初中定語(yǔ)從句

1、英文名字 cindy熱愛(ài)英語(yǔ) 醉心教育 從教四年 主攻初三善于溝通 認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé) 和藹可親 循循善誘1.定語(yǔ)：定語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與 特征的。 2.從句: 從句本質(zhì)：整個(gè)句子去充當(dāng)另一個(gè) 句子的成分。 從句公式：連詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) 3.定語(yǔ)從句本質(zhì)： 整個(gè)句子去充當(dāng)另一個(gè)句子的成分，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞 去修飾主句中的名詞，作定語(yǔ)。4.判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)： 主句完整 主句中有名詞，被從句修飾。概念概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞 的句子的句子. (attributive clause)mary is a beautiful girl.mary is a girl who

2、 has long hair.形容詞作定語(yǔ)形容詞作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ),修飾修飾girl, 叫做叫做定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句mary is a girl.mary has long hair.合并為一個(gè)句子合并為一個(gè)句子mary is a girl who has long hair.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句mary is a girl who has long hair.關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞which, thatwho, whom, whose where, when關(guān)系詞作用關(guān)系詞作用 1.代替代替先行詞先行詞; 它還在定語(yǔ)從句中它還在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任擔(dān)任一定的一定的

3、成分成分; 3. 同時(shí)同時(shí)連接連接先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。（把主先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。（把主句和從句連起來(lái)）句和從句連起來(lái)）v關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中代替主句中的關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的先行詞之后，而且它的 人稱、數(shù)必須人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。和先行詞一致。 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞判判 斷斷 步步 驟驟 :v 首先，要看先行詞。首先，要看先行詞。 如果先行詞是指人如果先行詞是指人,關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 可用可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行詞指物如果先行詞指物,關(guān)系關(guān)系 代詞可用代詞可用whi

4、ch或或that;v 然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請(qǐng)看下表然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請(qǐng)看下表先行詞先行詞 主格主格 賓格賓格 所有格所有格 人人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,of which 最后，定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和先行詞一致最后，定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和先行詞一致. 注注:定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句的限制。定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句的限制。 the woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句主句)the woman is my mo

5、ther.(敘述客觀事實(shí)敘述客觀事實(shí) 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) (從句從句)the woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中句中yesterday表示過(guò)去時(shí)間表示過(guò)去時(shí)間) 定語(yǔ)從句的用法定語(yǔ)從句的用法: :當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí), , 用用which 或或that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo). .these are the trees whichthat were planted last year.當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí), , 用用who, whom, whose, that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo).who, whom, whose, that用法

6、區(qū)別用法區(qū)別.who 作定語(yǔ)從句的作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ). the man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.the man is a worker.the man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)whom 作定語(yǔ)從句的作定語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) the woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.the woman is a teacher.they wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)whose 作定語(yǔ)從句的作定

7、語(yǔ)從句的定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ). i know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解i know the girl.the girls mother is a teacher.作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)that 可以作定語(yǔ)從句的可以作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ).注意注意: : 關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可 省略省略. . the woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.everything, something, nothing, all, anything, little, much等等不定代

8、詞不定代詞作先行作先行詞時(shí)詞時(shí) everything that we saw in this film was true. 先行詞被先行詞被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)。等修飾時(shí)。ive read all the books that you lend me. 先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。修飾時(shí)。this is the very book that belongs to him. 主句已有主句已有who或或which時(shí)時(shí)who is the girl that is

9、 standing under the tree?which is the machine that we used last sunday. 當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人人和和物物時(shí)時(shí)ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.只能用只能用that的情況檢測(cè)的情況檢測(cè)先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)；修飾時(shí)；主句已有主句已有who或或which時(shí)；時(shí)；當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人人和和物物時(shí)；時(shí)；everything, so

10、mething, nothing, all, anything, little, much等等不定代詞不定代詞作先行作先行詞時(shí)；詞時(shí)； 只能用只能用that的情況檢測(cè)的情況檢測(cè) 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞或或形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞最高級(jí)修飾修飾先行詞時(shí)；先行詞時(shí)； 先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。修飾時(shí)。1. i have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3. the man _ leg broke in a match used to b

11、e a football player.2. yesterday emily was wearing the new dress _ i gave her.4. my parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5. the boy with _ john spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that7. is there anything _ you want to buy in t

12、he town.8.all _ we can do is to study hard.9. the first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat2.（2017廣東中考）廣東中考）according to a survey, people _ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. a. which b. whom c. whose d. whod1.這就是救了那個(gè)孩子命的醫(yī)生這就是救了那個(gè)孩子命的醫(yī)生.this is the doctor who saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那個(gè)人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那個(gè)人是我的叔叔.the man who is running is my uncle.3. 我喜歡可以隨之而唱的音樂(lè)我喜歡可以隨之而唱的音樂(lè). i like the music that i can sing along with.4. 住在隔壁的那個(gè)女的是一名教師住在隔壁的那個(gè)女的是一名教師. the