關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別(一)

1、全國中小學(xué)“教學(xué)中的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)搜索”優(yōu)秀教學(xué)案例評(píng)選教案設(shè)計(jì)一、教案背景1,面向?qū)W生：J中學(xué) 口小學(xué)2,學(xué)科：英語2,課時(shí)：13,學(xué)生課前準(zhǔn)備：一、課前預(yù)習(xí)了解二、完成課后習(xí)題二、教學(xué)課題了解：定語從句，關(guān)系代詞，關(guān)系副詞，關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別。掌握：關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別。三、教材分析定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞，詞組 或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。 關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which 等。關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等

2、?！窘虒W(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)】重點(diǎn)：關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別。難點(diǎn)：關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別。教學(xué)之前用百度在網(wǎng)上搜索關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別的相關(guān)教學(xué)材料，找了很多教案作 參考，了解到教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，確定課堂教學(xué)形式和方法。然后根據(jù)課堂教學(xué)需要，用百度 網(wǎng)上搜索下載關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別讓學(xué)生加強(qiáng)了解。利用百度搜索關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞 的區(qū)別，做成PPT讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行深刻的比較認(rèn)識(shí)。四、教學(xué)方法思考探究觀察分析：什么是關(guān)系代詞？什么是關(guān)系副詞？他們分別什么時(shí)候用？解疑綜合歸納：關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別是什么？五、教學(xué)過程關(guān)系供詞與關(guān)系副詞百度百科關(guān)系代詞：http度/baike. baidu. com/

3、view/200887. htm關(guān)系副詞：http：/baike. baidu. com/view/720014. htm復(fù)習(xí)提問什么是定語從句？（學(xué)生回答）教師歸納：定語從句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞, 詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引 出。關(guān)系代詞有:who, whom, whose, that, which 等。關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。導(dǎo)入新課關(guān)系代詞是關(guān)系副詞是我們學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)，許多同學(xué)不會(huì)運(yùn)用，本堂課我們主要來學(xué)習(xí)他們的用 法。講授新課一、初中英語語法：

4、關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞視頻播放百度視頻視頻 http: Dlaylist/f2413393。1 p40.html關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān) 系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。 教師提問：This is the place(which/where) I spend my childhood .This is the place(which/where) I visited last summer.I'll will never forev

5、er the days(whicli/when) we spend together.I'll will never forever the days(whicli/when) we live together in the country .(小結(jié))關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 1) who, whom, that這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想見的人嗎？ (who/that在從句中作主語)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就

6、是我昨天見的那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)2) Whose用來指人或物，(只用作定語，若指物，它還可以同。f which互換)，例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書。3) which, that它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：A prosperity which / that had never

7、 been seen before appears in the countryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未 有的繁榮。(which/that在句中作賓語)The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。 (which / that在句中作賓語 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 1) when, where, why關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和”介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替 使用，例如：There are occasions when

8、(on which) one must yield,任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？2) that代替關(guān)系副詞that可以用于表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which”引導(dǎo) 的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略，例如：His father died the year (that

9、/ when / in which) he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago,他不大可能找到他 四十年前居住過的地方。第一空填where(從句中spend是謂語，my childhood是賓語where代指the place在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)?點(diǎn)狀語)第二空填which(which指代前面的the place在從句中充當(dāng)visit的賓語) 第三空填which (which指代前面的the days在從句中充當(dāng)spend的賓

10、語)第四空填when（從句中wc是主語，live是謂語，in the country是賓語，when指代the days在從 句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語）二、關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別1 .百度文庫http: 175foe7cd 1378e.html方法一：用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無賓語，就 必須要求用關(guān)系代詞：而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together wit

11、h you.判斷改錯(cuò)（注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線；用不同的顏色表示出。）（錯(cuò)） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（錯(cuò)）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（對(duì)） Tliis is the mountain village （which） I visited last year.（對(duì)）III never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名

12、詞與關(guān)系副詞where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用 上。2 .百度文庫http: 1 eb91 a375d 17.html方法二：準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分（主、謂、賓、定、狀），也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代 詞/關(guān)系副詞。例 1. Is this museum you visited a few days age?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one例 2. Is this the museum the exhibition was held.A. where B. that C. on which D. the one答案：例1 D

13、,例2A例 1 變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢his museum is you visited a few days ago.例 2 變?yōu)榭隙ň?This is the museumthe exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分為賓語,而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用,只有the one既做 了主句的表話，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關(guān)系代詞，所以應(yīng)選D。而句2中，主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn)，既可用副詞where,又因in the museum 詞組，可用介詞in + which引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中，介詞on用的不對(duì)，所以選A。關(guān)系詞的選擇

14、依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞（who, whom, that, which, whose）：先行詞在從句中做狀語時(shí),應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞（where地點(diǎn)狀語,when 時(shí)間狀語，why原因狀語）。三、關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞練習(xí)1.1） Is this museumyou visited a few days ago?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one2） Is this the museum the exhibition was held.A. where B. that C. on which D. the one答案

15、：1 D, 2A2.2 .分析第一句選 D,換成肯定句 This museum is the one you visited a few days ago,在這句話中 this 與 museum是一個(gè)整體，一起做主語.所以這里要填一個(gè)能做它的表語（the one）的詞.而后而從句的 that是可以省略的，這里也省略了.第二句選A,同樣換成肯定句來講3 .T關(guān)系代詞that的用法1）不用that的情況a）在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí)。（錯(cuò)）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.b）介詞后不能用。We depend

16、on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2）只能用that作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況a）在there be句型中，只用that,不用which。b）在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one. all, much. few. any, little 等作先行詞時(shí)，只用 that, 不用whichoc）先行詞有the only, the very修飾時(shí),只用that。d）先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that。.

17、e）先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。舉例：All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問題。Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。補(bǔ)充題1. The man is standing there is my father.A. who B. whom C. which2. Who was the man spoke to you just now?A. who B. whomC. that3. Tom is the only

18、 personI can depend on.A. thatB. which C. who4. It is the best film she has ever seen.A. that B. which C. when5. Beijing is the 29th city holds the Olympic Games.A. where B. that C. which D. what6. The football match I watched yesterday is fantastic!A. when B. that C. what D. who7. China is a countr

19、y has a long history;A. who B. which C. where8. The boyI talked with just now is my best friend.A. who B. which C. where9. The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children、isn't it?Yes, it has built many schools _ those children can study happily.A. where B. when C. which10. We know Jackie Chanmovies are very popular with the young.A. whose B. that C. who D. which告訴同學(xué)們