精品文檔人教課標(biāo)高二選修8UnitCloningPPT演示課件PPT課件

1、第1頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)單單詞詞名詞名詞correction, objection, constitution, loaf, medium, assumption, regulation, claw, decoration, opera, twin, breakthrough, procedure, carrier, chorus, drawback, feather, turkey, flour動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞differ, undertake, cast, object, obtain, attain, forbid, owe, accumulate, retire, bother, strike, re

2、sist, adore, hatch形容形容詞詞exact, straightforward, moral, unable, commercial, arbitrary, vain, initial, compulsory, conservative, reasonable副詞副詞altogether, shortly, merely第2頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)詞詞匯匯表表pay off, cast down, in favour of, (be) bound to (do), strike . into ones heart, from time to time, bring back to l

3、ife, in vain, in good / poor condition課課文文中中all the time, quantities of, make up ones mind, look back on, a matter of time, on the other hand, have a great impact on句式句式while連接兩個(gè)并列分句連接兩個(gè)并列分句e.g. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.語(yǔ)法語(yǔ)法 復(fù)習(xí)同位語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)同位語(yǔ)第3頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)1. _ v

4、t. 扔；投；擲2. _ vt. 打擾 vi. 操心 n. 煩擾3. _ vt. (forbade, forbad; forbidden) 禁止；不準(zhǔn) 4. _ vt. 崇拜；愛慕；喜愛5. _ vi. 退休；離開6. _ adj. 不能的，不會(huì)的7. _ vt. & vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化 cast botherforbidadoreretireunablehatch(一) 基本單詞第4頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)8. _ adj. 道德上的，倫理的9. _ n. 程序；步驟；手續(xù)10. _ n. 裝飾11. _ adv. 僅；只；不過(guò)12. _ n. 突破13. _ n. 規(guī)則；規(guī)章；法律14.

5、 _ n. 假定；設(shè)想15. _ vi. 獲得；贏得16. _ vt. & vi. 積累；聚積17. _ vt. (undertook; undertaken) 著手；從事；承擔(dān)moralproceduredecorationmerelybreakthroughregulationassumption obtainaccumulateundertake第5頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)18. _ n. 雙胞胎之一；孿生兒之一 adj. 成對(duì)的；成雙的19. _ adj. 簡(jiǎn)單的；直接的；坦 率的20. _ adv. 總共；完全地21. _ adj. 任意的22. _ n. (pl media) 媒介；手

6、段；工 具23. _vt. 獲得；到達(dá)（水平、年 齡、狀況等）24. _ adj. 保守的；守舊的twinstraightforwardaltogetherarbitrarymediumattainconservative第6頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)25. _ n. 憲法；章程26. _ adj. 必須做的；義務(wù)的；強(qiáng) 迫的；強(qiáng)制的27. _ vt. 欠（賬、錢、人情 等）；歸功于28. _ adv. 立刻；不久29. _ vt. & vi. (struck, struck) 打；撞擊；罷工 n. 罷工30. _ adj. 虛榮的；自負(fù)的；徒勞的constitutioncompulsoryowes

7、hortlystrikevain第7頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)1. _ vi. 相異；不同_ adj. 不同的 2. _ adj. 精確的；準(zhǔn)確的_ adv. 準(zhǔn)確地3. _ adj. 商業(yè)的；貿(mào)易的_ n. 貿(mào)易4. _ n. 改正；糾正；修正_ adj. 正確的；得體的 v. 改正；糾正 differdifferentexactexactlycommercialcommercecorrectioncorrect(二) 派生單詞第8頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)5. _ vi. 反對(duì)；不贊成_ n. 不贊成；反對(duì)；異議 6. _ adj. 最初的；開始的_ adv. 最初7. _ vt. 抵抗；對(duì)抗_ n. 抵抗；抵觸；反

8、對(duì)；阻力 8. _ adj. 合情理的；講道理的；公 道的_ (反義) adj. 不合理的；過(guò)度 的；不切實(shí)際的 objectobjectioninitialinitiallyresistresistancereasonableunreasonable第9頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)1. _得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償 清 2. _ 沮喪；不愉快3. _ 大眾傳播媒體（如電視、報(bào) 紙等）4. _ 贊成；支持5. _ 旁路；支線；岔道6. _ 一定或注定（做）pay offcast downthe mediain favour ofside road(be) bound to (do)第10頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)7. _ 使

9、刻骨銘心8. _ 不時(shí)；偶爾9. _ 使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活10. _ 白費(fèi)力氣；枉費(fèi)心機(jī)11. _ 狀況很好（壞）； 情況很好（壞）strike into ones heartfrom time to timebring back to lifein vainin good/poor condition第11頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA which gives information for how cells are to grow. 結(jié)構(gòu)分析：雖然句子不長(zhǎng)，但卻從句套從句，共有三個(gè)從句。第12頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)第1

10、3頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)1. object vi. 反對(duì)；不贊成(常接介詞to)【歸納】object to sb./sth. = object to doing sth./ to sb. doing sth. 不同意；不贊成；反對(duì)【拓展】objection n. 反對(duì)，異議objective adj. 客觀的，就事論事的第14頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【運(yùn)用】用object的適當(dāng)形式填空。1) He didnt mean _ to my proposal, but did it.2) His idea is reasonable and _. to objectobjective第15頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【歸納】 obtai

11、n sth. from. 從獲得 obtain sth. through. 通過(guò)(某種方式或手段)獲得2. obtain vt. 獲得；贏得第16頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【運(yùn)用】用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1) Surfing on internet is one of my hobbies; I can obtain much knowledge _ it.2) All people are driven to pursue happiness in life, but the vehicles _ we obtain happiness are different. fromthrough which第17頁(yè)/

12、共64頁(yè)3. owe vt. 欠（賬、錢、人情等）；歸功 于【歸納】 owe sb. sth.; owe sth. to sb. 欠（債） owe sb. sth.; owe sth. to sb./sth. 歸因于，歸功于，起源于 owing to 因?yàn)?，由于?8頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子。1) He still _ (欠我80美元) for my work.2) _ (因?yàn)橄掠?，we couldnt come.3) 多虧有了你我才能活下來(lái)。 I owe _ you that I am still alive.4) 我的成功應(yīng)該歸功于我的老師。 I _ my teacher

13、s. owes me $80Owing to the rainowe my success toit to第19頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)4. bother 【歸納】bother既可作動(dòng)詞，也可作名詞。 bother作動(dòng)詞： 使煩惱，使難受。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：bother sb. that .; bother sb. with/about sth.; bother sb. to do sth.。如： It really bothered me that hed forgotten my birthday. Im sorry that I have to bother you with/ about this pro

14、blem. Hes always bothering me to lend him money.第20頁(yè)/共64頁(yè) 花費(fèi)時(shí)間或精力（做某事）。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：bother with/about sth.; bother to do sth.; bother doing sth.。如： He didnt bother with a reply. Dont bother to get dinner for me today; Ill eat out. Many young people didnt bother voting.第21頁(yè)/共64頁(yè) 打擾，搭話煩擾。如： Stop bothering me

15、when Im working. bother作名詞，意為“麻煩，困難，令人煩惱的人或事”。如：Did you have much bother finding the house? What a bother! Weve missed the bus.第22頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)bother 干擾別人正常工作和生活，可能 是故意的。disturb 使人失去正常秩序而一時(shí)不得安 寧，語(yǔ)氣比bother弱。trouble 指在心情上失去平衡而感到憂慮、苦惱或行動(dòng)上帶來(lái)不便，也常用于禮貌請(qǐng)求，May I trouble you for?bother, disturb, trouble第23頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【運(yùn)用

16、】完成下列句子。1) 他老是打電話給我，使我厭煩得很。 His phoning me all the time _.2) 什么事令你憂慮不安經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題嗎？ Whats _ money problems? 3) 她輕輕的開門，以免驚擾了睡著的孩子。 She opened the door quietly so as not to _ the sleeping child.troubling youbothers me a lotdisturb第24頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)5. resist v.【歸納】 抵抗，回?fù)?，反抗。如?She was charged with resisting arrest. Th

17、e soldiers resisted (the enemy attacks) for two days. 抵制，阻擋。其后接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。如： The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates.第25頁(yè)/共64頁(yè) 忍住，抵擋。其后接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用 動(dòng)詞-ing形式。如： John couldnt resist showing off his new car. 不受（某事物）的損害或影響，抗，耐。 如： A healthy diet should help your body resist infection. We

18、need a kind of glass that resists heat.【拓展】 resistance n. 抵抗，反抗，電阻，抵抗力 resistant adj. 抵抗的，有抵抗力的第26頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)6. strike vt. & vi. (struck, struck) 打；撞擊；罷工 n. 罷工【歸納】 strikewith 用敲打 strike against 撞到 It strike sb. that. 某人突然意識(shí)到 be struck by 被打動(dòng)；深受感動(dòng) be on strike 在罷工第27頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子。1) He was so a

19、ngry that he _ his fist. 他氣得用拳頭砸桌子。2) The visitors _ the beauty of the tourist area. 游客被旅游區(qū)的美景迷住了。3) _ that we could use a computer to do the job. 突然想到我們可以用電腦去做這項(xiàng)工作。were struck bystruck the table withIt suddenly struck me第28頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)7. vain adj. 虛榮的；自負(fù)的；徒勞的【歸納】 in vain 白費(fèi)力氣；枉費(fèi)心機(jī)【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子。1) She cl

20、osed her eyes tightly _ to hold back the tears. 她緊閉雙眼，卻無(wú)法忍住眼淚。2) 我們所有的努力都付諸東流了。 All our efforts were _.in vainin a vain attempt第29頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)8. undertake vt. (undertook; undertaken) 著手；從事；承擔(dān)【歸納】 undertake sth. 承擔(dān)某事 undertake to do sth. 許諾做某事；同意做某事 undertake that 保證第30頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【歸納】 pay sb. for sth. =pay sth.

21、 to sb. for sth. 付錢給某人做為的費(fèi)用 pay for sth. 為某事吃苦頭或受懲罰；花錢 買某物 pay back 還錢；報(bào)復(fù) pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 訪問(wèn) 1. pay off 得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清 第31頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子。 If you dont work hard now, youll _ it later when you fail your exams. 你現(xiàn)在不好好學(xué)習(xí)，以后考試不及格時(shí)就得為此付出代價(jià)。 He _ by not coming. 他以不來(lái)的方式報(bào)復(fù)了我。 With the

22、 help of a lot of people, our plan _ (成功了).pay forpaid me backpaid off第32頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)2. in favour of 支持，贊成【拓展】 與in favour of同義或反義的常用短語(yǔ)： approve of 贊同，贊許 be for 贊成，主張 on ones side 在某人一邊 be against 反對(duì) object to 不贊成，反對(duì)第33頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)3. in good/poor condition 狀況很好（壞）； 情況很好（壞）【歸納】 out of condition 健康狀況欠佳 working/liv

23、ing/studying condition 工作/生活/ 學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境 on condition (that) 在條件下； 倘若 on no condition 決不；一點(diǎn)也不（放在句 首，句子用部分倒裝）第34頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA which gives information for how cells are to grow. 第35頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)分析：本句句子不長(zhǎng)，但共有三個(gè)從句。主句是The initial requirement is that.，其中that引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)_ 從句；在這個(gè)

24、主語(yǔ)從句中which gives information for how cells are to grow是_從句，修飾先行詞perfect DNA；在這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中how cells are to grow(細(xì)胞如何生長(zhǎng))是一個(gè)_從句，作for的賓語(yǔ)；for how cells are to grow這個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，修飾information，即“細(xì)胞如何生長(zhǎng)的信息”。主語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)第36頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【考例】1. Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? Yeah, but I have n

25、o idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorite universities. A. when B. why C. that D. how 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)idea作進(jìn)一步的解釋。由thats one of his favorite universities可知，不知道他拒絕那所大學(xué)的原因。 同位語(yǔ)從句點(diǎn)撥第37頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)2. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the spo

26、rts field. A. how B. that C. which D. whether 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)belief作進(jìn)一步的解釋，又因從句意義完整且不缺任何成分。 第38頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)3. The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed. A. when B. that C. whether D. how 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)notice作進(jìn)一步的解釋，又因從句意義完整且不缺任何成分。第39頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【拓展】同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：1. 同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性的，其功能是說(shuō)明名詞的內(nèi)

27、容；定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性的，其功能通常是修飾先行詞，對(duì)先行詞加以限定，說(shuō)明其性質(zhì)、特征等。第40頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)2. 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的that是連接詞，在從句中沒(méi)有含義、不作成分，一般不能省略；引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。如： The news that our team has won the match is encouraging. (同位語(yǔ)從句) The news (that) we heard on the radio yesterday was true. (定語(yǔ)從句)第41頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【運(yùn)用】用適當(dāng)連接詞/關(guān)系詞完成短文。 Working p

28、arents often put their kids in day care center. While most parents interviewed say they are satisfied with the day care 1. _ they use, experts have the belief 2. _ only about 12 percent of children receive high quality care. Many parents really have no idea 3. _ good their day care service is. that/

29、whichthathow第42頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)When choosing a day care center, of course parents want to know how much it costs. But there are many other questions 4. _ parents should ask. Parents need to know if the caregiver is loving and responds to the childs needs. Does the caregiver hug the child, talk to the child, p

30、lay with the child? However, experts make the suggestion 5. _ parents should not put their babies in child care center for the first four months. During this time, it is important for babies to form an attachment to their mothers.that/which that第43頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【寫作任務(wù)】 最近你班進(jìn)行了一次主題為Should human cloning be all

31、owed的討論。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)表格中的提示用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文，介紹討論的情況，并談?wù)勛约旱目捶?，然后發(fā)表在你校英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)站上。如何寫議論文第44頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)支持：1. 幫助不能生育的人擁有自己的孩子； 2. 可以維持或挽救人的生命。反對(duì)：1. 有悖于倫理與道德； 2. 易被邪惡頭目或恐怖分子利用。 注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右（開頭已給出，不計(jì)入 總詞數(shù)）； 2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3. 參考詞匯： 倫理ethic 道德morality第45頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【寫作指導(dǎo)】 議論文是作者對(duì)某個(gè)問(wèn)題或某件事進(jìn)行分析、評(píng)論，表明自己的觀點(diǎn)、立場(chǎng)、態(tài)度、看法和主張的一種文體。議論文寫作多為限定寫作，其論點(diǎn)、

32、論據(jù)和論證都比較明確。常見題型主要有話題探討、觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比、圖表揭示和漫畫評(píng)述等。 論文分三個(gè)基本段落：第一段引出話題；第二段提出正反兩方面的觀點(diǎn)，陳述各自理由；第三段總結(jié)利弊，表明態(tài)度。第46頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)在具體寫作中要注意下列幾點(diǎn)：1. 話題的提出要開門見山，不要拖泥帶水；2. 正反對(duì)比論據(jù)要正確，條理要清楚，語(yǔ)言應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確、精煉；3. 作者的觀點(diǎn)必須鮮明，不能模棱兩可；4. 議論文的主體時(shí)態(tài)多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；5. 盡量避免同一單詞、句型的重復(fù)使用，多采用同義詞、相似結(jié)構(gòu)，使表達(dá)多樣化。第47頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【常用表達(dá)】開頭：We have had a discussion on how to/ whet

33、her/.Different people have different opinions on.In the discussion on., people have several different opinions.People hold different opinions on whether/.People take different attitudes towards.第48頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)主體：Those who agree. think.People who are against. think.Some people hold the opinion that it is g

34、ood to. because.Some people think., while others argue that.On the one hand, ., on the other hand, .On the contrary, some people think.Firstly/ First/ First to all. Secondly/ Second. Lastly/ Last but not least .第49頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)結(jié)尾：In short, I firmly support the view that.I think / dont think.I think whether

35、. or not depends on.From my point of view/ As far as I am concerned / In my opinion, .第50頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)【參考范文】 Recently our class has had a discussion on whether human cloning should be allowed. Different students have different opinions. Some are for human cloning because they think it will help those who a

36、rent able to give babies achieve their dreams. Besides, human cloning helps maintain or save peoples lives as human cells can be cloned and used for medical treatments. 第51頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)However, those who are against it hold the view that human cloning is against human ethics and morality. Whats worse, this

37、 technology can be used by evil leaders or terrorists, which will bring great damage to the world. As far as I am concerned, as long as we use this technology to benefit humans, human cloning should be allowed.第52頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)第53頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)I. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1. Im constantly astonished by people who can speak so

38、many _ (differ) languages.2. We may ask her a few questions to make sure we know _ (exact) what she wants.3. Police arrived at the scene _ (short) after they called.4. The aircraft _ (carry) accidentally hit a little fishing boat. differentexactly shortlycarrier第54頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)5. Now that you have no _ (ob

39、ject), the matter is settled.6. Your argument is based on a completely false _ (assume). 7. The children are busy putting up Christmas _ (decorate).8. There are some programming errors that need _ (correct).9. Im sure there is a perfectly _ (reason) explanation for his absence. objection assumptiond

40、ecorationscorrection/ correctingreasonable第55頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)II. 根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全下列句子。1. All her hard work _ _ (得到好結(jié)果) in the end, and she finally passed the exam.2. The mother could not bear to see her son so miserable and _ _ (沮喪).3. I talked to Susan about it, and she was _ _ _ (贊成) going there with us.paid of

41、fcast downin favor of第56頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)4. Youve done so much work that you _ _ _ (一定) pass the exam.5. Though I left my hometown when I was only a child, _ _ _ _ (不時(shí)地) I still think of it.6. They tried in every way they knew to bring the bird back to life, but _ _ (白費(fèi)力氣).7. The house really is _ _ _ (狀況很糟) i

42、t would cost far too much to repair.in poor conditionarebound/sure tofrom time to timein vain第57頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)III. 把下列句子改寫為含同位語(yǔ)（從句）的復(fù) 合句，并使句意基本保持不變。1. The California coastline is the longest of all the states and it is a national treasure of the USA. _ _2. The sick elephant that was in the third cage attack

43、ed its trainer. _ _The sick elephant, the one in the third cage, attacked its trainer.The California coastline, the longest of all the states, is a national treasure of the USA.第58頁(yè)/共64頁(yè)4. The famous British singer will come to China and the news is very exciting. _ _5. The Earth is steadily warming and we must face the fact. _ _6. Experts think that we must reduce the release of CO2 and most people agree with their opinion. _ _The news that the famous British singer will come to China is very exciting.Most people agree with the experts opinionthat we must reduce the release of CO2.We must