意味著他可以與孩子們一起玩耍一兩個小時，然后工作到深夜以完成任務，得到的結果必然是他既完成了工作又心情愉快。1. electronic peasants head for the hills. 電子農(nóng)民避居山鄉(xiāng)。作者把telecommuters 比作electronic peasants，因為他們和traditional peasants一樣可以離開鬧市，在合適的地方和合適的時間工作，而不必在固定的地方和固定的時間里工作。當然和traditio

33、nal peasants 不同，他們不從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，而是提供智力服務。2. the information revolution has caused a migration of professional people from the city to the countryside. 信息革命使專業(yè)人員由城市遷到鄉(xiāng)村。信息革命是以信息處理的日益計算機化為基礎、以全球信息網(wǎng)絡普及和全球信息共享為標志的信息技術的革命，其實質(zhì)是人類信息交流方式的革命。 3. following the industrial revolution in europe, farm workers migrated

34、to the new industrial centers. 繼歐洲工業(yè)革命之后，農(nóng)業(yè)工人遷到了那些新工業(yè)中心。工業(yè)革命指1780 年至1830 年期間歐洲歷史上因工業(yè)技術發(fā)展而引起的革命。 4. . anywhere that is a long way from the city is a long way from employment opportunities. 任何地方只要遠離了城市，也就遠離了就業(yè)機會。anywhere 通常用作副詞，但有時也當作名詞用。例如： is there anywhere i can talk to you? 有什么地方可以讓我們倆單獨談談？ the sm

35、art buildings 智能大廈即利用系統(tǒng)集成方法，將計算機、通訊、信息與建筑技術結合，通過對設備的自動監(jiān)控，對信息資源的管理，對使用者的信息服務及其優(yōu)化組合，而建成的適合信息社會要求，并具有安全、高效、舒適、便利、靈活等特點的建筑物。head forto move in the direction ofe.g. after the play, we headed for the bar. after leaving the cinema, he headed for home. they are obviously heading for rm v.to form

36、ally or officially tell somebody about something or give them informatione.g. they thought it better to inform the police. please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible. we regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.latter n.being the second of two people or things

37、just mentionede.g. of the pig and cow, the latter (animal) is more valuable. in the latter case, buyers pay a 5% commission.inconvenience n.trouble, difficulty or discomforte.g. he apologized for the inconvenience he had caused. i dont want to be of any inconvenience to you.option n.the freedom to c

38、hoose; something chosen or offered for choicee.g. we must do it; we have no options. you have the option of leaving or staying.call onto visite.g. mr. brown called on an old friend while he was in the city. i called on mr. smith and had a long talk with him.have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.it

39、is difficult for somebody to do somethinge.g. i dont think you will have any trouble in getting a drivers license. students have a lot of trouble in speaking english fluently.respond toto react toe.g. they responded to the news by bursting into tears. he didnt respond to my suggestion. her cancer fa

40、iled to respond to treatment.response n.an answer or reactione.g. responses to our advertisement have been disappointing. his question failed to get a response from any of the students. the law was passed in response to public pressure.be faced withto force to meet or deal withe.g. we are faced with

41、 the problem of air pollution. faced with a serious situation, they didnt lose heart.rightly or wronglyused to say that whatever you think of someones action, this is what they dide.g. rightly or wrongly, the italians decided to withdraw from the competition. whether rightly or wrongly, she has been

42、 given the post of managingdirector.after allin spite of everythinge.g. although they meet with difficulties, i heard that they succeeded after all. why is he not allowed to stay here? after all, its his home.schedule1) n. a plan of what someone is going to do and when they are going to do ite.g. iv

43、e got a full schedule for tomorrow. where is our class schedule?2) vt. (usually passive) to plan that something will happen at a particular timee.g. the meeting has been scheduled for this afternoon. the new airport is scheduled to open just before christmas.dream of1) to see or experience in a drea

44、me.g. she sometimes dreams of her mother. do you ever dream of me? i dreamt of a strange thing last night.2) to think about something that you would like to happene.g. we dream of buying our own house. she dreams of wealth and happiness.present participles used as adverbials1)present participles can

45、 be used as adverbials of time, reason, condition, result, manner, etc.e.g. following the industrial revolution in europe, farm workers migrated to the new industrial centers. (time) working from home, telecommuters own their business premises. (time) living and working in the same environment like

46、traditional peasant farmers, they dont till the soil with hands. (reason) turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage. (condition) it rained heavily for several days, causing severe flooding in the country.(result) the students entered the classroom, laughing and singing. (mann

47、er) admitting what she has said, i still think that she hasnt tried her best. (concession)present participles used as adverbials2) when a participle is used as an adverbial, its logical subject is the subject of the main sentence. if the subject of the main sentence is the maker of the action of the

48、 participle, a present participle should be used as the adverbial; and if the subject of the main sentence is the bearer of the action of the participle, a past participle should be used as the adverbial.e.g. when seen through a telescope, the sun appears darker near the edge. (time) overcome with s

49、urprise, she was unable to utter a word. (reason) given more time, i will do it better. (condition) badly involved in the accident, the car is still running. (concession)1. electronic peasants get far away from the cities. a. right. b. wrong. c. doesnt say.2. with information technology, electronic

50、peasants can produce more food without tilling the soil with their hand. a. right. b. wrong. c. doesnt say.i. according to the text, are the following statements right or wrong? if there is not enough information to answer right or wrong, choose “doesnt say”. for each sentence, mark one letter a, b

51、or c.3. telecommuters are allowed to be more flexible about where and when they work. a. right. b. wrong. c. doesnt say.4. in the 21st century, most multinational companies will move to the countryside. a. right. b. wrong. c. doesnt say.5. in peoples opinion, any company which has big offices in sma

52、rt buildings is perhaps doing pretty well. a. right. b. wrong. c. doesnt say.ii. choose the best from the box to complete each of the sentences.1. after the industrial revolution, a lot of people moved to the cities because _.2. the information revolution has caused professional people to move to th

53、e countryside because _ .3. most westerners enjoy living in the countryside because _.4. telecommuting can help clear the air because _.5. home-workers are more active and work longer hours than their colleagues in the company mainly because _ .bfehaa. they feel the work they are doing is their ownb

54、. they could have more opportunities to find jobsc. the big drawback is inconvenienced. they head for the hillse. it is less pollutedf. the development of communications technology has enabled them to complete their task in the place that they likeg. they dont like to suffer an uncomfortable journey

55、h. it can cut down on commuter trafficiii. fill in the blanks with the words given below. change the form where necessary.1. he would like to _the meeting for wednesday.2. scientific knowledge _ greatly since the last century.3. you are _ trouble if you go on behaving like that.4. the doctor advised

56、 him not to _late at night.5. you have to do it as you have to _ .arrangehas advancedheading forstay uphead for arrange respond to tempt migratestay up advance be faced with option tieoption6. they _ their desks even during summer vacation.7. people do not know why some birds _ .8. we _ the problem

57、of pollution.9. walking along thousands of items attractively packaged, you may _ to buy what you really dont need and want.10. he _ my suggestion by laughing.are tied to migrateare faced withbe tempted head for arrange respond to tempt migratestay up advance be faced with option tieresponded to iv.

58、 match each word in column a with a similar meaning in column b.a1. migration2. discipline3. respond4. resource5. entrepreneurba. someone who starts a business and takes risksb. happening in or connected with the countrysidec. the movement from one place to another of a large group of people, birds,

59、 animals, etcd. to teach someone to obey rules or accept authoritye. based on imagination, not factcdhfaiv. match each word in column a with a similar meaning in column b.a6. big shot7. rural8. fancy9. drawback10. temptbf. to react to something that has been said or doneg. to make someone want to ha

60、ve or to do something, even though they know they really should noth. something such as land, minerals, or natural energy that exists in a country and can be used to increase its wealthi. someone who has a lot of power or influence in a company or an area of business j. disadvantage of a situation,