新目標(biāo)-八年級(jí)上unit9知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、unit 9知識(shí)點(diǎn)一.重要句型1. when was he born?he was born in 1895.be born出生于（be用過去時(shí)態(tài)形式was或were,因?yàn)槿说某錾酁榘l(fā)生 在過去的事，所以用一般過去時(shí)）the great pianist was born on october 10th, 1890.那位偉大的鋼琴家出生在1890年十刀十日。where were you born?你在哪兒出生的?t was born in beijing.我出生在北京。be born后可接時(shí)間也可接地點(diǎn)，但接時(shí)間時(shí)，耍根據(jù)貝體時(shí)間而選定不同的 介詞。iwasbornin1991.iwasbor

2、 ninmarch.twasbor ninmarch,1991.iwasbor nonmarch,5th.1wasbornonmarch.5th, 1991.2. who's that?that's deng yaping. she is a great chinese ping-pong player.3. how long did charies osborne hiccup?he hiccupped for 69 years emd 5 months“how long”是就一段時(shí)間進(jìn)行捉問，因此回答時(shí)用for后而加一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間。 一how long did he lea

3、rn english?他學(xué)英語多久了？he learned english for ten years.他學(xué)英語十年了。4. you are never too young to start doing things你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)小到不能做事情的地步。too . to 太而不能是英語中常用的一種結(jié)構(gòu)，其句型為“too +形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+ to do譯為“太而（以致）不能二它在形式上是肯定的，但在意義上是否定的。"tooto 本身已含冇否定的意思，因此，不定式詢i般不加not.she is too young not to go to school （x）she is too young

4、 to go to school（p）the water is too hot to drink.水太燙不能喝。the boy is too young to look after himself.這個(gè)男孩太小了，還不能自己照顧自己。this house is too big to clcan in one day.這幢房子太大了，一天內(nèi)打掃不完。she is too young to go to school她太小不能去上學(xué)。the old men started singing / to sing.老人們開始唱歌。we started doing our homework at 7 o&#

5、39;clock last night.我們昨晚7點(diǎn)開始寫作業(yè)。5. tiger woods started golfing when he was only ten months old泰戈伍德在只有10個(gè)刀大的時(shí)候開始玩高爾夫球。when he was a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music.在他還是一個(gè)小孩了的時(shí)候，他就能哼唱歌曲和難的樂曲。when是從句的引導(dǎo)詞，意為“的時(shí)候"。mozart started writing music when he was four years old.莫扎

6、特在四歲的吋候，開始寫音樂。tt rained when t got home.當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，天下雨了。when的用法：（1）作疑問副詞，意為“什么時(shí)候"亠when are you leaving?你什么時(shí)候離開？when did tony go to the library?托尼什么時(shí)候去的圖書館。（2）作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候"whon he was a small boy, he bcgan to perform bcijing opera當(dāng)他是個(gè)小男孩時(shí)，他就開始表演京劇。she toured the u. s. when she was

7、fourteen.她i四歲吋就周游了美國。6. arthur is a loving grandfather. he spends al 1 his free time with his grandch訂drcn.阿瑟是一位慈愛的祖父。他與他的孫子、孫女一起度過了他所冇的業(yè)余時(shí)間。 spend意為“花費(fèi).時(shí)間/金錢"r m planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside我打算在美麗的鄉(xiāng)村度過時(shí)光。一she spent $ 500 last year.她去年花了五百美元。（a）spend . on sth.在某物（事）上花費(fèi)（時(shí)間

8、，金錢）maria spent five yuan on the book瑪麗亞花了五元錢在這木書上。/瑪麗亞買這木書花了五元。t often spend a lot of time on my homework every night.我經(jīng)常每天晚上花兩個(gè)小時(shí)做家庭作業(yè)。（b）spend . （in） doing sth.花（時(shí)間或金錢）干某事i often spend a lot of time （in） doing my homeworkmaria spent five yuan （in） buying the book注意，spend的主語必須是人，在第四單元中學(xué)過tt takes s

9、b. some time / money to do sth.”也可表示“做某事花某人多少時(shí)間/金錢”，但take的主語應(yīng) 是物，而不能是人。it takes me a lot of time to do my homeworkit took maria five yuan to buy the book用于描述人物的形容詞talentcd （犬才的）,loving （慈愛的）,outsteinding （杰出的）, unusual （罕有的），creative （有創(chuàng)造力的），famous （著名的）， great （偉大的，很棒的）,beautiful （美麗的）7. li yundi,

10、the wellknown chinese pianist, always loved music. 中國著名鋼琴家李云迪總是喜愛音樂。劃線部分是“l(fā)i yundi-的同位語，作進(jìn)一步解釋說明。8. when he was a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music當(dāng)他是個(gè)小男孩吋，他就能夠哼唱歌曲和一些較難的音樂篇章。9. he bcgan to lcarn the accordion at the age of four. 他四歲十就開始學(xué)習(xí)手風(fēng)琴。at the age of 在歲時(shí)at the age of

11、4 mike began to write story books.邁克四歲時(shí)就開始寫故事書。年齡表達(dá)方法（1）用基數(shù)詞表達(dá)年齡,可以加上".years old5,three years old.（2）用 when 引導(dǎo)的從句 when i was three （years old）（3）at the age of + 基數(shù)詞 at the age of three（4）基數(shù)詞+ -year-old例：three-year-old,注意這種表達(dá)常作定語 女口 a three-year-old boy.10. li yundi took part in the 14th chop in

12、 internati onal pia no compe tition in polan.李云迪在波蘭參加了第14屆肖邦國際鋼琴比賽。join和take part in兩者都表示"參加,join指“參加”某種組織take part in表示參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)he joined the party at the age of 40.他 40 歲時(shí)入了黨。when did your brother join the army?你哥哥什么吋候參的軍？do you want to take part in the sports meeting?你想?yún)⒓舆\(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)嗎？11. he was also th

13、e first chinese pianist in the 70-ycar history of the chopin international piano competition to receive such an honor在肖邦國際鋼琴大賽70年的歷史中，他也是第一個(gè)獲得這樣榮譽(yù)的中國鋼琴 家。the 70-year history 70 年的歷史其中70-ycar做history的定語，所以year不能用復(fù)數(shù)。如：a four-year old girl 一個(gè)四歲女孩。the 70-year history 70 年的歷史12. he stopped playing footba

14、ll because of his sore back. 他因?yàn)楹韲低炊Ｖ沽颂咦闱颉?he stopped playing football because he had a sore back because of + n.because + 句子兩個(gè)都表原因he didn，t go to school yesterday because he was ill.=he didn't go to school yesterday because of his illnesswe didn't go out because the weather was bad=we didn

15、，t go out because of the bad weather.附：職業(yè)名詞a. 第一方隊(duì)：a.動(dòng)詞+ er,構(gòu)成的職業(yè)名稱最多，意為“家/人"等。女口: teach （教）一teacher （老師）work （工作）一worker （工人） farm （耕種）farmer （農(nóng)民）clean （打掃）一cleaner （清潔工）write （寫）一writer （作家）sing （唱；唱歌）一singer （歌唱家；歌手）drive （開車等）一driver （司機(jī)） dance （跳舞；舞蹈）一dancer （舞蹈家） play （打球等）一player （隊(duì)員），et

16、c.b. 名詞（多為自然學(xué)科）+ ist,可構(gòu)成“家”等。如： art （藝術(shù)；美術(shù)）一artist （藝術(shù)家；畫家） chemistry （化學(xué)）chemist （化學(xué)家）physics （物理）physicist （物理學(xué)家） science （科學(xué)）一scientist （科學(xué)家），etc.c. 名詞+ ian,構(gòu)成“家/員”等。女1【：music （音樂；樂曲）一musician （音樂家） library （圖書館）librarian （圖書管理員）,etc.b. 第二方隊(duì)：名詞+ man或woman,構(gòu)成“人/員''等。女口：police （警務(wù)）一policema

17、n / policcwoman （警察）business （生意）一businessman （商人） sports （運(yùn)動(dòng)）一sportsman （運(yùn)動(dòng)員） post （郵遞；寄送）一postman （郵遞員），etc.c. 第三方隊(duì)：其它“純天然'，式職業(yè)名稱。女口： 學(xué)生 一student售票員；列車員 一conductor戰(zhàn)士； 士兵 一soldier護(hù)士 一nurse醫(yī)生 一doctor 廚師一cook 售貨員、丿占員 一shop assistant 二精講語法1. 表示邀請(qǐng)：can you come to？ would you like to？will/ would/coul

18、d you please do.? shall we do ? let' s do ? why not do ？ why don' t you do ？ how/what about doing?yes,r d love/like to./yesj will./okr d love/like to,but/i m afraid-/v m sorry i can? t./i' m not free/avaitable. t m sorry,i have to2. have to客觀上需要做的，外界條件的需要不得不做“形勢逼迫” 有人稱時(shí)態(tài)的變化must說話者主觀上認(rèn)為必須

19、做“主觀判斷”must？yes,must./no,don' t have to/neednj t3. on saturday afternoon/on a cold morning/on a evening of dec 12 當(dāng)時(shí)間具體到某 一天或某一天的上午，下午或晚上，用on3. come to the party 來聚會(huì) go to the doctor 去看醫(yī)生meet my friend 見我的朋友prepare for the exam 為考試做準(zhǔn)備 have the flu/have a cold 感冒have a cough 咳嗽have a fever 發(fā)燒have

20、 a sore throat 喉嚨疼have a headache 頭痛 go to the party參加聚會(huì) come to my house 來我家 last fall去年秋季have a toothache 牙疼study for a math test為數(shù)學(xué)考試而學(xué)習(xí)plan to do 讓劃做某too much homework 太多作業(yè) go bike riding騎車兜風(fēng) have/ take an exam 參加考試事 finish the science homework 完 成 科 學(xué)作業(yè) the day before yesterday天 the day after t

21、omorrow 后天 improve my english提高我的英語 法 food and drinks食物和飲料 go back home 返回家write to sb.寫信給某人have a piano lesson 上鋼琴課the best way to do做某事的最好方 take a trip去旅行g(shù)o back/ return to sp 返回某地a house warming party 喬遷聚會(huì) the opening of-的開張 in the school hall 在學(xué)校大廳4. prepare(v.) preparation(n.) prepare sth.準(zhǔn)備某物/

22、事prepare to do 準(zhǔn)備做某事 prepare for sth./doing為(做)某事做準(zhǔn) 備prepare a for b用a為b做準(zhǔn)備 prepare sb. sth./ sth. for sb.給某人準(zhǔn)備某物5. t m not available/free.我沒有空.maybe another time.可能另找時(shí)間.catch/see you on monday!周一見！who are you going to the movies with? what a great idea!多么棒的主意！i look forward to hearing from you all.

23、我期盼你們的答復(fù) write me soon.盡快回信. a party is more glad with more people.聚會(huì)人越多越開心.6. thanks for sth./doing為而感謝notuntil知道才7. hang一hung一hung 懸掛，閑逛 hang out (with sb.)與某人閑 逛 hang一hanged一hanged 絞死8. invite(v.) invitation(n.) invite sb. to sp.邀請(qǐng)某人去某地 invite sb.to do 邀請(qǐng)某人 做某事thanks for your invitation./thanks f

24、or inviting.謝謝你的邀請(qǐng).9. accept接受，主觀意愿，可以refuse refuse to do 絕做某事receive收到，客觀 上收到或拿到，主觀上不一定接受receive/get a letter from sb.收到某人的來信=hear from sb.hear of/about-聽說10. what' s the day?今天是什么日子？回答1.星期幾+幾號(hào)2.節(jié)日(it' s monday,the 14th./ it' s teachers' day)what s the date today?今天是幾月幾號(hào)？ it s sep 1

25、0th.(冋答是日 期)what day is it today?今天星期幾？ it s monday/回答為星期 幾)11. look after sb.(well) / take(good) care of -照顧得好 look over 檢查(身 體)look at看一看look around環(huán)顧四周look for尋找look out當(dāng)心，小 心 look forward to doing 期盼，盼望做某事 look up 查找 look through 瀏 覽12. turn down拒絕，調(diào)低(咅量)turn on/off打開/關(guān)閉turn up調(diào)高(音 量)turn over 翻身 take turns to do 依次輪流去做某 事 13. help (v./n.) thanks for your help./helping me.help sb.