非謂語動詞做狀語PPT課件

1、非謂語動詞過去分詞 v-ed不定式to do動名詞現(xiàn)在分詞分 詞-ing 形式動名詞-ing現(xiàn)在分詞v-ing第1頁/共84頁動詞不定式的使用To do like that is foolish.I want to see you I am to visit youHe has lots of work to do.I study hard to improve English. The teacher ask me to answer the question. 主語 賓語表語 定語 狀語 賓補第2頁/共84頁1.主語swimming is my hobby.2. 賓語I like swim

2、ming.3. 表語My hobby is swimming.4. 定語I want to buy a swimming suit.動名詞可以以下成分:第3頁/共84頁1.表語The music is moving.2. 定語I dont like the people talking loudly in public. 3. 賓補We heard her singing in her room.4. 狀語Reading a newspaper, She sat at the table.現(xiàn)在分詞可以以下成分:第4頁/共84頁1.表語The teacher is moved.2. 定語I do

3、nt like the man talked about at the party. 3. 賓補We heard a song sung in her room.4. 狀語Lost in a newspaper, She didnt notice me.過去分詞可以以下成分:第5頁/共84頁非謂語動詞的句法功能主語主語賓語賓語表語表語賓補賓補定語定語狀語狀語不不定定式式動動名名詞詞分分詞詞主語賓語表語賓補定語狀語主語賓語表語定語表語賓補定語狀語第6頁/共84頁非謂語動詞，不是做謂語的動詞。當句中已經(jīng)有了謂語動詞，并且句中沒有連詞時，需要用非謂語動詞了。The girl is Mary.If I

4、 am given more time, I ll catch up with you.The girl dancing in the hall is Mary.Given more time, Ill catch up with you.主語系(謂語)表語非謂語動詞（定）非謂語動詞（狀語）連詞主語謂語賓謂語Analyze the sentence：劃分句子結構第7頁/共84頁觀察下列例句, 找出非謂語動詞, 并且判斷做什么成分. ( )1. Asked why he did it, he said it was his duty.2. Being ill, he didnt go to sc

5、hool. ( )3. Working hard, you will do well in your exams. ( )4.His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan ( )5.They went into the room, laughing and talking. ( )6. To make much progress in English, he studies hard. ( )第8頁/共84頁觀察下列例句, 找出非謂語動詞, 并且判斷做什么成分. ( )1. Asked why he did it, he said it

6、was his duty.2. Being ill, he didnt go to school. ( )3. Working hard, you will do well in your exams. ( )4.His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan. ( )5.They went into the room, laughing and talking. ( )6. To make much progress in English, he studies hard. ( )第9頁/共84頁觀察下列例句, 找出非謂語動詞, 并且判斷

7、做什么成分 ( )1. Asked why he did it, he said it was his duty.2. Being ill, he didnt go to school. ( )3. Working hard, you will do well in your exams. ( )4.His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan ( )5.They went into the room, laughing and talking. ( )6. To make much progress in English, he stu

8、dies hard. ( )原因狀語條件狀語結果狀語伴隨狀語目的狀語 時間狀語 第10頁/共84頁一.非謂語動詞做狀語的形式： doing/ having done done/being done/having been done to do/ to be done二. 做題方法：析句子結構，找邏輯主語，辯邏輯關系，判動詞先后三. 高考易混點第11頁/共84頁1)分詞作狀語形式形式意義意義doinghaving donedonebeing donehaving been done主動，與主句謂語動詞同時或基本同時發(fā)生主動，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生被動被動，正在進行，一般作原因狀語放句首被動，先于謂語動

9、詞發(fā)生第12頁/共84頁2) 不定式做狀語 形式形式 意義意義To do 主動，將來主動，將來To be doneTo be doingTo have doneTo have been done 被動，被動， 將來將來主動，主動， 正在正在主動，完成主動，完成被動，完成被動，完成第13頁/共84頁1.Seeing from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. 2. The lawyer listened with full attention, trying not to miss any point. 3. No

10、t having received a reply, he decided to write again. 4. Having waited in the queue for half of an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. 一. doing/having done 做狀語 主語與非謂語動詞為主動關系， having done 強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞之前。After the old man _ in the queuefor half an hour, he suddenly

11、realized he hadhad waited第14頁/共84頁1. Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks beautiful. 2. Compared with those who lived in the slums, Children here are really lucky.3. Having been separated from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any

12、other countries in the world. 4. Having been shown around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. 5. Being repaired, the access to the museum is locked.二. done/being done/having been done 做狀語 主語與非謂語動詞之間為被動關系； having been done 發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞之前第15頁/共84頁1. Not to

13、 fail the examination, all the students are studying hard.2. He hurried to the station, only to be told that the train had left. 3. He hurried to the booking office only to find that all the tickets had been sold out.4. I feel greatly honored to be welcomed into their society.三. to do 做目的，原因，結果狀語 to

14、 be done 是被動結構目的狀語結果狀語結果狀語原因狀語第16頁/共84頁表目的表 原 因表 結 果第17頁/共84頁2) 不定式做狀語 形式形式 意義意義To do 主動，將來主動，將來To be doneTo be doingTo have doneTo have been done 被動，被動， 將來將來主動，主動， 正在正在主動，完成主動，完成被動，完成被動，完成第18頁/共84頁I study hard _ the people well.to serveTo serve the people well, I study hard. (置于句首加強語氣)In order to s

15、erve the people well, I study hard.(更加強語氣)I study hard so as to serve the people well. (不可用于句首)表目的第19頁/共84頁He is lucky _ here on time.to getI am happy _ you again. Li Ming seemed willing _ that. I am sorry _ that. to seeto doto hear(作原因狀語時常修飾表感情的形容詞,表示產(chǎn)生這種感情的原因.)表 原 因第20頁/共84頁I hurried to get there

16、only to find him out.He hurried to the station, only to be told the bus had left. 1）(only to do 表示意料之外的結果)2）too.to/ enough to /so as to表 結 果His family was too poor to support him He is old enough to go to school. The house is so high and narrow as to resemble a tower.這房子又高又窄，像一座塔 第21頁/共84頁不定式做狀語時應該注

17、意：1not/never tooto do, toonot to do, but/only too to do, too ready to do, too eager to do表示肯定意義。He is too careful not to have noticed that.他那么小心,肯定會注意到那一點的。She is too sad not to help crying. 她那么傷心，忍不住哭了。I am only too glad to help you.我很高興能幫助你。I am only never too glad to know you.認識你我再高興不過了。Mary was

18、only too ready to help others.瑪麗總是樂于助人.You cannot be too careful when you drive car. 你開車時無論怎么小心都不過分。第22頁/共84頁1)分詞作狀語形式形式意義意義doinghaving donedonebeing donehaving been done主動，與主句謂語動詞同時或基本同時發(fā)生主動，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生被動被動，正在進行，一般作原因狀語放句首被動，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生第23頁/共84頁1.表時間2.表原因4.表方式,伴隨5.表結果現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語3.表讓步第24頁/共84頁1.表時間2.表原因4.表伴隨5

19、.表結果過去分詞做狀語3.表條件、讓步第25頁/共84頁A.作時間狀語：When they heard the bad news，they couldnt help crying. = _ (hear) the bad news, they couldnt help crying. When we were taken around the city, we were deeply impressed by the citys new look. When _ around the city, we were deeply impressed by the citys new look. Af

20、ter he finished his work, he went home. _ his work, he went home. Hearing taken Having finished第26頁/共84頁B.作原因狀語： Because he was poor, he could not afford to travel abroad.=_ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad. _ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder. _ (lose) in thought, h

21、e almost ran into a post. _ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away. _ (not know) her address, we couldnt get in touch with her. Being poorEncouragedLostFrightenedNot knowing第27頁/共84頁Because I hadnt received his letter, I decided to call him up.=_ (not receive) his letter, I deci

22、ded to call him up._ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost.Not having receivedHaving never been第28頁/共84頁C.方式/伴隨狀語:She watched the film, _ (weep ) and _ (sigh). The teacher stood there, _ (surround) by a lot of students. D.作條件狀語：If I were given another chance, I would have done the job far better.

23、 = _ another chance, I would have done the job far better. (If) _ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time. weepingsighingsurroundedGivenPlaying第29頁/共84頁E.作結果狀語：(意料中的結果) The hunters fired, _(shoot) one of the wolves. The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _ (cause) the delay. 區(qū)別: 不定式表示意

24、外的結果 He hurried to the station, only _ (find) the train had left. F.作讓步狀語： Though it heavily rained heavily, it cleared up very soon. = _, it cleared up very soon. Though _ (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. shootingcausingto findRaining heavilytold第30頁/共84頁分詞作狀語時, 需注意:

25、A.分詞短語作狀語時,它的邏輯主語通常應是_ _ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful._ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city. B.分詞短語的位置: 一般來說,時間,原因,條件,讓步等分詞短語多放在句首;而表結果,伴隨的分詞短語放在句尾. Finding the door locked, Tom went home. ( _ ) Tom went home, finding the door locked. （_） 主句的主語SeenSeeing原因結果第31頁/共84頁二. 非謂語動

26、詞做狀語的解題方法第32頁/共84頁（一）析句子結構,辨別“謂語與非謂語”1._many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D.Though he was toldCA注意連詞第33頁/共84頁 非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。（二）找邏輯主語1. They went into the roo

27、m, laughing and talking. 2. Given more time, I can do better.一般來說，作狀語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的_.主語 第34頁/共84頁1. _ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen2. _ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. Seenthe stadiumthe astronautSeenSeeing第35頁/共84頁1.

28、 _ different cultures, we often pay attention to the differences without noticing the mainly similarities.2. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A. Compared B. Comparing C. To compareComparingwethe biggest oceanWe compare the biggest ocean with/to the size

29、of the whole ocean. =The biggest ocean is compared with/to the size of the whole earth.（三）辨邏輯關系即判斷主被動Compared第36頁/共84頁（四）判動詞先后 1._ the old man, the young people started walking slowly.A.Followed B. Following C. To follow D. Having followed2. _ the fruit, the girl became pregnant and gave a birth to

30、a handsome boy.A.Having swallowed B. Swallowing C. To swallowFollowing Having swallowed第37頁/共84頁C1._ yourself to sunlight for too much time , you will get your skin sun-burnt. _ to sunlight for too much time, your skin will be harmed. A. ExposedB. Having exposed C. ExposingD. After being exposed2. _

31、 such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having sufferedB. Suffering C. To suffer D. SufferedAATest yourself第38頁/共84頁3. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begunC. beginningD. begun4. Finding her car sto

32、len, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searching thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help5. The idea for the new plan came to his mind, _to his experiment in the lab. Awhile devoting B.while devoting himselfCwhile he was devoted D. while dev

33、oted DDC第39頁/共84頁形成性檢測1. 改寫下列句子,其劃線部分應改為分詞短語(C級)1.Look round when you cross the street. 2. When she heard the news, she burst into laughter. 3. As she was still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long. 4.Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other. 5.A cold rain was f

34、alling. It was mixed with snow. when crossing the streetWhen hearing the newsBeing rather weakwhen introduced to each other, mixed with snow第40頁/共84頁6.While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ours. 7.The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson. 8.The ground

35、which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful. 9.There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave. 10.The worker wrote to the police and disclosed who stole the money. coveringdisclosing第41頁/共84頁第42頁/共84頁As soon as they heard the bad news, they couldnt help crying.Hearing the bad n

36、ews, they couldnt help cryingOn hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying.(doing 動作一發(fā)生, 主句動作立即發(fā)生)1.表時間第43頁/共84頁While she was playing the piano, she got very excited.While playing the piano, she got very excited.(doing 動作進行中, 主句動作發(fā)生了.這時when 或 while一般要加上。)1.表時間第44頁/共84頁Having turned off the radio

37、, he began to go over his lessons.After turning off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.After he had turned off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.(doing動作完成后, 主句動作才發(fā)生.)1.表時間第45頁/共84頁As he forgot his manners, he put his feet up on the desk.Forgetting his manners, he put his feet up on

38、 the desk.Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.(doing動作與主句動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生.)Because he was so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.2.表原因第46頁/共84頁Because/ As he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go last week.Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go last week.(doing動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，用doing的

39、完成式.)2.表原因第47頁/共84頁Although he worked from morning till night, he didnt get enough food.Although working from morning till night, he didnt get enough food.(although/ even if/ even though + doing.)3.表讓步第48頁/共84頁They sang and laughed; they came into the classroom.They came into the classroom, singing

40、and laughing.(表方式和伴隨時, 謂語動作是主要的,doing是次要動作.)4.表方式,伴隨第49頁/共84頁The bus was held up by the snowstorm, so it caused the delay. The bus was held up by the snowstorm, causing the delay.5.表結果第50頁/共84頁1.表時間2.表原因4.表伴隨5.表結果過去分詞做狀語3.表條件、讓步第51頁/共84頁When the city is seen from the hill, it is beautiful.Seen from

41、the hill, the city is beautiful.1.表時間第52頁/共84頁Confused by the stones flying at them from all sides, the boys ran into the building.As the boys were confused by the stones flying at them from all sides, they ran into the building.2.表原因第53頁/共84頁Even though defeated again, the scientist didnt give up.(

42、一般來講,時間,原因,條件,讓步狀語多放與句首,結果,伴隨,方式狀語多放在句末.)Given more water, the fish couldnt die.3.表條件、讓步第54頁/共84頁現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,doing與句子的主語是主動關系,即主語是doing動作的執(zhí)行者.過去分詞做狀語, done與句子的主語是被動關系,即主語是done動作的承受者.第55頁/共84頁分詞作狀語時前面可用連詞1. when, while, once, if, unless, though等引導的狀語從句，若其主語與主句主語相同時，可保留該副詞連接詞，其余部分則化簡為分詞短語。While walking al

43、ong the street early in the morning, he saw her.一早在街上散步時，他看到了她。If falling ill, Ill see my doctor.如果生病我會去看醫(yī)生。Once completed, this power station supplies the nearby towns and villages with electricity.這個電站一旦建成，將向附近的城鄉(xiāng)供電。Even though given every opportunity, they would not try.即使給他們一切機會，他們也不肯試一試。Though

44、knowing the truth, he remained silent.雖然他知道實情，卻保持沉默。Unless invited, I am not going abroad.除非受到邀請，要不然我是不會出國的。 第56頁/共84頁分詞或分詞短語作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句中的主語相同（即保持一致）,否則句子是錯誤的。Entering the room, I found the walls newly-painted.我走進房間時，發(fā)現(xiàn)墻壁油漆一新。Entering the room，the first thing that met eyes was the newly-painted w

45、allsBadly wounded, the soldier was sent to hospital at once 士兵受了重傷，立即被送到醫(yī)院。 Badly wounded，we sent the soldier to hospital at once Being very busy，I could not afford the time to go to the cinema我因為太忙，不能花時間去看電影了。 Being very busy，the film tickets were given to others （對）（對）（對）（錯）（錯）（錯）第57頁/共84頁第58頁/共84

46、頁一.非謂語動詞做狀語的形式： doing/ having done done/having been done to do/ to be done二. 做題方法：析句子結構，找邏輯主語，辯邏輯關系，判動詞先后三. 高考易混點第59頁/共84頁三.非謂語動詞做狀語高考易混點第60頁/共84頁1. (only) to do 和(thus) doing 做結果狀語1.His parents died, _ him an orphan. A. left B. leaving C. leave D. to leave2. He rushed to the train station, only _ t

47、he train had gone. A. finding B. found C. finds D. to find (only) to do 出乎意料,意料之外 (thus) doing 順其自然,意料之中做結果狀語時第61頁/共84頁2. doing 做伴隨狀語和to do 做目的狀語1). The secretary worked late into night, _a long speech. ( prepare ) The secretary worked late into night _ a long speech.2)Write to the editor, _ that th

48、e editor would be able to help her（ hope ）preparinghopingto prepare,第62頁/共84頁3. taste, feel ,smell ,taste，為感官動詞，常用現(xiàn)在分詞做定語或狀語。沒有被動語態(tài)。1._delicious, the apples sells well. A. Tasted B. Tasting C. To taste D. Having been tasted2. _sweet, the flowers in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to the be

49、auty of nature. A. To smell B. Smelling C. Smelt D. To be smelt第63頁/共84頁4. 非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應與主句主語保持一致.1）. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_. （2006陜西卷） A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John 2). Whil

50、e watching television，_. （2005全國卷III） A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell ringswatchingFaced with第64頁/共84頁3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.A.is B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was

51、F. beenCE注意標點符號第65頁/共84頁1.When _ help, one often says, “Can I help you?” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered2. When _ help, one often says, “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered3. Generally speaking, _according to the directions, the d

52、rug has no side- effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken4.While watching TV, _.A. The door bell rang B. we heard the door bell ringsC. We heard the door bell ring D. the door bell rings第66頁/共84頁一.非謂語動詞的三種基本形式：二. 句式特點：_, 句子 句子+_三. 做題方法：析句子結構，找邏輯主語，辯邏輯關系，判動詞先后四. 高考考點do

53、ingdoneto do第67頁/共84頁 2. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing the two students第68頁/共84頁（三）辨邏輯關系1. “You cant catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C.to run D. ran 2. _ black and blue, the l

54、ady couldnt move. A. Beaten B. Beating C. To be beaten D. To beatJane 判斷主被動第69頁/共84頁3. 3. 考察（考察（bebe）過去分詞）過去分詞+ +介詞介詞 1). _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (四川 2006)A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face2). _ so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (選項同上

55、)3). _in the mountains for a week, we were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Losing C. Being lost D. Lost4)._ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor, （dress）FacingDressed第70頁/共84頁Find out some sentences about“非謂語動做狀語” from the reading and the usinglanguage.1.H

56、aving collected and evaluated the information, Ihelp other scientists to predict where lava fromvolcano will flow next and how fast. 2. Having earlier collected special clothes fron the observatory, we put them on before we went any closer.3. Having swallowed the fruit, the girl became pregnant and

57、gave a birth to a handsome boy.第71頁/共84頁考察考察 （bebe）過去分詞）過去分詞+ +介詞介詞 1. _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (四川 2006)A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face2. _ so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (選項同上)3. _in the mountains for a week, we were finally sa

58、ved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Losing C. Being lost D. Lost4._ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor, （dress）FacingDressed第72頁/共84頁1._ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be at

59、tracted D. Having attracted2. _ writing the article, Mrs Curie even forgot her dinner. A. Absorbed in B. Absorbing in C. Having absorbed by D. To absorb in 第73頁/共84頁連詞+分詞 （狀語從句的省略）1. He wont attend his wedding even if _. A. being invited B. invited C. to be invited D. having invited2. When _ help, o

60、ne often says, “Can I help you?” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered3. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _ every day. (四川 2007) A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water第74頁/共84頁1._ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.