初中英語(yǔ)中考語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)及習(xí)題-代詞

1、代詞 人稱代詞 :主格 : 單數(shù) i 、you 、 he 、she 、it復(fù)數(shù) we、you 、they賓格 : 單數(shù) me 、you 、him 、 her 、it 復(fù)數(shù) us 、you、them 物主代詞 : 形容詞性 my 、your 、his 、her 、its 、our 、 your 、 their名詞性 mine 、yours 、his 、hers 、its 、ours 、yours 、 theirs 反 身 代 詞 : myself 、 yourself 、 himself 、herself 、 itself 、 ourselves 、 yourselves 、themselves

2、1. 形容詞性物主代詞在句中只能作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，名詞性物主代詞在句中可作表語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)， 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞；2. 留意名詞性物主代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)系, 是單數(shù)仍是復(fù)數(shù)；如： these books aren'tours.oursare new. 這里 ours=our books this isnot our room.oursisover there. 這里 ours=our room3."of+ 名詞性物主代詞 " 表示所屬 如： a sister of his他的一個(gè)妹妹 a friend of mine我的一個(gè)伴侶4. 人稱代詞在并列使用時(shí)的次序

3、為：“其次人稱， 第三人稱，第一人稱” ；如： you, she and i all enjoy the music.5. 關(guān)于反身代詞，同學(xué)們須把握其固定結(jié)構(gòu)：enjoy oneself=have a good time 過(guò)得很開心 by oneself=alone 單獨(dú)、獨(dú)自 helponeselfto隨 便 吃 /喝些 . learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. 自學(xué) 練習(xí)題1.-whose trousersare these.- ,ithink. a.they b.theirc.theirsd.them2. nobody taught eng

4、lish. he taught . a.him, himselfb.his, himselfc.him, by himself d.his, his（二）修飾可數(shù)名詞many few表否定意義a few表確定意義修飾不數(shù)名詞 much little 表否定意義 a little 表確定意義 few 和 little 與 quite 或 only 連用時(shí)， 常加不定冠詞 a. 如:there are quite a few new booksin the library.=用 little, a little, few, a few填空 :word 格式整理版1.ioftenstayathome

5、 becauseihave friends here.2. jim,don'tgo and getsome water.there is water in the glass.3. thoughhe learnedfrench onlyweeks. he can speak very well.4. lily had bread becauseshe was hungry yesterday.（三）不定代詞: something, anything, nothing.當(dāng)形容詞修飾這三個(gè)不定代詞時(shí)，常后置；如：something newthere's in today's

6、 newspaper.中考題a. important anythingb.important something c.anything importantd.something important 四 另外，仍要留意代詞some, every, all, both,either, another1. some （一些，某）一般用于確定句中注： some有時(shí)也可用于表示懇求的疑問(wèn)句中；any （任何）多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句 will you give me some water. would you like some meat. may i ask some questions. could i

7、 have some apples.2. every單數(shù)名詞“每一個(gè)”強(qiáng)調(diào)共性，作定語(yǔ),形式上為單數(shù)；each“每一個(gè)”強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)性，作定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)，常與of 連用；如: each student was asked to try again. each of them has a nice skirt.every child likes playing games.3. all“ 全部 都” 表示三者或三者以上，作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在連系、助動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前；none “沒(méi)有”表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介詞of如： we are all from canada. = all

8、of us are from canada.none of us is/are afraid of dogs.（單、復(fù)數(shù)均可）4. both“（兩者）都”, 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，看作復(fù)數(shù)；作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)；either“兩者中任何一個(gè)”, 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù) ; 作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，后跟名詞單數(shù)；neither“ 兩者 都不” , 含有否定意義，用法同either；學(xué)習(xí)參考好幫手如： they both swim well. both of them swim well. there are treeson bothsidesofthestreet.= there are trees on eit

9、her side of the street. neitherof us isgoingtobeijingnextweek. neither answer is right.5. another +單數(shù)名詞 ,“另一個(gè)”onethe other“一個(gè)，另一個(gè)”the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞= the others“其他的人或物”（指確定范疇內(nèi)剩下的全部）others“別人” 五 疑問(wèn)代詞5 個(gè)“ wh”,即 who, whose, whom, what, which這里， which是同學(xué)們不易把握的內(nèi)容，其實(shí)，同學(xué)們只須記住，對(duì)作定語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容提問(wèn)，常用which.例如 : i likether

10、ed shirt.do you like .練習(xí) :一、依據(jù)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空6 can you come with.we7 theseskirtsare.yoursareover there.she8 pleasetakecareof,boysandgirls.you9 i don't think this is my frisby, though it looks like.i10look atbooks.are theyyours.that二、依據(jù)首字母填空11 is there ainteresting in the newspaper. 12 she asked us t

11、o help eother.13 the old man can nread nor write.14 nisdifficultifyou put your heartintoit. 15 please help yto some fish, lucy.三、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換16 、 a:thechildrenplayedhappilyinthezoo yesterday.b: the childreninthezoo yesterday.17、 a: he doesn't like mutton, and she doesn't, either.b:heshe likes mutto

12、n.18 、 a:alltheamericanpeopledon'tlike sandwiches.b:theamerican peoplelikesandwiches.19、a: they don'toftenhear thetwinssingthe song in the school.word 格式整理版b:ofthetwinsoftenheard sing the song in the school.zk四、單項(xiàng)挑選20 、 -canyouspeakchinese,peter.-yes,but only.a. little b. few c. a little d.

13、a few21、 -do you like jane's new skirt.-yes,verymuch. i'llask mumtobuyforme.a. one b. it c. the other d. a22the colorof herskirtisdifferentfromof mine.a. one b. that c. it d. this23、 studentsare usuallyinterestedinsports.some like running, some like swimming.like ballgames.a. the others b. o

14、thers c. the other d. other24、 -i'll give the boysto eat.-oh, i know, fish and chips.a. something english b. english somethingc. anythingenglish d.englishanythingd25 、-shall i help you with the heavy box.-no, thanks, i can do it.a. me b. my c. mine d. myself26 、 -what time shallwe meet thisafter

15、noon,3:00or 4:00.-i don't mind.time is ok.a. neither b. each c. any d. either27、 -my bag is full, what about.-is full, too.a. you,yours b. his,he c. yours,mine d. hers,she28、-i'vehad enough bread,would you like.-no, thanks.a a few moreb. one morec. another mored. some more29、 there are many

16、trees onsides of the river.a. both b. either c. neither d. each1、he has two bikes, one is new,is old.a.theotherb.otherc.theothersd. others2、withoutthesun,couldgrow intheworld.a. anythingb. somethingc. nothing d.everything3、of them isgoing to play basketball with學(xué)習(xí)參考好幫手you this afternoon.a. all b. ne

17、ither c. some d. both4、-can you tell me what a panda looks like.-look. this is a picture of.a. it b. one c. two d. some 5、there are not many pears here, but you can takeif you want to.a. few b. a few c. a little d. little課后練習(xí)單項(xiàng)填空 :人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞和疑問(wèn)代詞1. is she. she's a nurse.a. whob. wherec.

18、 whichd. what2. is tom like. oh, he's short.a. whichb. whoc. what d. whom3. cap is that.a. who'sb. whoc. whosed. where4. is no use telling him about that.a. this b. that c. thesed. it5. the three men, bob, joe and met at the station.a. ib. mec. herd. you6. have been to paris.a. i, you and he

19、b. he, you and ic. you, he and id. you, he and me7. mybrotherisso young thathe can'ttake care of .word 格式整理版a. ib. himselfc. med. herself14. all my classmates are going to the summer palace except .a. he and i b. he and mec.himandid. him and me15. go to .a. here, us b. there, theyc. there, themd

20、. here, we16. themoon is shiningbrightly tonight . is like a round plate.a. itsb. hec. shed. they17. he is as tall as .a. sheb. herc. himd. himself18. if i were , i would take the advice.a. sheb. herc. hed. his19. open the door. please. it's .a. ib. myc. mine d. me20. she hasn'tbroughtbook w

21、ithher.will you lend her .a. hers, yourb. her, yourc. hers, yoursd. her, yours21. that'snot; itis . i made it .a. yours, mine, myselfb.your, mine, myselfc. yours, her, myselfd. yours, my, myself22. john'sbook ismore interestingthan.a. your bookb. your onec. yourself d. yours23. either mary o

22、r her parents will let me usea. himb. herselfc. himselfd. his car.8. the young teacher teaches politics.a. usb. ourc. ours d. ourself9. our work is not so good as .a. himb. hec. hisd. he's10. has jack got the money. yes, i gave yesterday.a .to him themb. to him ifc.himthemd. it to him11. how har

23、d works.a. herb. theirc. mine d. him24. the bird builds nest in the tree.a. herb. it's c. itsd. her's25. the sun makes day and night.a. itsb. wec. ourd. ours.26. i've forgotten my bread. never mind, you can have .a. some of usb. us somec.someof oursd. some of oura. web .himc. hed. his12.

24、 won't you let help you.27.twosistersof english.helpuswithoura. i and my friendb. my friend and ic. my friend and me d. my friend and i to13. he asked the three men, bob, joe and to be ready.a. himb. hisc. hed. he's28. are they friends .a.of youb.to youc. to yours d.of yours學(xué)習(xí)參考好幫手herown29.

25、lily and bill want to see it .a. theirselvesb.themselvesc.himselfd. themself30. we had better ask the secretary .a. hisb. himc. himselfd. themselves31. we met his grandma .a. himselfb. hersc. herselfd.32. the girl dresses when she gets up.a. herb. shec. herselfd. himself33. please help to some tea.a

26、. meb. himc. yourself d. yours34. tom is not quite today.a. hisselfb. himc. hisd. himself35. i'll bring dictionary with me.a. myselfb. ourselvesc. my ownd.36. magazine is over there.a. theseb. thosec. this d. that37. a good idea.a. this isb. that's38. he was ill. iswhy he didn'tattendthe

27、word 格式整理版b. very47. is he. he is a bus driver.a. whob. whichc. that d. what48. how is your brother . .a. that's heb. that's himc.he'svery goodd. he's very well49. these girls do you know.a. which of b. who arec. what d. how many50. paper do you read. i read " china daily".

28、a. whichb. howc. how many d. what51. is the quickest way from here to the bank.a. whatb. whichc. what wayd. which the way52. what' s his name . .a. it johnb. john it's the namec.it's johnd. its john53. what colour are your new shoes . .a. they are brown colourb. it'sbrownc. they are

29、brownd. they are colour brown54. hat is that.meeting.a. this b. itc. there d. that39. what i want to tellyou is: the meeting is put off till friday.a. itb. this c. that d. its40. she went to swim and i'll do .a. such b. same c. the same asd. the same41. our feeling was .a. who'sb. whose c. w

30、hod. whom55.the tv setsmadeinshanghai are much better than made in beijing.a. thatb. thesec. thosed. it單項(xiàng)填空 :不定代詞 70 分, 70分鐘 1. if you need money, i'll lend you .a. oneb. some c. anyd. those2. the pen i'm writing with is different froma. the same as theyb. same astheirsc. .same as theyd. the

31、 same as theirs42. they left for shanghai on day.a. the same b. such43. you can do it now or leave it till later, it is to me.a. the same b. all the same44. who is that boy . .a. he is a student b. he is a workerc. he is my brotherd. he is talla. that onesb. that one c.thatone'sd. those one3. i

32、remember word he said that day.a. allb. none c. both d. every4. " does he studyphysicsorchemistry." " he studies ."a. eitherb. neitherc. none d .all5. "does he study english or russian ." "he studies ."45.itwas swimming.warmdaythattheywenta. both b. allc. eith

33、erd. none6. there are several windows in the room. thea. such b. such ac. sod. so a face south.46. it was a long time ago.a. sucha. both b. allc. everyd. either學(xué)習(xí)參考好幫手7. do you have to say at the meeting.a. something importantb. anythingimportantc. important somethingd. importantanything8. i'veh

34、ad enough bread,wouldyou like.a. one more b. some morec. any much d. another more9. wore what she liked best.a. each of the womenb. each of the womanc. each of womend. each the women10. i don't know .a. anyone of themb. any one of childrenc. no oned. any one of the children11. she has fourdaught

35、ers.one isa doctor,but are workers.a. anotherb. otherc. the othersd. the other12. i asked her if she know .a. all them b. them all c. them of alld. every them13. can always try to do a little better than best.a. one, you b. one, one c. one, his d.one, one's14. one of the students hasn't prep

36、ared lessons very well.a. one'sb. ones c. theird. his15. everyoneshouldbecarefulof pronunciation.a. theirb. ones c. ourd. his16. have you any books on cooking. i'd like to borrow .a. itb. that c. this d. one17. have you got any apples.yes, i'vegot .word 格式整理版22. put bread on the table; w

37、e need more.a. any, someb. some, anyc. some, somed. any, any23. there isn't work for us to do.a. some b. any24. he remembers havingread aboutitin.a. any storybookb. some storybook25. i have important to tell you.a. somethingb. anything26. is there wrong with your tv set.a. somethingb. anything27

38、. if there are good apples in the shop, buy me two pounds.a. some b. any28. both of these are interestingbooks.you can borrow of them.a. anyb. either29. all these are interesting books. you can borrow of them.a. anyb. both30. come you like.a. some day b. any day.31. can answer the question. it's

39、 quite easy.a. somebody b. anybody32. why don't you get to read during the winter vacation 寒假 .a. anything b. something33. would you like beer.a. anyb. some34. of the students was given a book.a. each b. everya. a smallb. some smallc. two small onesd. two small35. teacher.studentshouldrespect 尊

40、敬 the18. is this your coat. no, mine is .a. one blue b. a blue one19. if you need money,i'll lend you .a. oneb. itc. thosed. some.20. "haveyoufoundthepenyoulost yesterday ."a. oneb. the onec. one'sd. it21. i've got interesting books.a. some b. anya. each b. every36. twoboys cam

41、e and igave an apple to .a. each b. every37. the soldierslinedonsideof the road.a. each b. every38. everyone must do best to help others.a. one'sb. his39. here are two dictionaries.you may use of them.學(xué)習(xí)參考好幫手a. eitherb. each c. everyd. all40. there are flowersonsideofthedoor.a. eitherb. both41.

42、on banks of the river there are trees and flowers.a. eitherb. both42. he lent me two books, but of them is easy to read.a. both b. neither43. he lentmea few books,butofthem are easy to read.a. neitherb. none44. his parents are english teachers.a. allb. both45. like music.a. the both girlsb. both thi

43、s girlsc. both of them d. both they46. are very good.a. both theyb. the both boysc. both those boysd. both of they47. there are two windows inthe room. they face south.a. allb. both c. everyd. either48. does he speak englishor russian.he doesn't speak .a. eitherb. neitherc. none d. all49. the te

44、acher wanted to invite them to the musical evening.a. everybodyb. all50. i've read of the books.a. no oneb. none51. " howmany elephantsdidyou see ."" ."a. noneb. no onec. not many onesd. no many52. my sister gave me two pictures.one is the great wall, isthe ming tombs 明十三陵 .a

45、. anotherb. the other53. some like physics, like chemistry.a. the othersb. others54. he has fourbrothers.one isinbeijing,but are in nanjing.a. anotherb. otherc. the otherd. the othersword 格式整理版55. i have five colour pencils. one is red, another is blue and green.a. otherb. the otherc. othersd. the o

46、thers56. i don't think this is a good idea. has he any suggestion 建議 .a. oneb. anotherc. otherd. the other57. these cups are ours. those are .a. othersb. others'c. other'sd. others's58. the coat is too big. please show me .a. otherb. another59. have , please.a. the other cup of tea b. another cup of tea60. they are talking .a. each otherb. one anotherc. one to anotherd. to each other61. j