2021年職稱英語等級考試真題參考答案及解析(理工類B級)

1、2021年職稱英語等級考試真題參考答案及解析(理工類b級) 2021年職稱英語等級考試真題(理工類b級) 第1部分：詞匯選項(第115題，每題1分，共1 5分)下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。 1. mr. henley has accelerated his sate of shares over the past year. a. held b. offered c. increased d. expected 2. marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer. a. hoped

2、 b. admitted c. reported d. answered 3. the view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular. a. general b. traditional c. magnificent d. strong 4. the police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy. a. choice b. idea c. decision d. reason 5. at that time， we did not fully grasp the sig

3、nificance of what had happened. a. understand b. give c. attach d. lose 6. they converted the spare bedroom into an office. a. reduced b. moved c. reformed d. turned 7. anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do. a. doubting b. thinking c. saying d. knowing 8. we need to extract t

4、he relevant financial data. a. store b. save c. obtain d. review 9. jane said that she couldn t tolerate the long hours. a. stand b. spend c. take d. last 10. we explored the possibility of expansion at the conference. a. offered b. included c. investigated d. accepted 11. his shoes were shined to p

5、erfection. a. polished b. cleared c. washed d. mended 12. she always finds fault with everything. a. criticizes b. simplifies c. evaluates d. examines 13. we have to act within the existing legal framework. a. limit b. procedure c. status d. system 14. the high-speed trains can have a major impact o

6、n our lives. a. effort b. problem c. concern d. influence 15. the study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses. a. relative b. continuous c. general d. sharp 第2部分：閱讀推斷(第1622題，每題1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請依據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出推斷：假如該句供應(yīng)的是正確信息，請選擇a；假如該句供應(yīng)的是錯誤信息，請選擇b；假

7、如該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇c。 16. scientists have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned 17. the temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2021. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned 18. lakes seem to be warming faster i

8、n asia. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned 19. a slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned 20. scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned 21. global warming is less threateni

9、ng to small countries. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned 22. unfccc s annual meeting will be held in mexico this year. a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第2330題，每題1分，共8分) 下面的短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)第2326題要求從所給的6個選項中為第14段每段選擇1個最佳標(biāo)題；(2)第2730題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。 23. paragraph 2 _ 24. paragr

10、aph 3 _ 25. paragraph 4 _ 26. paragraph 5 _ aonline stores bdifferences from iphone cdisplay and data connection dbusiness usage efeatures and applications foperating system 27. in april 2021 the ipad developed by apple was _ 28. the ipad will only run programs approved by apple if not _ 29. ipad ap

11、plications enable the owner s email accounts to be _ 30. ipad usage in offices enables employee productivity to be _ amodified bincreased cpersonalized dbrowsed edistributed freleased 第4部分：閱讀理解(第3145題，每題3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。 31. people buy cell phones for the following reas

12、ons except that a. they re popular. b. they re useful. c. they re convenient. d. they re cheap. 32. the worddetectedin paragraph 3 could be best replaced by a. cured. b. removed. c. caused. d. discovered. 33. the salesman retired young because a. he disliked using mobile phones. b. he couldn t remem

13、ber simple tasks. c. he was tired of talking on his mobile phone. d. his employer s doctor persuaded him to. 34. on the safety issue of mobile phones， the manufacturing companies a. deny the existence of mobile phone radiation. b. develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation. c. try to pr

14、ove that mobile phones are not harmful to health. d. hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about. 35. the writer s purpose of writing this article is to advise people a. to buy mobile phones. b. to update regular phones. c. to stop using mobile phones. d. to use mobile phones less

15、often， 36. spiderandbirdmentioned in paragraph 1 are examples to illustrate a. animals are people s friends. b. there are numerous living species on earth. c. it is easy to see spiders and birds. d. there are many types of spiders and birds. 37. the goal of the creation of the eol is to a. collect e

16、nough data to analyze the living species on earth. b. work out an easy-to-use catalog of every living species on earth. c. enlarge an existing website of the living species on earth. d. add new information to the existing databases of the living species on earth. 38. at the starting stage the eol wi

17、ll get information from a. all the websites available. b. databases built up by its creators. c. the existing scientific databases. d. non-scientists with specialized knowledge. 39. the word novice in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by a. beginner. b. scientist. c. creator. d. expert. 40. which o

18、f the following statements is not true? a. scientists have cataloged only a small part of the living species on earth. b. the eol will be beneficial to school kids with its development. c. scientists will review every piece of the information added to the eol. d. people with different interests and

19、knowledge will in a way find the eol useful. 41. unlike other animals in zoos，zoo-raised elephants a. live a long life. b. give birth to many babies. c. develop poor health. d. have difficulty getting food. 42. which of the following about the scientists study is not true? a. they compared zoo-born

20、elephants with wild elephants. b. they analyzed the records of 800 elephants kept in zoos. c. the zoo-born elephants they studied were kept in european zoos. d. they kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care. 43. it was found that，compared with female wild elephants，female zoo-born el

21、ephants a. lived longer. b. grew up faster. c. died much earlier. d. enjoyed the same life spans. 44. one of the possible reasons for the zoo-raised elephants problems is that a. they do not get proper food. b. they do too much exercise. c. they live in large herds. d. they do not live in family gro

22、ups. 45. it can be inferred from the last paragraph that a. zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully. b. zoos should keep more animals except elephants. c. it may not be wise to keep elephants in zoos. d. elephants are no longer an endangered species. 第5部分：補全短文(第4650題，每題2分，共10分) 下面的短

23、文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。 a. he also received a medal of honor. the highest united states military decoration. b. eighty years ago， radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on americans. c. working with an aviation company from san diego，california，a

24、nd with financial help from the city of st. louis，lindbergh got a customized(定制的)airplane that could make the journey， d. lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot，flying out of st，louis，missouri. e. he quit school and moved to nebraska where he learned to be a pilot.

25、f. his childhood was not full of fond memories. 第6部分：完形填空(第5165題，每題1分，共15分) 下面的短文有15處空白，請依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。 51. a. diagnose b. increase c. examine d. treat 52. a. financial b. material c. emotional d. political 53. a. whatever b. although c. since d. if 54. a. road b. term c. journey d. distance 5

26、5 a. affect b. judge c. lead d. study 56 a. located b. moved c. exposed d. mixed 57 a. groups b. sets c. species d. versions 58 a. beauty b. state c. world d. activity 59 a. time b. courage c. trouble d. energy 60 a. tellers b. improvers c. creators d. designers 61 a. not b. than c. but d. that 62 a

27、. at b. in c. about d. without 63. a. association b. cooperation c. difference d. agreement 64. a. probably b. principally c. occasionally d. scarcely 65. a. important b. meaningless c. illogical d. friendly 2021年職稱英語等級考試真題參考答案及解析(理工類b級) 第1部分：詞匯選項(第115題每題1分，共15分)下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為

28、接近的選項。 1c 【解析】題意：在過去的一年，亨利先生快速地拋售了他的股票。劃線詞詞義是“加速”。 a項held意為擁有；例句：the city is held by the enemy這座城市已被敵人占據(jù)。 b項offered意為供應(yīng)；例句：i offered her a range of opinions我向她供應(yīng)了一系列看法。 c項increased意為增加。例句：rising prices neutralized increased wages上漲的物價使 增加的工資化為烏有。 d項expected意為預(yù)料；例句：the doctor s fee was higher than we

29、 expected這位醫(yī)生的收費比我們預(yù)料的高。 很明顯c項正確。 2b 【解析】題意：瑪莎承認她對電腦一無所知。劃線詞的詞義是“承認”。 a項hoped意為盼望；例句：things are not moving as fast as we hoped事情的進展不像我們盼望 的那么快。 b項admitted意為承認；例句：of course，part of the challenge is her admitted difficulty with acting in english當(dāng)然，一部分困難是她自己承認的用英語表演的困難。 c項reported意為報道；例句：it is reported

30、 that 20 people were killed in the accident這次事故據(jù)報道有20人死亡。 d項answered意為回答。例句：the question is simple enough to answer這個問題很簡潔，簡單回答。 很明顯b項正確。 3c 【解析】題意：從我的臥房的窗子遠眺可以看到特別壯麗的景色。劃線詞詞義是“壯麗的，壯美的”。 a項general意為總的，全面的；例句：i get the general impression that they aren t very happy我對他們的總體印象是他們過得并不是很幸福。 b項traditional意

31、為傳統(tǒng)的，慣例的；例句：it s a garden in the traditional victorian style這是一個傳統(tǒng)的維多利亞風(fēng)格的花園。 c項magnificent意為宏大的，堂皇的；例句：the museum that we visited is very magnificent我們參觀的博物館是很雄偉。 d項strong意為強壯的，有力的。例句：i was surprised to find that the strong man liked to eat conserves我很驚異地發(fā)覺這個強壯的男人喜愛吃蜜餞。 很明顯c項正確。 4d 【解析】題意：警方認為謀殺的動機

32、是嫉妒。劃線詞詞義是“動機，動因”。 a項choice意為選擇，選擇；例句：the choice rests entirely with you這完全由你來選擇。 b項idea意為辦法，念頭；例句：it would be a good idea to go swimming in the pond到池塘里去游泳倒是個好辦法。 c項decision意為打算，決議；例句：we can t reach a decision without our chairman主席不在場，我們無法做出打算 d項reason意為緣由；動機。例句：that is the reason why i don t like

33、 it那就是我不喜愛它的緣由。 很明顯d項正確。 5a 【解析】題意：當(dāng)時我們沒有完全理解所發(fā)生事情的重要性。劃線詞詞義是“抓??；領(lǐng)悟，理解”。 a項understand意為理解，領(lǐng)悟。例句：i don t understand what you re talking about我不明白你在說什么。 b項give意為給；例句：have you given the waiter a tip?你給侍者小費了嗎? c項attach意為附上，加上；例句：1 attach a copy of my notes for your information我附上筆記一份供你參考。 d項lose意為丟失，丟失；

34、例句：i lost my wallet yesterday我昨天丟了錢包。很明顯a項正確。 6d 【解析】題意：他們把空閑的臥房改成了一間辦公室。劃線詞詞義是“轉(zhuǎn)換。改造”。 a項reduced意為削減；例句：they are selling the goods under the counter at reduced prices他們正在削價偷偷出售商品。 b項moved意為移動；例句：the army is on the move。軍隊在移動。 c項reformed意為改革；改良；例句：because of his encouragement，she won the best design

35、er by her reformed cheongsam由于他的鼓舞她以她的改良式旗袍贏得了最佳設(shè)計師獎。 d項turned意為轉(zhuǎn)變，使改成。例句：nothing will ever turn him from his purpose什么也不能使他轉(zhuǎn)變目標(biāo)。 很明顯d項正確。 7c 【解析】題意：安德森離開了桌子。同時說他有些工作要去做。劃線詞詞義是“說，講”。 a項doubting意為懷疑；例句：i doubt the truth of it我懷疑此事的真實性。 b項thinking意為想；例句：independent thinking is an absolute necessity獨立思

36、索是肯定必要的。 c項saying意為說；例句：be quiet，i have something to say to you寧靜，我有話要對你們講。 d項knowing意為知道。例句：there s no knowing what they will do沒法知道他們會做些什么。很明顯c項正確 8c 【解析】題意：我們需要獵取相關(guān)的財政數(shù)據(jù)。劃線詞詞義是“提取，獵取”。 a項store意為貯存；例句：the barn can store five tons of grain這個谷倉能放五噸糧食。 b項save意為節(jié)約；例句：i lent him my bike in order that h

37、e could save time我把自行車借給他，以便他能節(jié)約一些時間。 c項obtain意為獲得；例句：he failed to obtain a scholarship他沒有獲得獎學(xué)金。 d項review意為復(fù)習(xí)。例句：before the examination we have a review of the term s work考試之前，我們復(fù)習(xí)了這學(xué)期的功課。 很明顯c項正確。 9a 【解析】題意：簡說她無法忍受這么長時間。劃線詞詞義是“忍受，容忍”。 a項stand意為站立；忍受；例句：i can t stand him anymorehe is talking all the

38、 time我再也沒法 忍受他。他始終喋喋不休。 b項spend意為花費；例句：you really shouldn t spend so much effort on it你真不該在這件事上花費這么大的精力。 c項take意為拿，??；例句：please take the trash to the garbage can請將垃圾拿到垃圾筒去。 d項last意為持續(xù)。例句：the hot weather lasted until september酷熱的天氣持續(xù)到九月。很明顯a項正確。 10c 【解析】題意：在會上，我們討論了擴建的可能性。劃線詞詞義是“調(diào)查，討論”。 a項offered意為供應(yīng)；

39、例句：if she was offered the job she d take it假如供應(yīng)給她這個工作，她就會接受。 b項included意為包括；例句：the bill came to $467，tax included賬單共計467美元，含稅。 c項investigated意為調(diào)查，討論。例句：the police are investigating the murder警察正在調(diào)查這件謀殺案。 d項accepted意為接受；例句：i accepted it cheerily我興奮地接受了。很明顯c項正確。 11a 【解析】題意：他的鞋擦得很亮。 劃線詞詞義是“使發(fā)光，使發(fā)亮”；擦亮(

40、皮鞋等)。 a項polished意為擦亮；拋光；例句：the children loved sliding round the newly polished floor孩子們喜愛在剛擦亮的地板上溜圈子。 b項cleared意為澄清；整理；例句：she cleared the leftovers from the table她清掉了桌上的剩飯剩菜。 c項washed意為洗；例句：can i put washed produce in the bag?我可以把洗過的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品放進口袋么? d項mended意為修補。例句：we need an electrician to mend the iron我們

41、要請電工修理熨斗。很明顯a項正確。 12a 【解析】題意：她總是事事挑剔。 劃線部分詞義是“挑剔，找毛病，批判”。 a項criticizes意為批判；例句：you should not criticize him so harshly in his face你不應(yīng)當(dāng)當(dāng)面 這么嚴峻地批判他。 b項simplifies意為簡化；例句：that will simplify my task那將簡化了我的工作。 c項evaluates意為評估；例句：let s evaluate the evidence讓我們評估一下此證據(jù)的價值。 d項examines意為調(diào)查；考試。例句：it is necessary

42、 to examine how the proposals can be carried out有必要調(diào)查一下怎樣才能實施這些方案。 很明顯a項正確。 13d 【解析】題意：我們必需在現(xiàn)有的法律框架內(nèi)行事。劃線詞詞義是“框架；組織”。 a項limit意為界限；例句：that fence is the limit of the schoolyard那道籬笆是校內(nèi)的界限。 b項procedure意為步驟；例句：the next procedure is to insert the battery接下來的步驟是裝入電池。 c項status意為狀況；例句：we ask the bank to repo

43、rt on his financial status我們請銀行報告他的財政狀況。 d項system意為體系；組織。例句：the drainage system has been aged排水系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)老化了。很明顯d項正確。 14d 【解析】題意：高速列車可能對我們的生活產(chǎn)生很大的影響。劃線詞詞義是“影響”。 a項effort意為努力；例句：they are making every effort to decrease the production cost他 們正盡全力削減生產(chǎn)成本。 b項problem意為問題；例句：we had no time to deliberate on the p

44、roblem我們沒有時間認真思索這個問題 c項concern意為關(guān)懷，掛念；例句：hardly a whisper of concern has been voiced沒有人表示過一點點的關(guān)懷。 d項influence意為影響。例句：what exactly is the influence of television on children?電視對兒童畢竟有什么影響? 很明顯d項正確。 15b 【解析】題意：該項討論還表明選學(xué)理科課程的高校生數(shù)量在持續(xù)下降。劃線詞詞義是“穩(wěn)定的，持續(xù)的”。 a項relative意為相關(guān)的；例句：the teacher asked me some questi

45、ons relative to my paper老師問了我一些和我的論文有關(guān)的問題。 b項continuous意為連續(xù)的；例句：the atmosphere is a continuous layer of gases大氣圈是連續(xù)的氣體層。 c項general意為總的；例句：i get the general impression that they aren t very happy我對他們的總體印象是他們過得并不是很幸福。 d項sharp意為急劇的。例句：the car turned sharp left那部車向左急轉(zhuǎn)彎。 很明顯b項正確 第2部分：閱讀推斷(第1622題。每題1分，共7分

46、) 下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請依據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出推斷：假如該句供應(yīng)的是正確信息，請選擇a；假如該句供應(yīng)的是錯誤信息，請選擇b；假如該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇c。 16b 【解析】題意：科學(xué)家們始終記錄著湖泊溫度的變化已超過30多年。 關(guān)鍵詞為scientists科學(xué)家們；keeping records始終記錄；lake temperatures湖泊溫度；for over 30 years 30多年 依據(jù)文中第2段開頭的第1句：“科學(xué)家們近來利用衛(wèi)星來討論世界上湖泊溫度的變化，而且發(fā)覺湖溫正在上升。”第2句的開頭：“在1985至2021年間，”，可看出共“24年”，而且下一句直

47、接就寫“在這24年期間”。由此可推斷錯誤，選b項。 17a 【解析】題意：從1985至2021，世界湖泊的溫度已大大上升了。 關(guān)鍵詞為the temperatures of lakes湖泊溫度；have increased greatly大大增加了；between 1985 and 2021從1985至2021 依據(jù)文中第2段的第2、3行：“從1985至2021，。在這24年間，湖泊的溫度變 得更高了。” 以此可推斷應(yīng)選a項正確。 18c 【解析】題意：亞洲湖泊的溫度好像上升得更快。 關(guān)鍵詞為lakes湖泊；be warming faster升溫更快；in asia在亞洲 通讀全文可知，“as

48、ia(亞洲)”在全文中沒有消失，以此可推斷選c項，沒有提及。 19a 【解析】題意：湖泊溫度略有上升都有可能毒害魚類。 關(guān)鍵詞為a slight temperature increase溫度略有上升；harmful to fish毒害魚類 依據(jù)文中第3段的最終1句：“湖溫略有上升就會產(chǎn)生大量的水藻，而水藻又可使湖水對魚類造成毒害?！币源丝赏茢噙xa項正確。 20a 【解析】題意：當(dāng)科學(xué)家們討論全球變暖時，他們通常集中討論的是空氣溫度。關(guān)鍵詞為scientists科學(xué)家們；focus on集中；air temperatures空氣溫度 依據(jù)文中第4段的第2行：“由于科學(xué)家們常常利用對空氣溫度的測量來討論地球是如何變暖的。”以此可以推斷選a項正確。 21b 【解析】題意：全球變暖對小國威逼更小。 關(guān)鍵詞為global warming全球變暖；less threatening威