實(shí)義動(dòng)詞課件

1、 概念及分類動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞：就是用來(lái)形容或表示各類動(dòng)作的詞匯。動(dòng)詞從含義上分為：系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和實(shí)意動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞和實(shí)意動(dòng)詞。系動(dòng)詞：在句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，后面跟表語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can may must 等及其過(guò)去式could might 等表示能力、義務(wù)、必要猜測(cè)和說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣或情態(tài)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只能和主要的動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。助動(dòng)詞：shall will have be should would do 等，它們只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。實(shí)意動(dòng)詞：即行為動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，能夠單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，例如 fly eat drink 等。實(shí)意動(dòng)詞分為：及物動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞、兼實(shí)

2、意動(dòng)詞分為：及物動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞、兼做及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。做及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞：后面必須跟賓語(yǔ)，意義才完整的實(shí)意動(dòng) 詞。eg: everyone needs love. leifeng set us a good example. please describe what you have seen不及物動(dòng)詞：本身意義完整，后面不需跟賓語(yǔ)的實(shí)意動(dòng)詞。eg: lily wept bitterly. the rain stopped.it happened in june 1932.兼做及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞：既是及物動(dòng)詞也是不及物動(dòng)詞。兼做及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意義不變。eg: w

3、ho will cook the dinner.?(及物) every woman should learn to cook.（不及物） he has been drinking again.（不及物） i drink some brandy.(及物)常見(jiàn)的這類實(shí)意動(dòng)詞有borrow change clean cook draw drink drive dust eat film help iron learn lend marry paint park point read ride save sing smoke spend steal study type wash wave write

4、兼做及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意義有所改變。 wash your hands before meals .（飯前洗手飯前洗手） does this cloth wash well?（這布經(jīng)得起洗這布經(jīng)得起洗 嗎？）嗎？）i ran as quickly as i could.(我盡量快跑我盡量快跑)teach me how to run business（教我怎樣管教我怎樣管理企業(yè)）理企業(yè)）常見(jiàn)的這類實(shí)意動(dòng)詞有常見(jiàn)的這類實(shí)意動(dòng)詞有add aim beat blow call change cheat count draw dress drive escape exercise fit fly f

5、ollow hang head hold hurt lead lose manage meet mind miss move有些動(dòng)詞通常都用作及物動(dòng)詞，但有時(shí)賓語(yǔ)省略（從上下文可以看出）這時(shí)也就成了不及物動(dòng)詞。eg: he aimed at the bird and missed (it) yes i know (it) sorry,i forgot ( it )常見(jiàn)的這類動(dòng)詞有有些動(dòng)詞接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)就是及物動(dòng)詞，接介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)就是不及物動(dòng)詞。eg: the light wind brushes his cheek.(及物) the light wind brushes over his cheek.

6、 （不 及物動(dòng)詞） accept aim miss answer ask attack begin blow gusss considermany of them gained weight.many of them gained in weight.常見(jiàn)的這類實(shí)意動(dòng)詞有 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的形式大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞都有四種形式 現(xiàn)在式（do/does）過(guò)去式（did）、過(guò)去分詞式（done）、現(xiàn)在分詞式（doing）brush(against over) check(on) climb(up) cross(over)jump(over） play(against) enter(for) fight(agains

7、t with) 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的用法在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一、第二人稱單數(shù)以及所有的人稱復(fù)數(shù)和名詞的復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)實(shí)意動(dòng)詞用（原形）eg: i have a blue book. you have a blue book they have many blue books the pandas like to eat the bamboo在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)（he she it）和單數(shù)名詞時(shí)實(shí)意動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)（v+s/es）eg she (he) loves pets. it lives in a house. the monkey climbs the

8、tree 練習(xí)she _(like)bananas.the students_(go) to school everyday.my brother often _(watch) the football game.we always _(visit)our grandparents.the tv_ (show)us good programs. likesgowatchesvisitshows在一般過(guò)去式中主語(yǔ)+v過(guò)去式+其他eg: he worked in a bank last year.在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中主語(yǔ)+have/has+ v過(guò)去分詞+其他eg: i have lived here f

9、or three years.在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中主語(yǔ)+be+ ving+其他eg : i am doing my homework.含有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的句型轉(zhuǎn)換一般疑問(wèn)句：因?yàn)榫渲袥](méi)有be動(dòng)詞，所以我們要借助助動(dòng)詞do/does來(lái)完成一般疑問(wèn)句。 do/does +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+其他？其他？ 注：變換含有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的一般疑問(wèn)句找找出實(shí)意詞， 考慮慮它的原形是什么，看看主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)選選do/does變變肯定回答 yes, 主語(yǔ)+do/does 否定回答 no, 主語(yǔ)+dont/doesnteg:i have a blue book.(變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句) do you have a blue bo

10、ok? yes,i do no, i donthe has a brother. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句) does he have a brother?yes, he does no, he doesntmy brother does his homework before supper. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句)does your brother do his homework before supper?yes, he does no, he doesnt練習(xí)they like to play basketball （變一般疑問(wèn)句）do they like to play basketball?ye

11、s,they do no,they dontshe wants to be a teacher （變一般疑問(wèn)句）does she want to be a teacher?yes, she does no she doesnt否定句主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+dont/doesnt+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+其他其他注：找找實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，想想原形，看主語(yǔ)，選dont/doesnt 按結(jié)構(gòu)變變eg i have a blue book.（變?yōu)榉穸ň洌?i dont have a blue book. she wants to be a teacher（變?yōu)榉穸ň洌?she doesnt want to be a teacher.練習(xí)hi